fraff. ;MA /A(Pte#KiA M^AvilmmU-A nMMM^A A:.- . ..... J 1 1 fin^-^ ■^^W) rrn-^ .f^ ^ fln.'.^ i^^ \ fTT ' ^ 1 A 11 A 1 > ^t:z i A ii A 1 . v-.^ i A i^ A t \JP^ i \ 11 ■^ ftyltlV'' ' . 'r^v/^fc,,^, U.^^^^ rV*?^.''^ v.. 'fi-'iT^'"' ^^ ^^ frnv^^i \ li / rv^^Py f \1L/ r\ J ZA ^IaTTa? /^^TxITh ^m\\ vTn^ /^^ ^ \ S^l \ 11 / I Vr"^ i \ 11 / 1 ^ 5^ M 11 / t -\ I p (^Si W# (^^^* \ If 1*^© 'M U 7- ^^^^^ ^A TFa^ •' I ^v^^&AlI 7 l^§;5^ 1 AIL A.t^r-^.} All A i ::^eS^>. AH A 1^ ■■^*2i^ r/-^^^ Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2009 with funding from Lyrasis IVIembers and Sloan Foundation http://www.archive.org/details/annualcatalogueo1911indi f Vol. XVII The Normal Herald-Catalogue Number No. 3 ^ Thirty-seventh Annual Catalogue OF THE 3nbiana Ji^ormal .^f^cfjool OF PENNSYLVANIA Ninth Normal School District, Indiana, Indiana County, Pennsylvania 191 I - 1912 ill PUBLISHED QUARTERLY BY THE STATE NORMAL SCHOOL June, 1911 ENTERED AT THE POSTOFFICE AT INDIANA. PA.. AS RFCONn-rtASS MAIL UATTFB ^^; ^a H!^^ n NOTICE There is a full index in the back of this volume that will aid the reader in finding such points of interest respecting the school as he may wish to look up. All the color plates, and many other designs, as head and tail pieces, in this catalogue, were made by our students. ^ ^^ ^^^ •\ PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORIvIAL SCHOOL Calendar -1911 3nlg August September O^ctober Slooember jSecember s M T w T| F s s M T w T F s s M T w T F s s M T w r F s s M T w T F s s M T w T p s I 8 IS 22 29 13 20 27 7 14 21 28 I 8 15 22 2 9 i6 23 3 10 17 24 31 4 II 18 25 5 12 19 26 I 8 15 22 29 2 9 16 23 30 I 8 15 22 29 2 9 16 23 30 3 10 17 24 31 4 II 18 25 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27 7 14 21 28 .... 5 12 19 26 "e 13 20 27 7 14 21 28 I 8 15 22 29 2 9 16 23 30 3 10 17 24 4 II 18 25 I 8 15 22 29 2 9 16 23 30 2 9 i6 23 30 3 10 17 24 31 4 11 i8 25 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27 7 14 21 28 3 10 17 24 4 II 18 25 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27 7 14 21 28 3 10 17 24 31 4 II 18 25 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27 7 14 21 28 ....!....! ... 1 r --■ 1 Calendar • 1912 3onuarg ^rebrnarg Stlarcft April aitag 3une s M T w T F s s M T w T F s s M T w T F s s M T w T F s s M T W T F s s M T w T F s 7 14 21 28 I 8 15 22 29 2 9 i6 23 30 3 10 '7 24 31 4 II 18 25 5 12 19 26 6 "3 20 27 I 8 15 22 29 2 9 16 23 3 10 17 24 I 8 15 22 29 2 9 16 23 30 7 14 21 28 I 8 15 22 29 2 9 16 23 30 3 10 17 24 4 II 18 25 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27 7 14 21 28 I 8 15 22 29 2 9 16 23 30 3 10 17 24 31 4 II 18 25 I 8 15 22 29 4 II 18 25 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27 7 14 21 28 3 10 17 24 31 4 II 18 25 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27 7 14 21 28 2 9 16 23 30 3 10 17 24 4 II 18 25 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27 7 14 21 28 1 ' 1 1 1 1 3nlg August September October SHoaember December s M T w T F s s M T w T F s s M T w T F s s M T w T F s s M T w T F s s M T w T F s 7 14 21 28 I 8 15 22 29 2 9 i6 23 30 3 10 17 24 31 4 II 18 25 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27 I 8 15 22 29 2 9 16 23 30 3 10 17 24 31 I 8 15 22 29 2 9 16 23 30 3 10 17 24 4 II 18 25 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27 7 14 21 28 6 13 20 27 7 14 21 28 I 8 15 22 29 2 9 16 23 30 3 10 17 24 31 4 II 18 25 5 12 19 26 I 8 2^2 29 2 9 16 23 30 I 8 15 22 29 2 9 16 23 30 3 10 17 24 31 4 1 1 18 25 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27 7 14 21 28 4 II 18 25 5 12 19 7fi 6 13 20 27 7 14 21 28 3 10 17 24 4 II 18 25 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27 7 14 21 28 ,^_ II III - '•■•■' '■■■;. 1 Page 5 PENNSYJJVA.N1A STAXE NOR-IVIAL SCHOOL CONTENTS Notice of Index Calendar ...... Normal Calendars for 1911-1912 Board of Trustees .... Standing Committees of the Board . State Board of Examiners Faculty ...... Administrative Organization Standing Committees of the Faculty . Functions of the Faculty Committees Pennsylvania State Normal — History . Material Equipment Location ...... Purpose and Function of This School Discipline ...... Student Organizations How to Enter the School . I'A<;e • 4 5 • 7 8 • 9 10 12 >9 . 20 21 • 25 27 • .14 .37 • 38 40 ■ 42 Graduation ..... Suggestions to Prospective Students Final Examinations, etc. Regulations for Advanced Standing Certificate and Diploma Statement of Expenses . Courses of Instruction The Training School The School of Business The Conservatory of Music . Normal School Registry Model School Registry . Summary of Enrollment Alumni Registry .... Class Directory .... Index ...... PAGE • 42 43 • 44 45 • 47 SO ■ 56 96 • '47 ■55 • 163 179 . 180 iSi . 192 219 ] ^^^^^ [ PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL Normal Calendar for 1911-12 Fall Term — Fifteen Weeks: Opens Tuesday, September 12, 191 1 Classification of New Students, 9 a. m. and 1 130 p. m., September 12. Closes Friday, December 22, 191 1 Vacation of Ten Days. Winter Term — Thirteen Weeks: Opens Tuesday, January 2, 1912 Classification of New Students, 9 a. m. and i :30 P M., January 2. Closes Friday, March 29, 1912 Vacation of Ten Days. Spring Term — Twelve Weeks: Opens Tuesday, April 9, 1912 Classification of New Students, 9 a. m. and 1:30 P. M., April 9. Annual Sermon before Christian Association Sunday evening, June 16, 1912 Baccalaureate Sermon Sunday morning, June 23, 1912 Commencement Concert Monday evening, June 24, 1912 Business Meeting of Alumni Association Tuesday, June 25, 1912 Class-Day Exercises Tuesday, June 25, 1912 Alumni Banquet Tuesday evening, June 25, 1912 Commencement Wednesday, June 26, 1912 Page 7 o PENNSYJ-VAISTIA STATE NOR-IVIAL SCHOOL Board of Trustees Representing the Stockholders: Gen. Harry White, A. B., Esq Term expires, 1912 Mr. John W. Sutton Term expires, 1912 Mr. William S. Daitoherty Term expires, 1912 Mr. Thomas Sutton, A.B., A.M., Esq Term expires, 1913 Mr. Edward Ro\ve Term expires, 1913 Mr. Grikiith ICllis Term expires, 1913 Mr. J. Wood Clark, A.B., .\.M., Ksii Term expires, 1914 Justice John P. Elkin, LL.B., A.M Term expires, 1914 Mr. Harry \\". Wilson, A.B Term expires, 1914 Reprfst-nlinti the Stale: Mr. John A. Scott, A.B., Esq Term expires, 1912 Senator John S. Fisher, Pd.B., Esq Term expires, 1912 Mr. To.m E. Hildebrani) Term expires, 1912 Hon. Summers M. Jack, Esq Term expires, 1913 Judge S. J. Telford Term expires, 1913 Mr. W. R. Loughry Term expires, 1913 Mr. J. C. Wallace Term expires, 1914 Mr. J. Dick Wilson Term expires, 1914 Mr. a. T. MoREHEAI) Term expires. i>)l4 Officers of the Board: President: Tiio.MAs Sutton. Vice-Presideiil : J<iiin P. F.i.kin. Se<Tel;ir> : J. WoOD Clark. Treasurer: Harrn Winri:, Jr. Page 8 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORTvIAL SCHOOL a Standing Committees of the Board INSTRUCTION AND DISCIPLINE Harry White John P. Elkin J. Wood Clark S. M. Jack John A. Scott EMPLOYMENT OF TEACHERS-ADVERTISING AND PRINTING James E. Ament W. S. Daugherty John P. Elkin Thomas Sutton S. M. Jack FINANCE John A. Scott John S. Fisher J. W. Sutton J. C. Wallace Harry White ACCOUNTS AND CLAIMS Griffith Ellis H. W. Wilson S. J. Ti'Lford EXPENDITURES AND SUPPLIES J. P. Elkin W. R. I.oughry Edward Rowe APPARATUS, house AND SCHOOL FURNITURE John W. Sutton W. R. Loughrv Edward Rowe J. Dick Wilson John S. Fisher BUILDINGS Edward Rowe A. T. Morehead T. E. Hildebrand J. C. Wallace H. W. Wilson GROUNDS W. S. Daugherty J. W. Clark Griffith Ellis Page 9 III PENNSYLVANIA STAXE NORIVIAL SCHOOL Standing Committees of the Board, continued J. \V. Clark LECTURES AND ATHLETICS T. E. HiLDEBRAND Griffith Kllis S. M. Jack S. J. Telford LIBRARY H. W. Wilson John S. Fisher J. C. Wallace CARE OF HOSPITAL AND SICK T. E. HlLDEHRAXD A. T. MoREHEAU J. Dick Wilson John A. Siott AUDITORS W. K. l.Ol'C.HRY W. S. Daiu.herty State Board of Examiners for Indiana, 1911 Hon. R. M. McNeai UepartmenI ol Public Instiuclioii Dr. E. O. Lytic Principal Milicrsville Ira N. McCloskey Superintendent Clinton County J. L. Allison Superintendent Wilkinsburg Daniel Fleisher Superinlendent Lancaster County J. H. RebeR SuperintendeiU Wayneslioro Clyde C. Green Superintendent New Hrighton D. W. Seibert Superintendent Somerset County Dr. James E. Ament Principal Indiana Page 10 ^ Faculty PENNSYJJVAlSriA STATE ]SrOR,lVlAl_ SCHOOL Faculty Jamks K. Ament, I.L.I)., Priiiiipnl. J.\MES E. Ament I>roR.s,s„r of Psychology an.l l-lliics Student at Valparaiso I'nivcrsity; K'racluat.', Illinois State Normal University, I8y2; sometime snperirKen.l,.,! of rUy schools, Larroll Iowa; somel.me supenntendent ..f eity sehools, Rork Island', Illinois; first po^siclenl ,.f Slal,- Norni.il School, .^Iva, Okla.; pre.s,dent-elert. State .\ormal Sel.ool, Weston, OreRon: sometime president of St.ite Normal School Warrensbtirg, .Missouri; LL. I)., Kentii.ky Lniversity; in present position since 1906. John A. Lesh, A.M Professor oj Pedagogy (.radiiate, Pennsylvania State Normal, East StroudslmrK; graduate Ph. B., Taylor Universitv, Uplan.l, Indiana; gradu- vin-l T ^''™'"K"'"-'.' ^"""-ip-; ^- ^■■' student, Columbia University, New York City; graduate, Cniversitvof I'ennsyl- ^ama, three years principal, loln-hanna. Pa.; one year professor of history, Taylor University; in present position since Marg.xret Kirkp.^trick StroN(;, A.M Assislanl in Psychology ami Pedagogy Hamiltofi Collegiiife Institute, (an.ida. gold medalist, icjoi ; Universitv of Toronto, Honor graduate, Philosophv H \ 905; assistant in Toronto psycliologi.a! lal.orat.>ry; Cornell University, Scholar in the Sage School of Philos,.phy, A. M., 190/; Wilson College, ChamlK-rslmrg, Pa., Professor of Philosophy, 1907-1909; in present position since 1909. Jane E. Leonard, M.S Professor of EugHsh Student, Pennsylvania State Normal School, Millersville; teacher of mathematics and history in Pennsylvania State Nor- inal^ School, .Millersville, 1868-1875; degree of M.S., Pennsylvania Stale Normal, Millersville; in |>re,;ent position since lu.NA B. Smith, A.B Assoeialc Professor of English Teacher in Kansas public sc^hools, two years; graduate. State Normal School, .Alva. Okla., 1902; teacher in Kiowa (Kan.) High School, two years; .\. B., Lniversity of .Michigan, 1907; in present jxisition since 1907. Bertha Agard, A.B ^„ -.Z^,,^ •„ £„g;;^,^ Graduate of State Normal School. Cortland, N. Y.; sometime teacher in the public schools in New Jersey; A. B., Cornell Lniversity; in present position since 1910. Page 12 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORT^AL SCHOOL Faculty, continued Ethel M. Orr Assislanl in English Student two years in VVcstmin<;fer College, New Wilmington, Pa.; sometime teacher in Lincoln Normal, Marion, Ala- bama; sometime teacher in Pennsylvania public schools; graduate, Pennsylvania State Normal, Indiana, 1909; teacher in Monongaliela public schools, 1909; in present position since 1910. Helen A. Carmalt Secretary to Miss Leonard, and Assistant in Commercial Department Graduate, Brookville High School, Pcnna.; graduate, Tommercial Teachers' Training Course, State Normal School, Indiana, Penna. Albert K. Heckel, A.M Professor of History and Geography A. B., A. M., Roanoke College, Virginia; post-graduate work, Johns Hopkins llniversity; student in Harvard University; teacher in Swissvale High School, three years; in present position since 1907. Elizabeth M. Walsh Assistant in Geography and History Graduate, High School, Horseheads, N. Y.; graduate, State Normal School, Cortland, N. Y.; sometime teacher in High School at East Bloomfield, N. Y.; sometime teacher in High Si h.«)l, W.iterviUc, N. V.; in [iresent position siitce 1910. James C. Smith, Ph.B Professor of Mathematics Graduate. Howard College, Alabama: sometime teacher in public schools of Alabama; Ph. B., University of Chicago, 1903; He.id of Department of Mathematics, Kvansville High School, Evansville, Ind., 1903-1907; graduate work in lin- versitN' of Chicago; in present position since 1907. M. C. Gordon, M.S Associate Professor of Mathematics Graduate, Pennsylvania State Normal School, Indiana, 1885; principal, public schools. West Nerotore, Pa., 1885-6; grad- uate with degree of M. S., Pennsylvania State Normal School. Indiana, 1HS8; princip.d, public schools, Irwin, Pa., 1888- 1892; special student University of Pennsylvania, 1S94; in present position since 1892. Edna S. Winters, A.B Assistant in Mathematics Graduate, 1905, post-graduate, 1906, Masten Park High School, Buffalo, N. Y.; graduate, Vassar College, 1910; in present position since 1910. Edith Chesebrough, A.B Assistant in Mathematics Graduate of High School, Syracuse, N. Y.; A. B., Cornell University; sometime teacher in High School, Attica, N. Y.; in present position since 1907. I>E NN SYLVAN 1 A SXAXE NOR-lVlAL SCHOOL Faculty, continued William O. Forman Athletir Coach and Assistant in Mathematics Graduate, Pi-nnsylvania State Normal. Indiana, Pa.; sometime teacher in public schools; Principal, Millsburo Union Schools and llij;h School; sometime student at Allegheny College; participated in varsity athletics at AllcRhcny College in football, basket ball and baseball. Drafted by and under contract to Washington Americans from Erie O. & P. league team, fall 1909. In present position since 1910. Wii.i.i.vM J. Jack. A.B,, A.M Professor of Greek and Latin Student. Pennsylvania State Normal School, Indiana, four years; graduate. Phillips-Exetcr .Academy, 1901; A. B., Yale University. 1905; A. M., ibid.; instructor in history and mathematics, Military Academy. Los Angeles, Cal., 1905-6; in present position since 1906. Rosina Boice Wkavur, M.S Assistant in Latin Teacher in Pennsylvania public schools; M.S., Pennsylvania State Normal School, Indiana, 1X92; siudeut, Cornell I'ni- versity. summer iSgy; in present position since 1892. ESTELI.A V. I.. Shkkrill, A.B Professor of German and French Graduate of State Normal School. Alva. Okla.; sometime teacher in public schools; graduate of Kansas State School; .A. B.. University of Michigan; sometime teacher in Kansas State Normal; in present position since 1907. Normal present position since 1907. N. Frances Wi-lli-r, A.B Assistant in French and German Graduate of High School, Ilion, N. 'S'.; \. B., Cornell Iniversity; sometime teacher in High School, New Hartford. N. \ .: in present posit i<jn since 1910. Joseph N. K. Hickman, A.M Professor of Physics Graduate. High School. Steelton. Pa.. 1894; A. B.. Pennsylvania College. 1899; A. M.. same. 1903; tutor. Pennsylvania College. 1899.1900; teacher, mathematics and science. Peckskill Military Academy. 1900-3; in present po.sition since 1903. John James, A.B Professor of Chemistry Student several years in Illinois State Normal University; student three years in Northwestern University. Kvanston. 111.; A. B.. University of Michigan; teacher in secondary schools; graduate student, University of Michigan; sometime electri- cian. Naval Observatory, Washington, D. C.; student two years in University of Halle, Prussia; one year in Sorbonne. Paris; sometime instructor in mathematics. University of Michigan; sometime professi>r of mathematics, Kpworth Univer- sity, Oklahoma City; sometime acting-director of .Morrison Observatory. Glasgow, Mo.; in present [losition since 1907. J. HiKHi K I \\aiti-: Biology Graduate. Lock Haven High School; first degree in Biology, Bucknell University. Page 14 o PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORIVIAL SCHOOL Faculty, continued Susan Appelgate Instrmtor i„ PubUc Speaking um- Graduate of South Jersey Institute; graduate and post-graduate of Emerson College of Oratory. Boston; student s mer school, University of Virginia; teacher in South Jersey Institute; teacher m Central College, Lexington, Mo present position since 1908. Elizabeth Knight Eyre Direcl"r of Physical Trai,ung for Women Graduate of New Haven Normal School of Gymnastics; sometime teacher of private classes in gymnastics in New Haven Normal Sch.iol of Gymnastics; sometime Director of Athletics in New Haven Normal School of Gymnastics; sometime teacher of Gymnastics in State Normal Training School. New Haven, Conn. ; sometime teacher of Gymnastics in New Haven, Conn., Public Schools; sometime Basket Ball coach in New Haven, Conn., Public Schools; in present position since 1909. Jean R. McElhaney, Pd.B Inslmctor in Drawing Graduate, high school. Indiana, Pa., 188,1; graduate, Pennsylvania State Normal School, Indiana, 1885; primary teac-her, Union own Pa.. iSSsIgo; teacher in public schools. Indiana. Pa.. 1890-96; student in Art Lhautauqua, summer 1892; teacher in p. blc schools Johnstown, Pa.. .896-1903; student. Prang Normal .Vt Classes, Boston, .900-1; graduate stu- dent Pr^tt Institute, Brooklyn, 1903-4; teacher of Art, Johnstown High School, .904-6; in present position since 1906. Jessie Anderson Taylor .l.././«»/ in Drawing Graduate, Oberlin Academy, 1907; graduate, Pratt Institute, Brooklyn, N. Y., ig.o; in present position smcc 19.0. Elbert M. Jackson Instructor in Manual Training Graduate ..f Hieh School Pulaski, N. V., .896: graduate of State Normal and Training School Oswego. N.\. 902; .ZiZc t ache in puliic schools of N™ York; teacher of Manual Training Orange Park Normal Schoo. Florida 1902-04; teacher of Manual Training, Utica, N. Y., 1905-8; teacher of Manual Training, Concord, N. H., 1908-9, in present position since 1909. Alva E. Kinsley "'-•"'^ "/ Commmml Department Student University of West Virginia; student. Mt. Union College. Alliance, Ohio; graduate, Eastman National Business College,' Poughkeepsie, N. Y.; professor of banking and commercial law. State Normal Business School; m present position since 1910. Hamlin E. Cogswell, Mus.M Director Musical Conservatory Student of Voice under George James Webb and Chester G. Allen, New York; Charles R. Adams. Boston; trederic W Root Chicago student of Piano under William Mason, New York; Violin under LeandroCampenan, Boston; The- ory under cSi^ G Allen, New York, and Dr. Hugh A. Clarke, Philadelphia; Public School Music under Mason, Zuchtrnann and Holt director of School of Music, State Normal School, Mansfield, Pa 1887-97; supervisor of music. Binghrmton N Y.. 897-99; Syracuse, N. Y., .899-1903; recalled to Mansfield Norma 1903-05; Director at Pennsyl- vanfa Nor°hwestern Normal, 19^5-6; degree of Mus. M., Syracuse University, 1903; president of music section, Nationa EducadrAsSc1Ition?i906-7; director of Music, Chautauqua Assembly, Chautauqua, N. Y., since 1908; in present position since 1906. •Jl Pa,«lS [ PENNSYLVANIA SXAXE NOR-lVlAL SCHOOL Faculty, continued Dorothy Cogswell Voice Culture and Uiitory of Music Voice Culture and Teachers' Course under Mnic. Edna Hall, representative uf Krancesca. Kainperti and Marches!; pri- vate instructor at Scranton. I'a., and EiiiiKhamton and Syracuse, N. V.: instructor in Slate Nt)rnial, Mansfield, Pa., 1889-97: State Normal, Kdinboro, I'a., 1905-6; in present position since 1906. Edna Allan Cogswell Piano and Organ Graduate, Cr)nservatory of Music, State Normal, Mansfield, Pa.; Piano under Berwald, Syracuse University; \Vm. II. Sherwood, Chautauriu.i. N. N'.; Henry W. Davis, Syr.icuse; Organ under Harry Vihliard. Syracuse University, and R. Huntington Woodman, .New York; Voice under Richard Grant, Calthrop and Marie Lindimer Davis, Syracuse, ami Mr. and Mrs. Theo. J, Toedt, New York; instruiior in piano and organ, Mansfield Normal, 1904-5; Edinboro Normal, 1905-6; in present position since 1906. M Ks. R. J. Sawyer Piano Student, New York College of Music, 1886-7; inipil of Albert Ross Parsons, New Y'ork, 1892-5; teacher, pianoforte, .Norwalk, Conn, 1886-95; Carlisle, I'a., 1895-1900; in present position since igoo. William Wrigley Violin C.raduate of Walnut Hills High S<-hool. Cincinnati: student of violin for nine years under Benjamin ICbaun, now of New- York City: gr,iduate of Klindworth Scharwenka Conservatory, Hcrlin, Germany: instructor of violin, Johnson .Vlusic Conservatory, Mitineapolis; for two years a member of the .Nlinneapolis Symphony Orchestra and violin soloist of the Orpheus Concert Company; in present position since 1907. Alice Crane-Wrigley, Mus.B Piano, Theory, Analysis, French and German Gradu.ite of Hiram College, studied with William Sherwood; sjjcnt several years abroad, stuilying piano for three years with Felix Dreyschock of the German Sclu)ol, ,ind three years with .Mme. StephanolT, Russian e.\|)on<-nl of the Lcs- chelizky melliod, and with .\rlhur l)i- Cnvi in Brussels; completed the course in Harmony, Counterpoint anil Kugue, Sternescher Ccm.servatory: taught in Columbus, (Jhio; sometime head of music department of Roanoke College, Va.; in present position since 1907. \\ . R. Douglas Wind and Slriv^ed Instruments, Piano and Harmony Student of violin and harmony, Central Normal School, Danville, Indiana; Clarinet and School Music, Chicago Col- lege of .Music; graduate, Dana's Musical Institute, Warren. Ohio; sometime teacher of band and orchestra instruments, Potter Music School, Southern Pines, N. C; supervisor of music in public schools three years; in present position since 1908. Page 16 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORTvIAL SCHOOL Faculty, continued Lelia Farlin Sifiging and Voice Culture Graduate in Voice of the University School of Music, Ann Arbor, Michigan; post-graduate vocal work under \Vm. A. Howland, Head of Vocal Department, University School of Music; Frederic Bristol, New York; Ellison Van Hoose, New York; Frederick Pease, Michigan State Normal; Theory and Ear Training under Prof. Heacox, Oberlin Conservatory, Oberlin, Ohio; Musical Histor\-, Post-graduate work in Harmony under Prof. A. A. Stanley, University of Michigan, also Director of University School of Music; Piano under Prof. Henry C. Post, Grand Rapids, Mich.; Chas. Morrison, Director, Oberlin Conservatory, Oberlin, Ohio; Alberto Jonas, formerly of University School of Music, now of Berlin, Germany; for seven years Assistant Teacher in Vocal Department, University School of Music, Ann Arbor, Mich.; in present position since 1909. Annie E. Hanley Voice Spent three years in Italy (Florence) studying Italian and French languages, and piano; voice with Felice Coen; three years and a half in France (Paris) studying French and Italian languages and diction, vocal and preparatory vocal teacher's course with the late Enrico Delle Scdic. Interpreter and assistant accompanist to Delle Sedie. Cierman lan- guages. Awarded diploma in vocal and ability to teach same by Delle Sedie. Concerts in Florence, New Yt)rk, Charles- ton, and Aiken; head of vocal department one year at Angela's Academy, Aiken, S. C. Charles Park Piano and Organ Cincinnati College of Music; piano, organ and theory with Adolph H. Stadermann; piano with Romeo Gorno; theory with Dr. N. J. Elsenheimer; voice with Mme. Tecla Vigna; prominent church positions in Cincinnati, Louisville, Chat- tanooga and Alpena, Mich. Private classes 1902-1909; in present position since 1909. Araminta M. McLane Librarian Graduate, High School, East Liverpool, Ohio; teacher in public schools. East Liverpool, Ohio; librarian, public library, East Liverpool, Ohio; student. Pennsylvania State Normal, Indiana; student, Michigan University Library School. Ann Arbor, Mich., summer 1910; in present position since 1907. Lois M. Dunlap Stenographer and Assistant Librarian Graduate of High School, New Brighton, Pa.; graduate of shorthand course, Indiana State Normal School; in present position since 1910. Jennie M. Ackerman Supervisor of the Model School Graduate, State Normal School, New Paltz, N. Y.; teacher in public schools, Red Bank, N. Y.; in high school; princi- pal of model school, State Normal Schoril, East Stroudsburg, Pa.; student, Colundjia University, summer; critic teacher. State Normal School, Indiana, Pa., 1902-4; in present position since 1904. Hope Stewart, Pd.B Critic Teacher Graduate. Pennsylvania State Normal School, Indiana; teacher in public schools, Indiana, Pa.; student, Clark Univer- sity, summer; student. School of Pedagogy, Chautauqua, N. Y.; summer, 1903; teacher in State Normal School, Indiana, Pa., 1899-1906; in present position since lyob. o Page 17 PENN^YUV^ANIA STATE NOR-JVIAL SCHOOL Faculty, concluded Margaret D. MooRFi Criiit Teacher (iraHiiate. High School. Hornell. N. ^'.; grariiiatc. State Normal, Geneseo. N. Y.; teacher in public schools of New ^'ork, 1897-1905; teacher in Susan B. Anthony School, Rochester, J905-6; in present position since igo6. Mai,\ iNA Garman Riddle, Pd.B Cnlk Teacher (iraduate, State Normal, Indiana, I'a., 1882; teacher in public schools, Grccnsburg, I'a., 1883-5; teacher in public schools, Indiana, Pa., 1893-6; student, summer school, Chautauqua, N. Y., 1894 ^"^ 1898; in present position since 1896. Selma M. Konoi.I) Assistant in 'Training School Graduate, High Sihool, Millvale, I'a.; graduate, Pennsylvania State Normal, Indiana; in present position since 1908. Ernest B. K.m is Registrar William !•". Sm itii Manager of Hnok Department RoHKRT ('.. RoDKEY Secretary to the Principal May a. Davis Slewanl J. A. H. LoNCiWii.i Superintendent of Buildings and Grounds Mary K. Kelso ((irailualc Nurse) In Charge of Infnmnry Mrs. Paula La.vge Assistant Nurse Jacob F. Reum Head Chef Maurk E F. HiLE Director of Laundry David .\. I-'leming Engineer and Electrician J. S. Griffith Assistant Engineer and Electrician .Ahkaii.vm Pier( e Head Carpenter J. R. Henderson, and Jonathan Learn Gardeners J. W. Langham Night Watchman Harry Beatty Night Watchman J. H. Rahenkamp Janitor, Sutton Hall Fdith Brooks Assistant Janitress, Sulton Hal William Grammes Janitor, Clark Hall J. W. Householder Janitor, Leonard Hall Luther Roof Janitor, Wilson Hall Mii.to.n Laney Porter Page 18 o ^^m^ PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL Administrative Organization Officers of the Faculty Prhuipnl: Jamks E. AmRNT. Prcrepiirss: Jank R. Leonard. Prereplin: Wll.i.iAM J. Jack. Direilor of Musical Consen<alory: Hami.in R. Cogswell. Priiiiipal of the Biisim-s.s School: Ai.VA R. Kinsley. Supervisor of Ijie Trainin'^ School: Jicnnie M. ArKERM.\N. Librarian: Araminta M. MiI.ane. Secretary to the Principal: Robert Rodkev. Registrar: Rknest B. Race. Manager of Book Department: \Vm. R. Smith. Page 19 PENNSYX-VANIA SXAXE N0R,NIAL SCHOOL Standing Committees of the Faculty (The firsl person named is cbairmao of that committee) Ai)VAN-CED Standing: Mr. Win. J. Jack. For JiNioRs: Mr. Gordon, Miss Walsh and Miss McEIhaney. For MiDDLiiRs: Mr. James C. Smith, Mr. James and Miss Agard. Athlktics: Mr. Wni. J. Jack, Mr. Wm. F. Smith. Win. Forman. Classification: Mr. James C. Smith. For Music: Mr. Cogswell. For Commercial Subjects: Mr. Kinsley. For Juniors and Below: Miss Smith, Miss Walsh, Mr. Meckel, Miss Chesebrough, Mr. Jackson, Mr. Lesh, Miss Orr, Miss Eyre. For Middlers: Miss Weaver, Miss Sherriil, Miss Weller, Miss Strong, Mr. W.iilc. For Seniors: Miss Ackerman, Mr. James. Commencement: Mr. M. C. Gordon, Miss Leonard, Mr. J. C. Smith, Mrs. Riddle, Miss Stewart, Miss Ackerman Mr. Heckel, Mr. Jack and Miss Cogswell. Dining-Room: Mr. J. C. Smith, Miss Stewart, Mrs. Sawyer and Mr. Kinsley. Lecture Course: Miss Jane E. Leonard, Mr. Cogswell, Mr. Gordon, Miss Smith .ind Miss Sherriil. LlTF,R.\RV Societies: Mr. John James, Miss Smith, Miss Sherriil, Miss Chesehnmgh, Mrs. Riddle and Mr. Gordon. Program: Mr. Wm. J. Jack, Mr. James, Mr. J. C. Smitli .nid Mr. Gordon. RlcioMMEND.vriONS AND POSITIONS: Miss Jennie M. .Ackerman, Miss Stewart. Miss Leonard, Mr. Kinsley, Mr. Cogswell, Mr. Gordon, and Miss Kosina Hoice Weaver, Secretary . RlvI.lGlous Work: Mr. J. A. Lesh, Miss Walsh, Miss l.con.ird. Mr. Mc-ckel, Miss Slrong and Miss McLane. School Magazine: Mr. John James, Miss Leonard, Mr. Kinsley, Miss McEIhaney. Social Life: Miss Jane E. Leonard, Miss Stewart, Miss Moore, Miss Cogswell, Miss Weller, Miss Eyre, Miss Smith, Mrs. Wrigley, Mr. Heckel and Miss McLane. State Board: Mr. M. C. Gordon, Miss Weaver and Mr. Jack. Page 20 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORlVlAL SCHOOL a Functions of the Faculty Committees (All acts of the faculty committees are subject to the approval of the Priocipal) Advanced Standing: This committee shall determine the value of all work done in other schools which is offered by entering or prospective students for advanced standing here, and shall report its findings to the Principal. Athletics: This committee shall have general supervision over all public athletic games, exhibitions and contests, and shall have control over the arrangements for such games, exhibitions and contests with other schools or associations. It shall have control over the finances and property of the Athletic Association, and over the purchase of needed athletic supplies. It shall decide what candidates for membership on teams or for admission to athletic games, exhibitions and contests shall be eligible, aiul it sliall exclude from participation those whom it finds below the standard in their studies, or ineligible for any other cause. Classification: This committee shall enroll and classify all students. It shall see that a full and correct registry of students be kejit in the office, with copies of individual programs. Subject to such regulations as may be adopted Ijy the Principal, it shall pass upon all requests for changes of program. It shall see that the grades made by students each term are (iul\- reported to the recording official. It shall follow up students' work and discipline delincjuents, when in its judgment it thinks best, and also offer such advice and encouragement as seem wise. It shall have the power to call upon teachers for weekly reports of the standing of students whose work is under its consideration. Commencement: This committee shall have general directive charge of the affairs of Commencement. It shall see that the diplomas are ready, and shall have proper programs printed. Lectures and Entertainments: This committee .shall select and contract for all lectures and entertain- ments for the regular Normal I^ecture Course. All entertainments, excepting those which come under the control of other regular committees or the Princi- pal, must receive the approval of this committee and be subject to its regulations before they shall be permitted lo appear in the Chapel. DiNING-RooM : This committee sh.ill have general charge of all dining-room matters not coming undtT the official control of the Steward; it shall do the seating; it shall see that good order is maintained, not onh- in the dining-room, but upon entering and leaving the same; in this work it shall have the cooperation of all members of the faculty. J^ FENNSYXA^ANlA STATE NORlVlAL SCHOOL Functions of the Faculty Committees. continued Literary Societies: In working with committees ai)i)()inli-(l l>y the Societies, or in worls'Pg wilh ihe Society officials, this committee shall represent the Faculty. It shall labor lo make more effective and \aUiable the work of the literary societies, and to this end shall advise with the members of the societies from lime lo time. It shall ha\e general charge of all contests, inter-society, or inter-collegiate, and open meetings. Any and all .society meetings shall be open to the members of this committee, and they shall attend the meet- ings from time to time. Program: This committee shall make out the term program, at least one week prioi to the opening of the term. The committee may, when it deems best, consult with other members of the faculty relative to the schedule, but it shall have power to make out the program as it seems best in its judgment, and when so made and approved by the Principal, the same shall be final. *Recommendations AND POSITION: This commit tcc shall assist graduates anri (]ualilicd sludcnls to secure positions to teach, and shall aid school officials in procuring teachers. It shall collect complete and accurate information respecting all applicants for positions to li'ach who ask the assistance of the committee. Religious Work: It shall he the function of this committee to assist and encourage the students in ,dl religious work. It shall advise with the officers of the Y. W. C. A. and the Y. M. C. A. School Magazine: This committee shall have general charge of the publication known as the Normal Herald. Social Life: This committee shall have general and executive charge of the social life of the students. It shall have charge of the Saturday- evening social, of the Hallowe'en and Washington's Birthday e\-ents, and such other affairs as the Hauxhurst spreads, hay-rides and sleigh-rides. State Board: It shall be the duty of this roniniittec t(] m.ike all needful iireiiaration for lacilitaling the work of the State Board of IC.xaminers. *NoTE. — The Normal, through its Committee on Recommendations and Positions, is prepared to give systematic aid to its graduates and students in securing suitable positions to teacii. The committee seeks to assist school authorities in procuring competent teachers. The plan is to recommend candidates best suited to till vacancies and not to send out general letters of recommendation. School authorities who write the committee will have full and confidential information in regard to applicants. School officers are cordially invited to visit the .Normal to inspect the work of those whom they may wish to secure to fill positions. Cor- respondence is invited from Boards. Principals and Superintendents in regard to vacancies and teachers. This information will be treated in full confidence and all possible assistance will be gladly given. While the chief work of the committee will be to help the students who are in attendance, yet it is the purpose to lend assistance to graduates and former students in securing for themselves more satisfactory positions. To this end the full coiiperation of Alumni and former students is earnestly desired. Write to the committee when in need of a teacher. Supply information concerning vacancies. All correspondence in regard to location of teachers should be addressed to the Secretary or the Principal. Page 22 I II* PENNSYLVANIA STAXE NOR-IVIAL ©CMOOL Jiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiuiuiiiiiiiiy Page 23 ■ ll F»ENNSYLVAN1A STATE NORNIAL SCHOOL Page 24 V^^^ PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORI^AL SCHOOL The Pennsylvania State Normal School History HE plan ol tliis Institution was conceived n-S!i in the sixties, the first money, some twenty thousand dollars, being subscribed for its founding in 1869. The first recog- nition by the State was through an act of the General Assembly in 1 87 1, but the school was not opened until May 17, 1875. Its first principal was Dr. E. B. Fairfield, who after- wards, as the first Chancellor of the University of Nebraska, so largeh- influenced the future of that institution. Among the nolablc men present upon the opening day of the school was one of Pennsylvania's most famous educators, then State Superintendent of Pub- lic Instruction, James P. VVickcrsham, who stated in his public address that it was his opinion that Indi- ana's first building was the largest, finest and best- planned structure devoted to normal school education in the United States. A monument to its founders, that building still stands, and in honor of the first oresident of the lioard nf Irustces, it is known as JdIhi Sutton Hall. In 1893 there was erected upon our campus a brick residence for men students. The building was forty by one hundred feet, and consisted of a basement and three stories. In February, 1906, this building burned to the ground. There were excellent fire escapes, so not only were no lives lost, but there were no serious injuries. The ruins were not cold before the trustees were planning lor a larger and better dormitor>' for our young men, and in January, 1907, the Indiana boys took possession of one of the best school residences for men in the State. The building stands upon the site of the old one, but is somewhat larger, and is known as Clark Hall, in honor of the board's second Page 25 PENNSYLVANIA STAXE NOR-IVIAL SCHOOL presidenl, llu' lair Jiislicf Silas M. Clark, of tlie Supreme Bench. In 1893, also, the Iniaril uretltil, to ihe nurlhward of the main building, the Model School, and named it in honor of their third president, the A. W. Wilson Hall. This building contain.s eight large, airj' class- rooms, with ample playrooms in the basement for use on stormy days. The year 1903 marked a strong advance in Indi- ana's material e(|uipment. The Normal's Recitation Hall was then erected. It stands just to the south- ward of Wilson Hall, completing the east wing of tin- quadrangle. A stately structure it is and one of the most beautiful on the campus. The dimensions are a frontage of one hundred thirty feet and a depth of one hundred twenty-three. The building is the school proper of the Normal and contains twenty-four large, beautiful rooms. The trustees honored themselves liv naming this building after one of their most widcK known and most faithful teachers, Jane E. Leonard. During that same year there was erected to the westward of the .south wing of John Sutton Hall another most beautiful and imposing structure, one hundred twenty-three by ninety-two feet in size and three stories high. In the basement of this building is the laundry and storage, while on the first floor are the kitchens, dining-rooms, and the Steward's office; the Musical ("onservalor\- occupies the second story, while the third floor is u.sed as a dormitory. This building is known as Thomas Sutton Hall, in honor of the Presidenl of the Board of Trustees. During the past few years something more than $5o,o(X) have been spent in improving the institution's |il.[iii. the most noteworthy improvement being the erection of a cold storage plant in connection with the refectory. This cold storage plant is pronounced by experts to be one of the very best in all the country. It enables the school to manufacture its own ice, and to furnish its students at all times with the choicest fresh meats. During the past year two notable additions to otir buildings have been made — an anne.x to the dining- liall, sealing from eighty to one hundred; and an annex to the girls' dormitory, accommodating si.xly- two girls. The dining-room anne.x contains a very large fireijlace, which promotes good cheer and helps the ventilation materialh'. The annex to the girls' dormitory affords to each two girls occupying it a suite consisting of a sitting-room and bedroom. There are two large wardrobe closets, one for each uirl. In tlic bedroom each girl has her own bed, and there is a porcelain kualory supplied with hot and cold water. No dormitory, however high the charges of the school, affords its occupants better rooms than tliese. This building is practically fire-proof, and its b.uhroom.s — one on every floor — are tiled and finished in Italian marble. Occupants of these rooms pay from seventy-five cents to one dollar a week extra. Indiana's student growth has never been phenom- enal, but it has been sure, and has increased from 328, the total enrollment of that first term liack in 1875. to nearl)' 1,500, the number for the year just closed, the largest in its history. Page 26 Material Equipment ^ f^^ PENNSYLVANIA STATE NOR-lVlAL SCHOOL m Pajic 28 ^>mm^ PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL Material Equipment The Buildings These have alreadN been quile fully described. They all are built of stone and brick in the most sub- stantial manner, and are heated by steam, direct or indirect, with the fan system. The main building, used as the girls' residence, is equipped with a large hy- draulic passenger elevator, running from the base- ment to the top floor, which makes the upper floors more desirable in some respects than the l<iwer ones. During the past year the Trustees had an additional passenger elevator installed in this building. This elevator has double the capacity of the old one, which is still in first-class condit on, and in daily use. The new elevator is of the electric type. It was installed by the Otis Elevator Company, and is one of the very best manufactured by that noted concern. This entire building is heated by steam and lighted by electricity. Every floor is supplied with an abun- dance of hot and cold water, and the bathrooms, lava- tories and water-closets are of the most approved patterns. On account of our method of lighting and heating, the possibility of a fire is small, while danger from it is reduced to a minimim by ample arrangements for extinguishment, and by fire-escapes aliundantly pro- \ided for each floor and for each room. Two new and improved fire-escapes were added this past year. In brief, this immense building is planned and fur- n'shed throughout for the ciMuenience, safety and success of its occupants. Each student's room is luniislied with a bedstead, a bureau, a washstand with necessary china, two chairs, a study table and a neat case of bookshelves. All rooms are carpeted and have plain shades to the windows. The night watchmen have their headquarters in this building, and make the rounds of all the buildings on the campus four times each night. Each student's room in the boys' dormitory is fur- nished with two single iron bedsteads, a bureau, a wash- stand with necessary china, two chairs, and a study- table. The windows are provided with jjlain shades. I ^^fpfs Room in Sutton Hall ^ Page 29 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NOR,]VlAl_ SCHOOL A Class at W.irk in Phy The Laboratories For jihysics, chemistry iind biology are located on the first floor of Leonard Hall. F'ew. if any, normal s<-hools in this country are better equipped for science work than is Indiana. These laboratories are supplied with every neces- sary iiwlrUMU'iil and i(iuipincnt for iiuii\idual slu(l\-. The Library A good reference lil)rar\- is accessible every day to all students. Here arc found the leading encyclo- pedias, dictionaries and other standard reference book's, historical charts. mai)s and other conveniences so essential to successful student life. There is also a large Iibrar\' of choice works of his- tor\'. biography and literature free to all students. It is not the aim to mass books merely for the sake ot making a large lil)rar\'; but wcdoaim to ha\-e every u^ai)le book and periodical. The additions to the library during thu \'ear will aggregate alx)ut five hundred \-olumes. In conncclKin with ihc --upjiliid u il h ricwspaitcis XiiuTic.iii ii()\, \nu riraii iuluialiun. Anuritaii Monies and ("«ar<lrns, Anuritan Journal of Niirsiny, Anirrican Journal of P^\(liolt)^y Living Aj^t-, lilirarv' is a reading-room, and pt-riodicals as follows: Ladifs' Home Journal, Leslie's WVeklv. Life, Literary Digest, Anuiican Magazine, Ann ritaii Primary Teacher, Ailantie Monthly, liookman, HLukwood's Edinburgh Maga- zine, business lulneator, ( entury, Chautauqua, Collier's ( 'oluinhi.i rni\'ersit>' Quarterly. Outing, Manual Training Magazine, McClure's. Munsey's, Musiral Courier. National Stoeknian and Farmer. Nature, Nineteenth Century, Normal Instructor, North American Review, Outlook, ( osmopolitan. Craftsman. Current Literature, Dietetic and Hygiene C.azette, Delineator, F~-ducation, Educational Review, i-!lementary School Journ.il, Ktude, I'-\er>body's, Forum, I larper's Bazar, 1 Iarp<'r's M()rilhly, Harper's Weekly, Independent, International Studio, J udge, Pi-dagogical Scminar>', IVnnsylvania School Journal Poimlar Fducalor, Popular Science Monthly, Primary Fducation, Primar>' Plans, Psychological Hulletin, IV\'choIi)gical Re\ iew, i*ul>lic Liljraries, Recreation, Review of Reviews, Saturday I-'vening Post, School Arts Hook, School Hoard Journal, School and Home Education, School Review, Scribner's. Page 30 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORl^dAL SCHOOL School Science and Mathe- matics, Scientific American, Scientific American Sui)pli.-mcnt Survey, St. Nicholas, Teachers' College Record, World Today, World's Work, Youth's Companion. We tliank tht- iniMishers for the following publica- tions: Apollo News-Record, Barnesboro Star. Brookville Republican. Butler Citizen, Christian Advocate, Christian Statesman, Church News, Clearfield Republican, County Journal, Daily News (Kittanning), Greensburg Daily Tribune, Indiana Democrat, Indiana Gazette, (Daily and Weekly), Iruliana Messenger, Indi.tna Progress, Indiana Times, Jeffersonian Democrat, Jeannette Dispatch. Johnstown Democrat. Johnstown Journal. Kittanning Free Press, Latrobe Bulletin, Ligonier Echo, Marion Center Independent, Mversdale Commercial, Oil City Derrick, Pennsylvania Herald, Philadelphia Press (Daily), Pittsburg Chronicle Telegraph, (Daily). Pittsburgh Dispatch (Daily), Pittsburgh Gazette (Daily), Pittsburgh Post (Daily), Presbyterian Banner, Punxsutawney News, Punxsutawney Spirit, Republican Standard, Rural X'alley Advocate, United Presbyterian. Vandergrift Citizen. The Infirmary Is pleasanth' located in a retired portion of the south wing of John Sutton Hall. This Infirmary, by every physician who has ever seen it, has been pronounced to be one of the finest and best in the state. It con- tains three tiled bathrooms, a dispensary, a kitchen and dining-room, nurses' private quarters, ample closets, ward for girls, private room for girls, ward for boys, and private room for boys. The west end is fitted for boys, the east f(jr girls. These two apart- ments are separate and distinct, being divided by a hall. Every sanitary precaution is here taken, and every j^-^ .Vl-v**'1^^ ■i K^ •U^ ft !* V\j^^i^i^b^hHB||[H m In the Library 1 necessary arrangement is provided fur (he intelligent care of the sick. A graduate nurse is always in charge. Many a serious illness has been averted by early caring for tfie student in this Infirmary. The excellent health of our girls is proverbial, and the Infirmary is resfion- sible in no small degree for it. No e.\tra charge is made for care in the Infirmary, not even for the con- sumption of common remedies, a stock of which is always on hand. But in case the illness is such as to require the care of a physician or special nursing, the student pays that cost, and the cost of filling the phy- sician's prescriptions. At some distance from the main buildings, and oft" the campus, the Institution main- tains a small hospital to which cases are confined if there is cause to suspect contagion. In short, every precaution is taken to protect ihe Page 31 GIRLS WARD IN THE INFIRMARY "i-m PENNSYLVANIA STATE NOR:mAL SCMOOL health of the Indiana student; and during more than a third of a century Ijul two deaths have occurred in the Institution, and it has never suffered from an epidemic, notwithstanding the thousands who have been under its care. Students, who because of severe or prolonged illness have to be transferred to a private hospital, have to pay the expense incurred at such institution and the cost of the transfer. Students, who because of suffering Irom a con- tagious disease have to be removed to the school hos- pital, have to pay five dollars a week while in the hos- pital for nursing, and no deducti<jn is made from the regular term payments. Boarding The boarding depart iiieiit (jf this school is under the charge of a Steward of wide experience. All who visit the Institution are delighted with its beautiful, spacious dining-room, and its immaculately clean kitchens, fitted up with every modern appliance of worth. The kitchen is presided over by an expert chef. There are four assistant cooks. The great bake- ovens are in the basement. We bake all our bread (white, Vienna, Graham, whole wheat, corn-bread and l)iscuit), pies and puddings. A professional baker has charge of the ovens. All water served on our tables is from our own wells, drilled to a depth of more than two hundred feet. Each table seats from eight to twelve and so far as possible is presided over by a teacher. It is the Steward's aim to provide good, substantial, wholesome food. While it is plain, it is always the best quality to be found on our markets. It is doubtful if there is another school in the country, whatever its character or charges, that pro- vides a greater variety of, or more wholesome, food for its students than does Indiana. Our bills-of-fare \ary with the seasons. Ice-cream is regularly served twice a week. Special meals are prepared for the sick. Students are permitted to room and board with private families, or to room in private homes and take meals in the school, at the discretion of the Principal only. Laundry The Institution owns a first-class Laundry, and has it under the management of competent people. The Page 33 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NOR-MAL SCMOOL price of board licrc inrludos frco laiiniir\ in ihc extent of ten plain pieces a week, in addition to towels and najjkins. In the basement of the girls' residence is a place to do washing and ironing for the use of girls only, and many of them attend to the laundering of their own hainlkerchiefs and other sm.ill [)ieces. Outfit, Rooms. Washing Outfit. — Students are expected to pro\iile them- selves with towels, table napkins, soa|) and other need- ful toilet articles. Roo.MS. — Students in actual attendance at the close of one term are entitled to preference in the choice of rooms for the next term. But room will be reserved, in girls' dormitories, for such of the above students onl\- as make a tlei)osit of five dollars with the school. If the student making deposit returns at the opening of the ne.xt term and claims her room, the deposit of five df)llars will be deducted from the regular pay- ment then to be made; otherwise, the depo.sit is for- feited to the school. All other students are entitled to choice of rooms in the orrler of the receipt of their ai)plic,ition. No rooms, selected by or for students, will be held for them beyond the second day of the term, except upon special agreement to that cfifect, and charge will in all cases be made for rooms thus held. Each room is intended to accommodate two board- ers, and the scale of prices given in this catalogue is arranged accordingly. Where the student, by his own choice, occupies a room alone, an extra charge will be made. Students may not room alone, excejjt with the permission of the school's authorities. W.\siiixr,. — Each student is entitled to the washing of ten plain pieces in addition to towels and napkins. All articles sent to the laundry must be plainK marked with the name of the owner in .some indelible form, and should be in a laimdry-bag. , Location The iMslilulion is fortunate in its location, the site being one of great natural beauty, while the surround- ing town is charactcristicalb' beautiful, and has de\el- oped those moral influences .so desirable in the seat of an institution of learning. The town has a population of more than 6,000, and maintains churches of the lollowing denominations: Methodist Kpiscopal, Free Methodist, Kpiscopal, Presbyterian, I'niled Presby- Page 34 FENNSY1_VA.N1 A ©TATE NOR.3VLA.L SCHOOL ^^ ■II II* Page 35 .11 II. PENNSYLVANIA STAXE N0T2,]VIAL SCMOOL lerian. ("atluilir. I.inliiTan. Bapli^l, \\\'slc\an Baplisi, ("icrnian Lutlicraii and Christian. ("irowth and improvement have cspccialK- marked Indiana in the past few years, and bid fair to continue. Many blocks of e.xcellent brick paving ha\e iieen laid, and contracts for many more lia\e Iieen let. The place is reached by rail wilhoiil ditl^icully, being the northern terminus of (he "Indiana Branch" of the Pennsylvania, the change from the main line being made at Blairsville Intersection, where the Indiar.a train awaits the main-line train. The Indiana Branch connects at Blairsville with the West Penn. Division. Indiana is also on the Buffalo, Rochester and I'ilt^^- burgh, which gi\es connections with all northern points. The Institution is within ten minutes' walk of either depot. The Pennsylvania slops all its Irairs at the "Campus Landing" on the first day of each term. Both the railwa\s \ni\ on e.\lra coaches at the opening of each term in order to accommodate all, if possilile, with seats. During the jiasl year, the l'(iins\l\ania has run a special train for Indiana students only, from our campus direct to the I'nion Station at Pittsburgh, at the close of each term. The train is chaperoned by teachers. The Company will continue this custom, a courtesy greatly appreciated by the school, and its man>' patrons. Telephone connection can be made from the main building with all leading jioinls. Reference has been made to Indiana's naturalh' beautiful location. Here in the fool-hills of the Alle- ghanies, thirteen hundred feet above sea-level, with a clear, pure atmosphere, its inhabitants have always been free from miasmic or malarial complaints. For more than a third of a centur\- the health record of the school has been iiheiionienal. Page 36 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORTvIAL SCHOOL Our campus, comprising twcnty-lhrcc acres, lias its natural l)eauty greatly enhanced by the constant care of a landscape gardener; but its beauty is much more graphically told than mere words can do, by the photographic reproductions running through this vol- ume. It is the belief of the Institution's authorities that such surroundings are a potent factor in the upbuild- ing of the student's character. Purpose and Function of This School PennsyKania, in coninmn with most "I the Ameri- can States, realized practically from its founding the necessity of an educated citizenshi|3. It is a.xiomatic that a just and efficient government must and will be controlled and administered by the educated; hence, the genius of our government im]ilies an educated citi- zenship. This attitude of the State toward the in- struction of its people makes it the one competent agency in supplying qualified teachers for its schools. This, the State of Pennsylvania does through its Pub- lic Normal Schools, whose function is the preparation of teachers for the common schools of the State. The learning and training imparted by the State through its Normal Schools has not for its purpose the better- ing of the condition of one class of persons at the pub- lic expense; the school does not exist for the l.ienefit of its students .simply, but for the benefit of the whole people, and its work is done with the general welfare always in view. It is sometimes declared by some well-meaning critic that the normal should be "a purely professional school," meaning that the school should not do aca- demic work, but devote itself to the teaching of peda- gogics, psychology, the philosophy of education, etc. All e.xperienced trainers of teachers realize the in- efficiency of such work. Those so trained rarely make successful teachers. As well might medical students devote their time to the stud\' of diagnosis and the theor>' of disease, apart from materia medica and the common diseases encountered in actual practice. The average high school graduate has been away from the common school subjects for from four to five years. His knowledge of those subjects was obtained at an immature age. In his normal school course they must lie reviewed from the standpoint of a teacher. His view will be very different from the view he had as a child. The normal school must not only teach how to teach, but what to teach and the educational value of study subjects. True, it cannot and ^\^tv■-• mil con- I Page 37 PENNSYLVANIA STATE N0R,1V[AL SCHOOL fine its courses to tonniion school suljjccts, rcali/iiii; the ricccssit>' of liaving the content of its courses liroad and cultural. These facts make the normal school a desirable institution in which to obtain a general edu- cation for any purpose in life. More and more, far- seeing parents have recognized this, and have insisted upon the privilege of paying full tuition for having their children educated in the normal school, thus benefiting 1)\' its peculiar excellence. For thousands of years, thoughtful men have re- alized the peculiar educational and cultural value of music, and its p.sychological effect in gi\ing tone and sanity to mental life. American educational leaders believe in music as a school slud\-, and insist upon the common-school teacher's possessing a lair degree of musical knowledge and ability. To meet this demand in training, the leading normal schools have founded strong departments of music. The department at In- diana has grown into a well-e(|uipped Conservatory, second to none in this section of the countr>\ The life of a community determines the practical side of its school education. .America is a business country; hence, in its cities everywhere high .schools are offering business courses. To jjrepare teachers for this class of high-school work, this Normal main- tains a Business School. So thorough and excellent is the course that many graduate from it, not to teach, but to take up business careers. In short, it is the ])urpose of this Institution to prepare teachers for every grade and kind of teaching of wide demand. Discipline All (|uestions of internal organization in a school must be deternu'ned by the fundamental conception of the function of the school. In determining the nature and character of discipline in a normal school, the function of the institution makes it necessary that it be but slightly, if at all, reformatory in its nature. The general welfare of the Stale would not be promoted b\' licensing one of evil tendencies or certain shortcom- ings to teach in the schools of the commonwealth. It is, therefore, the policy of the administrative authorities to ask any student who does not conduct herself or himself in all things as become the la<l>' or gentleman, or who is found not to be adapted to the life and work of the school for other reasons, to with- draw from the Institution. In the government of tlii' school, the largest liberty consistent with good work and order is allowed. The disciplinary power of the Institution is brought to bear :i Page 38 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL upon the student, ouh- to bring him to a rational under- standing of freedom, and to lead him to such self- government as will make him capable in the future of wisely governing others who shall become his pupils. It is the desire and aim of the Faculty to make the government in the school ethical in its basis. Religious Influences This school is not denominational in any sense. Its authorities, however, aim to make it a place of gentle but positive Christian influence. To this end family worship is hekl daily, and students arc rec|uiretl to at- tend the churrh(if their own choice on Sunday mornings. The Y. M. C. A. and the Y. W. C. A. aid in the religious culture of all whose homes are in the Insti- tution. They include a large portion of the students. The.se associations havechargeof the Thursday evening prayer-meetings, and hold a joint meeting Sunday even- ings. Endeavor is made to promote Sal)bath observance. Students are thus encouraged to become Christian workers, and school life is made to minister to the v\v- vation of Christian life. Besides these associations, there are various others f if a practical type and in a highly pros[KT()us condition. The denominations that maintain churches in In- diana were mentioned in describing the School's location. The Lecture Course The Institution maintains an excellent free leclure course for its student body. On this course is always to be found the best obtainable talent. During the past season our students had the pri\ilege of hearing in the Chapel, among others — Jacob Riis. Redpath Grand Quartette, Music. Leiand T. Powers, Dramatic Reader. Nox McCain (Three Lectures), Travel Studies. J. S. Martin, Civil Reform. John Kcndrick Bangs, Lecture. John Mitchell (on Labor Unions). Social Life The residence of the >oung ladies and that of the young gentlemen who attend this Institution are en- tirely .separate. All use the same dining-room, how- ever, which adds greatly to the social and cultural lifeof the school. All social events in which the sexes mingle are imdcr the direct charge of a faculty committee. Page 39 ^0^^ FENNSYLVAlSriA STATE NORIMAL SCHOOL Student Organizations Literary Societies The Pjodrlpliian Literary Socifly was foiuKled dur- ing the first jears of the School. Its purpose is to give students an opportunity for |>ractice in public speaking, and parlianientar\' ladies. The Hii>ghenian is a .similar sixiels'. Both these organizations ha\e well-furnished halls, where the>- hold fortnightly meet- ings. The annual contest between these two societies has come to be an event in the life of the school, rivaled only by Commencement. The Lincoln Debating Club The l.iriciilTi l)el)ating ("lub is a new organization fur men students. Its purpose is to develop ready and useful public speakers. The niembershi|) is limited to fifty, and these are di\ide(l into three sections, each section debating every third week. The regular program consists of a prc- |)ared debate on some serious question of the day and im|)romptu speeches on current topics. 1 he club has the benefit of a Faculty coach. Fraternities OmetJa Chi The Heta (haplrr of the Omega Chi frateriiit>- was installed here in May, Kjoi). The organization has grown steadiK' in strength and inlluence, and is proud to number among its members some of tlie ablest boys in the school. It is heartily in favor of clean athletics, and as most of the boys are in some of the teams, it exerts its influence in that direction. At present it has some twelve active membi-rs in school. Delta Phi Sigma The Beta Chapter of the Delta Phi Sigma I'rater- iiil\ was organized Februar>' 2g, igo8. I'he purpose ill the fraternit\' is to promote the general welfare of ils members, (iood moral and intellectual standing in the school is re(|Miri'd for membership. Sororities Phi Kappi Pi The Ciamma Chapter of the Phi Kappa Pi was or- g.mized at Indiana in T()02 with a charter membership of 5. The ( h.iplcr at prcseiil Numbers 16. Page 40 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL Pi Kappi Sigma The Zeta Chapter of Pi Kappa Sigma, a normal school sorority, was organized here in March, U)0(). It supjilenicnts the social and literary training of its members, and maintains a scholarship and conduct test for membershi|i eligibility. Agonian Sorority, Alpha Kappa Phi The Grand Chapter of the Normal School Sorority, Alpha Kap|)a Phi, at their convocation in 1910, granted a charter to a club of girls in our school, and recently installed them as a regular chapter in the fraternity. The organization is of many years' standing and is particularly strong in the State of New York, the Alpha Chapter Ijeing located at Geneseo. Alpha Kappa Phi is a link between College frater- nities and normal school literary societies, the purpose being t(j get from school life the highest possible good, mental, moral and social. Teachers are admitted as active members. Christian Associations The studenls maintain two religious organizations — the Y. M. C. A. and the Y. W. C. A. These asso- ciations hold regular weekly meetings for devotional purposes, and occasional social gatherings. The meet- ings are a source of strength and help to the >oung people. The associations are factors for good in the School, and new students are cordially invited to identify themselves with them. Committees of the two associations meet all trains at the beginning of the terms to assist and direct new students. Each of the associations has a furnished hall for its meetings. Alumni Association Indiana has graduated nearly two thousand teachers, and they constitute a loyal and enthusiastic band of supporters for their Alma Mater. The Alumni Asso- ciation has been a useful factor, indeed, in the up- liuilding of the School. Its services have been num- erous and varied. But it is hoped that its influence may be made even more potent. No school can accomplish great things without the aid of a loyal and enthusiastic alumni. Let us not forget the fact that in our union rests the strength that will make us a success in our professional lift — that it is (he Page 41 FENNSYUVANIA ©TAXE NORIVLAL SCHOOL excellence of our work that gives reputation to our Alma Mater, and that her reputation is ours. The Association holds an annual reunion at ("oni- mencenient time. There is both a business meeting and a banquet. Athletics The Institution's reputation in athletics is so well known that comment is scarcely necessary here; the Footliall and Baseball teams have for years won a big majority of the season's games, and the Track Team has been the champion team among schools of our rank for years in Pennsylvania and surrounding states. This Institution pa>s nothing to the men on its teams, directly or indirectly, and all such men must be bona fide students. Our men pla>- for tlu- l(i\e of the sport and the glory of Indiana. Ho-w to Enter the School Upon arrival at Indiana, come at once to tlu' Nor- mal, l)Ut a short distance southwest of the Pennsylvania depot, and southeast of the B. R. and P. depot. The Registrar's ofifice is just to the left of the north entrance of the main building. All preliminary arrangements will be made here, when the students will go to Leonard Hall just north of the main building, to be classified. No student is classified who does not show the Principal's receipt for payments required at entrance. After classification, constill with the Pre- ceptor or the Preceptress relative to the engagement of a room. Graduation In order to graduate from any Pennsylvania State Normal, the candidate must have passed e.\aminalio[i by the State Boartl, in each of the three >ears of the State Course — Junior, Middle and Senior. The Board will not examine a student in all three of these \ears at one time; they will e.vamine for the passing of l he- Junior and Middle years at one lime. Students who show themselves capable of the work and strain are permitted to prepare for this examination in one year, and are classed as Junior-Middlers. The last examination for [ter.sons taking the three- year course will be held in June, 1913. Cap and Gown The regulation cap and gown, sanctioned b>- the In- tercollegiate Bureau and Registry of Academic Cos- tume, are worn by the Seniors of this Institution, upon the proper occasions. The cost of the cap and gown ranges from S4.00 up. Page 42 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORIvIAL SCHOOL Suggestions to Prospective Students Come Early Success demands thai you l>e here early. Tardiness in the commencement of a term, or irregularity of attendance after the commencement, is a very serious hindrance to success. Be here and ready for work on the very first day and the very first hour of the term. Time for Thorough Work It often happens that an aniliitious young man or woman, limited in means, and desirous of commencing life's active labors as scjon as possible, determines to try to do two years' work in one, or that of three in two. Siicli a course is scarcely ever advisable. One essen- tial element in the teacher's preparation is time. Solid allainment is never a mushroom growth. Two years' work demands two years in which to do it well; and unless work is well done, the result will prove a source of regret through many years of mistakes, which might have been avoided had more thorough preparation been made. If you need more than a 3'ear for your work, and have only the means at command for one year's expenses at school, come for the year, and then, by remaining out of school for a time, make it possible to return and complete your course. It is not an absolute necessity that you graduate at a certain time; it is absolutely essential to your true success that you make thorough preparation. Visits Success demands concentration of thought. This is prevented by frequent visits at home or elsewhere, and usually time thus spent greatly hinders the progress of the student. Make few, if any, visits away from school. Your Own Books \\ hik- >iiu will hud man\' books of reference here, still it is advisable for you to bring all the books you have, that you may make pensonal and daily use of them. The haljit of such use is of incalculable im- portance, and the school life should ever minister to the formation of such habits as will lead to success in the after walks of life. Bring your books with you ; place them where you can conveniently use them, and by their use form a habit, the value of which you can never overestimate. iiin Page 43 PENN3YX-VANIA STATE IvTOR^J^AL SCHOOL Conform It is the school's interest and purpose to serve yon, liut this it can do hut poorly unless you conform lo the life of the Inslilution. Make up your mind to gel all the good out of the school you can. ("ome with the purpose of being happy in your work, of getting acipiainted and entering hearlil>- and cheerfully into the complete life of the school, making it all yours. The School's Reputation Yours The Indiana Xornial proposes to maintain a high standard of excellence, both as to scholarship and as to attainment of skill in teaching, ;ll Our imitiiry is, and will remain, imt Ikiw inan\ we can graduate, but how mans , and who, arc ihcjruughly prepared for graduation. For the sake of those who shall employ our teachers, and for the saki' of the teachers themselves, we desire to tnake our di|)lomas valuable and preserve to thetii their value; and we trust that you will appreciate the fact that \ou must yourself contribute tn so desirable an end. Rules for Final Examinations, Admission to the Middle and Senior Classes, Etc. (For atl tlie Normal Schools of Pennsylvania) 1. .Admission to the Senior Middle classes shall be tietermined by the State Board of Kxaminers at ihe annual examination by the Board. 2. In order to be admitteil lo the Middle cl.is> al any State Normal Sciiool, students must be examined by the State Board in all the Junior studies (except 1-aiglish (irammar and Arithmetic), and this examina- tion shall be final. Persons who desire to be admitted to the Middle class without ha\-ing previousl>- atten- ded a State Normal school must pass an examination b\- the Faculty in all the studies of the Junior year and !)>■ the State l^oard of Kxaminers in the academic studies of the Junior year (except the Senior review studies) and Plane Geometry, or the first book of Ca's.ir, and must complete School Management in the Middle year. ,S. In order to be admitted to the Senior class, studetits must be examined b\- the Slate Board in all the Middle year studies (excejit Methods), and this ex.imiuation shall be linal. Persons wh(j desire to be Page 44 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL admitted to the Senior class without ha\iiig previously attended a State normal school must pass an examina- tion by the Faculty and State Board in the academic studies of the entire course except the review studies of the Senior year, and must devote their time during the Senior year to the professional studies of the course, and the review studies. 4. If the Faculty of any State normal school, or the State Board of Examiners, decide that a person is not prepared to pass an examination by the State Board, he shall not be admitted to the same examinations at any other State normal school during the same school year. 5. If a person who has completed the examinations required for admission to the Middle or Senior class at any State normal school desires to enter another normal school, the Principal of the school at which the examination was held shall send the proper cerlili- cate to the Principal of the school which the person desires to attend. Except for the reason here stated, no certificate setting forth the passing of the Junior or Middle year studies shall be issued. 6. Candidates for graduation shall be examined In' the State Board in all branches of the Senior year, including English Grammer and Arithmetic. The\- shall have the opportunity of being examined in an\ higher branches, including vocal and instrumental music and double-entry bookkeeping; and all studies .-ompleted by them shall be named in their certificates. 7. Persons who have been graduated may be exam- ined by any State examination in any higher branches, and the Secretary of the Board of Examiners shall certify on the back of their diplomas to the passing of the branches completed at said examination. 8. A certificate setting forth the proficiency of all applicants in all studies in which they desire to be examined b\' the State Board uf E.xaniiners shall be prepared and signed l)y the Faculty and presented to the Board. The certificate for the studies of the Junior year shall also include the standing of applicants in the review studies in the Senior year. Regulations for Advanced Standing (At Indiana) I. Graduatesof Accredited High Schoolsshall, with- out previous examination by the Faculty, be ad- mitted to the Junior examination given by the State Board. Page 45 PJENNSYX.VANIA STATE NORJVLAL SCHOOL The passing of this examination adniils to the Middle Year of the School. 2. Students who have done two or more years' hii^li school work may enter the Middle year of the Normal ; and if they do satisfactory work throughout the year, they shall be admitted to the Junior and the Middle examinations given by the State Board ; provided, they present a certificate from the Principal of their high school, stating that the Junior work, as outlined for this school, has lieen satisfactorily done in whole or in part, and provitled they have done all Junior work not covered by the certihcate, to the satisfaction of the Faculty. 3. Students holding Permanent Certificates will be credited with the subjects named on their certificates. Professional (erlilicales will be treated indi\idiially. 4. Advanci'd standing ma>' also be obtained on work done in other State normals or colleges; but each in- dividual case will be acted ujion by the Connnitlee on •Advanced Standing, at the time application lor the standing is made. 5. Subjects included in the regular courst- of the \oriual School, but not included in the High School, or other course on which advanced standing is bast-d, must be studied at the Normal, in order to graduation. Note. — Ttic State Board examinations in all years will be given at the Sute Normal Sclujol. Indiana. Pa., l»y the Sute Board on a date near the Commencement. Those who are to Utke these examinations, and these exami- nations only, should be here on the day Ijefore that date. Those, however, who are to take the preliminao' examinations before the Faculty should he here a week earlier. Examination of Practical Teachers The Normal School law makes il ihr duly of the State Board of Kxaminers to grant diplomas or State certificates to actual teachers t)f common schools, with- out their having attended the Normal school as students, upon the following conditions. I. The ap|)licant must be twenty-one years of age, Page 46 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORTvIAL SCHOOL of good moral character, and must have taught suc- cessfully in the common schools of this State during three consecutive annual terms immediately preceding the examinations. The proof of good moral character, and satisfactory teaching for the required time, must be a certificate from the pro[)er Board or Boards of Directors, signed by the President and Secretary and countersigned by the proper Superintendent or Su- perintendents. 2. The examination may be in either the Regular or the Supplementary Course, as the applicant may elect, according to the list of studies as printed in the cir- culars of the State Normal Schools and approved by the State Superintendent, or in such other studies as may, by the Board of Examiners, be deemed ccjuivalent. T,. Each applicant is required to prepare and present to the State Board of Examiners an original thesis of not less than six folio pages "of manuscript, on some professional subject, which thesis is to be retained at the .school where the examination takes place. 4. The examination and certificate arc without ex- pense to the applicant, and the certificate is full evidence of qualification to teach the branches therein named, in an>- part of the State, without further examination. 5. Practical teachers attending examinations at the State Normal Schools for tile purpose of procuring State Certificates are examined separately from the regular students, and both the State Board of Exam- iners and the facult>- of the school at which the ex- amination is held take part in the examination, all being required to sign the certificate. Certificate and Diploma The State Normal Certificate is issued to tliose who are graduated. It entitles the holder to teach in the pulilic schools of the State for two years without further examination. The State Normal Diploma is issued to graduates who have taught in the common schools of the State for two full annual school terms of not less than seven months each after graduation, and who present certificates of successful teaching from each of the school boards, countersigned by the county, city or borough superintendent. It is furnished with- out charge, unless the name is to be engrossed, in which case one dollar is charged. Pa^e 47 PENNSYIA^NIA SXAXE NORIVIAL SCHOOL Degrees Oraduates of Stale Normal Schools, in the Regular course, and graclualcs of accreditefl colleges may lie- come candidates for the degrees of Bachelor of Peda- gogics (Pd. B.) and Master of Pedagogics (Pd. M.). To obtain these degrees, candidates must be examined by the Faculty and the State Board upon the studies of the Supplementary Course. Three years' success- ful teaching in the public schools of the State since graduation (or two years in the case of candidates who taught in the Model School) will lie required of all candidates for the degree of Master of Pedagogics, in addition to the branches of Stud\- indicated in the Supplementary Course. Attendance at a State Normal School during the entire Senior year will be required of all candidates for graduation; but candidates for a pedagogical degree ma\- prepare the required work in absentia. Supplementary Course for the Decrees {In aJditinn to the Regular Course) Leading to the Degree of Bachelor of Pedagogics Philosophy of Education l^HorncJ; Advanri'd Psychology ( jaincs, Briefer C-ourse). Discussion of Kducational yuosiions (iCchirational Aims and Educational Values, ilanus); or. School Supervision, in- cluding School Law (Our Schools, Chancelhir); IVnnsylvania School Laws; Devices for Teaching (Teaching of Elementary Mathematics, Smith); Educational Theoiies, etc. (Education as Development, O'Shca.) School Apparatus and Appliances, Description, I'se and Preparation (Physical Nature of the Child, kowe). Leading to the Degree of Master of Pedagogics Two years' teaching after graduation m the Regular Course. Professional Reading with Abstracts: I iistor\' of Ethnalion in the United Slates (Bcjone), ICuropean Schools (Klemni). Systems of Educati<m (Parsons). Sanitar>' Science, School Architecture, etc. School Hygiene (Shaw). Thesis. A full equi\'alent will be accepted for any of the le\t books named al>ove. 'I'he course in reading and classics for all the courses shall be determined by the Board of Principals at their annual meeting, and shall be the same for all Normal Schools. \. B. — Candidates for degrees pay a fee of five dollars, to cover expense of examination. Page 48 '^mm^ PENNSYUVANlA STATE NORIVIAL SCMOOL a ^SiJaT^"' — . . . r~~~~~zr~ . ■TsaSffS Page 49 ^^^m^ F»ENNSYI_VANIA STATE NOR^lVlAL SCHOOL Statement of Expenses Full year. 40 weeks. Fall term, 15 weeks. Winter term. 13 weeks. Spring term. 12 weeks. •Total charge (including enrollment fee. board, room. heat. light S166 00 226 00 F'ree. 6 00 66 00 40 00 S62 00 84 50 Free. 2 00 24 50 15 00 6 00 12 00 15 00 10 00 554 00 73 50 Free. 2 00 21 50 13 00 5 00 10 00 14 00 8 00 S50 00 68 00 Free. 2 00 20 00 12 00 4 00 9 00 13 00 7 00 Total charge (including enrollment fee, tuition, board, room, heat, 'Tuition for day students preparing to teach Total charge for daj' students not preparing to teach Extras — Drawins T\'pt'writinK Shorthand Elocution. — Two les^on^ per wt-i-k lpri\'atii One lesson per week (private; The cost of books is an item of expense that cannot be determined, because a student can take a longer or shorter program as he may elect, and because he may own part of the books that he will need; but it has been found, by long c.vpericnce, that the average rental for books amounts to about $1.50 per term. Vacation and transient board. Si. 00 per day; lunch only, St. 00 per week. A few rooms have been recently fitted up on the seccmd floor of John Sutton Hall for which a special price is charged. There are also in various parts of the building, a few suites for which an extra charge is made. In the .-Knne.v an extra charge of from seventy- five cents to one dollar a week for each occupant is made. These rooms come en suite, each occupant has her own bed and wardrobe, and the liedrooms are supplied with lavatories furnishing both hot and cold water. Girls occupying rooms for which no extra charge is made will pay fifteen cents extra per week if single beds are provided, to meet the extra expense of laundry for bed linen. We have a very limited number of small rooms that are let for single occupancy, at an extra charge of seventy-five cents a week. In case a student is permitted to occupy a double room alone, she must pay one dollar a week for the privilege. If the room is one for which extra rent is charged, the txcupant. in addition to the above-mentioned charge of one dollar, must pay thi- full extra that two girls would pay. For instance, if a student were occu[)ying alone one of the best suites in the .Annex, she would pay three dollars per week extra. With a room-mate, in the same room, she would pay but one dollar extra per week. *FREE TUITION. — The State pays the tuition of students who comply with the conditions set forth in the following statute passed by the Legislature of Penns>'Ivania in loos: "For each student 17 years of age, who shall sign an agreement binding said student to teach in the common schools of this State two full annual terms, there shall be paid the sum of one dollar and fifty cents a week in full payment of the expenses of tuition of said students. "Provided, That each student in a State Normal School, drawing an allowance from the State, must receive regular instruction in the science and art of teaching in a special class devoted to that subject for the whole time for which such an allowance is drawn. In case of a deficit in the State appropriation, students at the different State Normal Schools will receive their pro rata share of the appropriation, and will be required to pay balance to the school. Amount and Time of Payments At beginning of Term — F»I1 Term All day students taking State .'\id will pas $2 00 All day students not taking State Aid will pay 24 50 All boarding students will pay 62 00 The above pajiiients include the enrollinenl fee. Page 50 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORNIAL SCHOOL At middle of term, October 30th, all bills for extra room rent, music, extra charges for any courses outside the regular normal courses, etc., are due from all students. The regular normal tuition amounting to $22.50 is also due at this time from boarding students not taking State Aid. Boarding students who are seventeen years of age, or over, and are preparing to teach in this State, do not have the regular normal tuition to pay. Such students, unless they have incurred extras as mentioned above, have only the first payment of $62.00 to make during this term. At beginning of Term— Wmter Term Ail day students taking State Aid will pay $2 00 All day students not taking State Aid will pay 21 50 All boarding students W'ill pay 54 00 At middle of Term, February 12th, bills covering the same items as for the middle of the Fall Term fall due. The regular normal tuition for the Winter Term is $19.50. At beginning of Term : ^p"°« "^"^ All day students taking State Aid will pay $2 00 All day students not taking State Aid will pay 20 00 All boarding students will pay 50 00 At middle of Term, May 20th, bills covering the same items as for the middle of the Fall Term fall due. The regular normal tuition for the Spring Term is $18.00. Ho^v to Pay Bills An "enrollment fee" of two dollars for each term is charged all students, and is included in all first payments. This fee entitles the student to a ticket of admission to all athletic events, the course of the University Extension lectures and all other lectures under the auspices of the school. Slate Aid is not credited before the end of the term. Bank Drafts, Checks, Express and P. O. Orders are accepted. Payments must be made, or satisfactorily pro- vided for, before students are assigned to classes. Students desiring to leave school before the close of the term must report to the Principal and settle any unpaid accounts. Visitors expecting to remain more than three days are requested to make arrangements in advance with the Principal. All bills are payable to the Principal. ;i Page 51 PENNSYXA^NIA SXAXE NORMLA.L SCHOOL Statement of Expenses in Conservatory Incidental fee, all students Board, room, heat, light and laundr> TriTION FOR Fl'LL CofRSE I-'uU fourse in t-ithi-r \'oicf. Piano, Organ or Violin, - SiipLTvisor's CuursL- for students preparing to tearh Supervisor's Course for students not preparing to teach Private Lessons Two lessons per week in either Voice, Piano, Organ or Violin. One lesson per week Class Lessons — Two pupils in a class. Two lessons per week in either Voice, Piano, Organ or \'ioliii. , . One lesson per week Two lessons per week in either Harmony, Counterpoint, Analysis or History of M usic Juvenile Course One lesson per week, two pupils in a class. . . Rent of Instruments Rent of Piano (45 minutes per day) kL-nt of I'ipe (Jrgan (45 minutes per day) Full year, 40 weeks Fall term, IS weeks Winter term. 13 weeka Spring term. 12 weeks S 6 00 160 00 S 2 00 60 00 S 2 o<) 52 00 S2 00 48 00 120 00 95 00 155 00 45 00 35 00 58 00 39 00 31 00 52 00 36 00 29 00 45 00 75 00 45 00 27 50 =4 5" 15 00 23 00 12 00 30 00 19 ,50 12 00 17 00 i(.) on "5 50 8 00 15 00 5 00 5 oti 5 00 20 00 7 50 6 50 6 00 7 50 30 00 2 50 10 00 2 5" 10 (K> 2 50 10 DO N. B. — Ail pupils taking tlie Juvenile Course will be required to pay the full term tuition in advance. AH others pay one-half term in advance. No reductions arc made for lessons lost except in extreme cases of protracted iltnesw. N. B. — Students who desire more than two periods a day for piano practice will be given a discount of 50 cents a term for each additional period. Deductions and Refunds No (Icflurtion is made for absence the first two or the last three weeks of a term, for any cause whatever. For absence four consecutive weeks or more on account of the student's personal ilhiess, tjne-half the paid-in charges for the time lost is refunded; provided the student's iihysiciiin in attendance certifies that the illness was of such a character as to render the student unaljle to attend school. .'\ proper blank for this cer- tificate will be furnished b\ the school. When a student drops out of a strong and popiil.ir school, he vacates a place that might ha\e been occu- pied by another who would have remained through llu- term. The school's expenses for liglit, heat, etc., are not lessened by the student's dropping out. The teach- ers who could teach him still remain and draw llicir .salaries. For these reasons some of the best coinlucled schools will make no refunds for ;iny cause, but insist upon a full year's pa\inent in advance, against which no claims will be recognized. Indiana, however, as Page 52 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL indicated above, will share the loss with the parent or guardian where the absence is caused by the student's sickness. In cases of light illness, a student will be cared for in our infirmary. No charge will be made for nursing. If the attendance of a physician is needed, the student must meet his charge. In case of serious illness, it will be necessary for the student to be removed either to her home or a private hospital, in which case the student must meet the charges. The school maintains a small hospital to which per- sons suffering from a contagious disease are removed. Students occupying this hospital are charged five dol- lars a week for general care, not including that of a physician or trained nurse. No deduction from the regular charges of the Institution is made for such students because of time lost from their classes. The Infirmary of this institution, with wards for both sexes, private rooms, dispensary, baths, buffet, etc., is one of the best and most complete to be found. It is at all times in charge of a professional nurse, of wide c.\|)crience. A Comparison of School Expenses We are often asked b>' prospect i\'e students and parents contemplating the education of a son or daugh- ter, if the charges at Indiana are reasonable. For the information of such we offer the following compari- sons: Indiana's charge for a full year of 40 weeks, for all fees, tuition, board, room, heat, light and laundr>-, in the Normal Department, is from $166 to $226. The best of the smaller colleges of our State, such as Haverford, Lafayette and Swathmore, charge for board, room and tuition, e.xclusive of laundry and sometimes class fees, from feoo to $575 per year. T The Old East Steps M Phillips Academy in Massachusetts gives $465 as "moderate" for tuition, board and room for one year, and $595 as "liberal." As an example of the cost of attending one of the great universities of high grade, we mention Prince- ton, where the average cost is $568 a year. Many of the country's best private schools charge from $600 to $1,500 a year, and the year in such schools seldom exceeds 36 weeks in length. The State Normal is not designed to be a money- making institution; hence, its charges are kept down to the actual cost of maintenance. Text Books Stationery and text books used in the Institution can be purchased at the book room in the main build- Page 53 ^^m^ .^^ PENNSYIIVANIA SXATE lsrORlVlA.L SCHOOL ing at regular prices; or the text books can be rented at reasonable rates by those who do not wish to purchase. Any student entering the Institution, who has been a student during some previous term, wil! not be given credit in the book room until he has canceled any in- deiitedness that he may have left standing against him in that department. The following is the list of text books in use: Astronomy — ^Todd. Botany — Bergen. Business — Bookkeeping — Williams and Rogers. Burrcugh's Business Practice Handbook. Commercial Law — Gano. Business, continued Correspondence ■ — Williams and Rogers. Shorthand — Graham. Typewriting — VanSantTouch. Chemistry — Brown lee and others. Laboratory Manual — Brown- lee and others. Civil Government — Wil- loughby. English — Composition and Rhetoric — Lockwood and Emerson. Composition and Rhetoric — Damon and Herrick. Evolution and Expression — Emerson. Grammar — Ma.xwell. History- of American I^itera- ture — Painter. History of English Litera- ture— Painter. Logic^Perry's Argumenta- tions. Rhetorical Analysis — Genung. Spelling — Champion. Structure of the English Scn- tenre^Kimball. Baskerville and Scwcll. Ethics — No Text. I-'rf.nch — l-'rench Reader — Super. (irammar — de Bordes. L'Abb^ Constantin — Halevy. Livre de Lecture et de Con- versation— Fonteine. liEOGRAPHY — Descriptive — Maurey. Physical — Maurey-Simons. Geology — Brigham. (iERMAN — Grammar — Joynes — Meissner and \'os. I mmensee — Storms. Macrclien und Erzachlungen Guerber. Im \'atcrland. Minna von Barnhelm — Les- sing. Wilhelm Tell— Schiller. Die Jungfrau v. Orleans — Srhiller. German Composition — Wessel- hoeft. Leberrectit H u e h n c h e n — Seidei. German, continued Brigitta — Gore. Die Journalisten — Thomas. Der Fluch dcr Schoenheit — Thomas. Der Schwiegersohn — Heller. Greek — Anabasis — Goodwin and White. First Greek Book — White. Grammar — Goodwin. Iliad — Seymour. Prose — Pearson. History — English — Walker. C.eneral — Morey. Harding, Robinson. United States— Hart. Latin — Caesar — Bennett. Cicero — Harkness. First Year in Latin — Smiley and Storke. Grammar — Bennett. Prose — Daniel. \'irgil — Bennett. Mathematics^ Algebra — Collins. Arithmetic — Hamilton. Hull. College .Algebra — \\'ells. Geometry — Wentworth. Solid Oomctry — Wentworth. Surveying — Wentworth. Trigonometry — Granville. Music — Vocal — Cogswell. Pedagogics — History of Education^ Painter. Methods — McMurr>'. School Management — W'hitc. Physics — Hoarjley. Laboratory Manual — Chute. Physiology — Davidson. Psychology — Dewey. Zoology — Jordan and Kellogg. Laboratory Manual — Harvey. Page 54 Courses of Instruction ^ Ruth Gates m^ a PENNSYUVANlA ©TATE NOR-NIAL SCMOOL Courses of Instruction Course of Study for Pennsylvania State Normal Schools I As revised anil ajopfej it a meeting of Nurmal School Principals, held at Harrisburif, November lo, 1905} Regular (Studies marked with an asterisk < * ' Jun lor I ear Pedagogics: School ManageiiK-iit. Laxguaoe: Knglish Grammar, *Rc'adiiig and Or- thography, Latin to Ciesar. Mathe\l\tics : Arithmetic, *Algebra. Natural Science: Physiology-. Historical Sciente: Geography, U. S. History, Civil Government of the United States and Penn- sylvania. Arts: Penmanship (an approved system with a fair handwriting), Drawing (daily lessons for at least 20 weeks), Vocal Music (elementary principles and daily exercise for at least 10 weeks). Bookkeeping (single entrj-, with a knowledge of common business papers). Physical Culture. Middle Year Pedagogics: Psychology, Methods of Teaching. Language: Rhetoric and Composition, with elocu- tionary exercises; three books of Cisar. Mathematics: Plane Geometry. Natural Science: Elements of Chemistry, Elements of Zoology, Botany. are tu be reviewed in Senior Year Historical Science: General History. Arts: Manual Training. Physical Culti re. Senior Year Pedagogics: History of Htlucation, Methods of Teaching, Practice Teaching in Model Schotjl (at least 20 weeks, forty-five minutes dailyj. Thesis. Language: Literature and Classics, three Orations of Cicero, three Botjks of \'irgil. Review <>l l-lnglish Grammar. M.^THEM.XTICS: Solid Geometry, Plane Trigonometry and Surveying, Review ot .Arithmetic. Natural Science: Physics, Elements of Geology. Physical Culture. Substitution The following substitutions may be made: Junior Year: German or French for Latin. Middle Year: Greek, German or French for Latin or for Chemistry. Senior Year: English History. Ethics and either Astronomy or Logic for Latin; Greek, GeriiKui or French for Solid (ieometry. Trigonometry and Sur- veying, or for Latin. Page 56 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORIvIAL SCHOOL Regular Three-Year Course of Study as Arranged for this Institution Term Preparatory Year Junior Year Miadle Year Senior Year Fall Term A Spelling and Word Derivation A Arithmetic A Graniniar A Reading Pedagogics I Latin I Mathematics I (Alg.) Drawings I. 4 periods U. S. History and Civics I Book-keeping Pedagogics II (Psych.) English I (Comp.) Latin IV (Ciesar) Math. !V (<;eun..) Manual Training Chemistry I Pedagogics V ( Methods 1 Teaching I Math. VI (S. Geom.) Latin VII (Ciceio) Physics I English III (Literature and Classics) B Spelling and Word Pedagogics I Pedagogics III (Psych.) Pedagogics VI (Methods) Derivation Latin II English II (Rhetoric) Teaching II Winter Term B Arithmetic Mathematics II (Alg.) Latin V (Ccesar) Math. VII (Trig.) B Grammar Drawing II, 4 periods Math. V (Geom.) Latin VIII (Virgil) U. S. History and Civics II History III (Gen.) Phy.sicsll Geography Chemistry II English IV (Literature and Classics) A Geography Pedagogics I Pedagogics IV (Psych, and Pedagogics Vn (History ni C Grammar* Latin HI Elocution Methods) Educ.) Spring Term Penmanship, 4 periods Matliematics III (Alg.) Latin VI (Caesar) Arithmetic (Review) A Composition C Arithmetic ■■ Zoology Math. VIH (Surveying) Physiology Botany Latin IX (Virgil) Music, 4 periods History W (Gen.) Geology Grammar (Review) Studies marked with an asterisk C^) are to be reviewed in Senior Year. Notes Subjects may be added to the Preparatorj' Course if the need arise. Pedagogics 1, in the Fall Term of the Junior Year, is preliminary' School Management. Pedagogics I. in the Winter and Spring Terms, is School Management given 2\ periods a week. English I and English II shall be given 2i periods a week. Pedagogics \' and VI shall be given 2] periods a week. All other subie>.ts. where the number of hours is not stated, are daily subjects. Greek, German, or French of the Middle Year may be substituted for Latin or for Chemistri' of the Middle Year. English History'. Ethics, and either Astronomy or Logic may be substituted for Latin, in the Senior \'(*ar; Greek, German, or French may be substituted in the Senior Year for Solid Geometry, Trieonometry, and Surveying, or for Latin. No one will be graduated from the Three-Year Course after Com tn en cement. 1013 Page 57 I>ENN3YJJVA1^IA SXATE NOR-IVIAL SCHOOL Four-Year Course for the Pennsylvania State Normal Schools Adapted by the Board of Principals, 1910 Students admitted to the First Year shall have a fair manship, United States History, Geography, r,rammar, Quadratics. Test by Faculty. knowledge of Arithmetic, Reading, Orthography, Pen- Physiology, Civics and the Elements of Algebra to sixty minute periods First Year Algebra Latin I20 School Management. 120 Sch(K)l Law 1 20 Orthography 30 Reading and Public Speaking 40 Ancient and .Metli:eval History 80 Physical Getj^raph)' 40 Arithmetic. ... 80 Grammar ., 120 Vocal .M usic 40 Ph\'sical Training 6<> Manual Training or Domestic Science 40 Second Year Sixty minute periods Plane Geometry 120 Rhetoric. Composition and Classic 120 Botany 80 Zoology 40 Btxjk-keeping 40 Modern Historj' and English History 80 Caesar 120 General Methods 120 Drawing 80 Physical Training 60 Manual Training or Domestic Science 40 Forty-five minute periods 160 160 160 160 40 SO lOU 50 100 160 so 80 SO 1160 Forty-five minute periods 160 160 100 SO 50 1(X) l6o 160 100 80 50 1 1 70 Third Year Psycholog>" and Observation Sixty minute periods .120 Cicero, German or French 1 20 Literature, English and .-\merican 80 History. U. S. and Civics 60 Geography 60 Physiology and School Sanitation 60 Solid Geometry and Trimiinnnetry 120 Methods in History and Geography 80 Chemistry 1 20 Physical Training 60 Sixty F.t, -v minute ourth Year periods Practice Teaching 120 History of Education 80 Agriculture and Nature Study. . 80 Arithmetic 4" Grammar 40 Methods in .\rithmetic and Grammar 80 Virgil, German or French 120 Public Speakitit;- . 40 Physics.. .120 Drawing 40 Manual Training or Domestic Science 40 Physical Training 60 Forty-five minute periods 160 160 100 80 80 80 160 100 160 80 II60 Forty-five minute periods 160 100 100 50 SO 100 160 50 160 50 50 80 mo In the Third year the History of Arts and Sciences may be substituted for Cicero. French or German. Geology and .Astronomy may be substituted for Solid Geometry and Trigonometry. In the Fourth Vear Ethics. Logic and Sociology may be substituted for Virgil. Frendi and German. Philosophy of Education or Surveying may be sub- stituted for Ethics, Logic or Sociology. Page 58 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NOR^^AL SCHOOL The above course is based on the "unit" plan as pro- posed by the Carnegie Foundation. "A unit" represents a year's study in any subject in a secondary school constituting approximatel>- a quarter of a full year's work. (This statement is designed to afford a standard of measurement for the work done in a secondary school. It takes the four-year high school course as a basis and assumes that the length of the school year is from thirty-six to forty weeks, that a period is from forty- to sixty minutes in length and that the study is pur- sued for four or five periods a week; but, under ordi- nary circumstances, a satisfactory year's work in any subject can not be accomplished in less than one hun- dred and twenty sixty-minute hours or their equiva- lent. Schools organized on a different basis can never- theless estimate their work in terms of this unit.) Students admitted to the First Year shall have a fair knowledge of Arithmetic, Reading, Orthography, Penmanship, United States History, Geography, Gram- mar, Physiology, Civics, and the Flements of Algebra to Quadratics. Tests by Faculty. With reference to Conditions of Admission it was Resolved: That properly certified graduates of approved Penn- sylvania High Schools of the first grade and City High Schools as listed by the Department of Public Instruction be recommended to the State Board of Examiners for entrance to the third year of the Four "S'ears* Course of the State Normal Schools without ex- amination by the faculty, and be conditi<jned in the branches that have not been satisfactorily completed by such students. Resolved: That propcrl>' certified graduates of appro\'ed Pennsylvania High Schools of the second grade be recom- mended to the State Board of Examiners for entrance to the second year of the Four ^'cars' Course of the State Normal Schools without examination b>' the faculty, and be conditioned in the branches that ha\'e not been satisfactorily completed by such students. Resolved: That properly certified graduates of approved Pennsylvania High Schools of the third grade be admitted to the first year of the Four Years' Course of the State Normal Schools without examination, and be conditioned in the branches that ha\'e not been satisfactorily completed by such students. Resolved: That residence for the last two years be required of all students, except in the case of graduates of four -year courses in colleges approved by the University Council, who may be graduated after one year's residence. Resolved: That the new course go into effect in the fall of iqio; that in 1911 and 1912 students shall be graduated on basis of the old course; that in 1913 they ma>- be graduated in cither the old or the new course: that in 1914 and thereafter they may be graduated only in the new course. The foregoing resolutions apply only to the Four Years' Course. F"rom the last resolution it is evident that in the fall of 1910 no students can be admitted into the third year of the P'our Years' Course because no students will be graduated in the Four Years' Course in 1912. But students may be admitted in the fall of 1910 into the first year of the Four Years' Course so as to graduate in this course in 1914; or, if sufhciently advanced, they may be admitted in the fall of igio into the Second Year of the Four Years' Course so as to graduate in this course in 1913. Graduation from the Three Years' Course will be governed by the rules heretofore in force. Students who, in June, 1910, pass the exaininations at the end of the Junior Year can be admitted into the Middle Year of the Three Years' Course so as to graduate in the Three Years' Course in 1912. Students who, in June, 1910, pass the examinations at the end of the Middle Year can be admitted into the Senior Year of the Three Years' Course so as to graduate in the Three Years' Ctnirse in 1911. Students can be ad- mitted into the Junior Year in the fall of 1910 so as to graduate in the Three Years' Course in 1913. After the year 1913 students will be graduated only in the Four Years' Course. A l<l>nved May i.igio. By NATHAN C. ScHAEFFER, State Superintendent of Public Instruction. Page 59 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NOR-NlAL SCHOOL Four- Year Course as Arranged for the Indiana Normal School Term Freshman, or First Year Sophomore, or Second Year Junior, or Third Year Senior, or Fourth Year Fall Term Algebra I Latin I School Management I Grammar I Manual Training Book-keeping Geometry I Drawing I Rhetoric and Comp. I History (Ancient and Caesar I [Mediaeval) Methods I Psychology and Observation I Cicero I Literature, Knglish Geography Solid Geometry Chemistry I Virgil 1 Grannnar Arithmetic Physics I History of Education I Drawing III Winter Term Algebra 11 Latin II School Management 11 (irammar II ArithniL-tic I Spelling Physical Training Geometry II B.ilany l' Rhetoric and Comp. II History (Modern) Ca:sar'll Methods H Physical Training Psychology and Observation II Cicero if ' Literature, American Civics Trigonometry Chemistry 11 Physical Training Virgil II Tcacliing I Methods of Arithnu-lic Physics H History rjf Education II Public -Speaking Physical Training Spring Term Physical Geographv Latin HI School Law Reading Arithmetic II Vocal Musi, Zoologv Botany 11 Classics Knglish History C.-esarlH Methods III Drawing 11 Psychology and Observation 111 Cicero Hi' Physiology Methods in History - History. U.S. Chemistry HI Methods in Geography Virgil HI Teaching H Methods of (irammar Physics HI Agriculture and Nature Stndics Manual Training In the third year the History- of Arts and Science or German or French may be substituted for Cicero. Geolog>- and Astronomy may be substituted for Solid Gcometr>' and TriKonometrj'. In thu fourth year Ethics. Logic, and Sociology- or German or French may hv. substitutL-d for N'irgil. Philosophy of Education, or Sur\'eying. may be substi- tuted for Ethics, Logic or Sociology. Women may substitute in this course Domestic Sciphcp for M.^nual Truining. Preparatory "^latc Normal Schocl: The following sub-freshman, or preparatory, year is offered at In Fall Term Winter Term Spring Term A Algebra A Grannnar A Arithmetic A Reading A fieography H Algebra M Arithmetic B Grammar A Spelling C Algebra .\ Composition A U. S. History A Physiology I'enmanship Page 60 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORT^AL SCHOOL Department of Education Dr. Ament Mr. Lesh Miss Strong Miss AcKERM.^iN School Management: — The purpose of this sub- ject is to lay a foundation for further work along edu- cational lines. To do this it is necessary to acquaint the student with the fundamental principles of .sani- tation of school buildings, of good order, of successful recitation work, and with the relations of the school to the public. Magazine articles, lectures, text-book work, and whatever else the instructors may deem necessary in developing the subject, will be used. The course extends throughout the Junior year. Psychology. — In the presentation of psychology, the instructor ajms at no time to lose sight of the gen- eral culture value of the subject, while his aim is no less pointed in the matter of keeping before the con- sciousness of the learner the professional value and significance of the subject as the absolute basis of edu- cational doctrine. The second year is given to this subject. Text : Dewey's Psychology-. Methods. — The aim in Methods is to provide the student not merely with theoretical knowledge, but with working principles in order that he mas' be ready to put them intoeffect in the model school or elsewhere. The work for the spring term of the Middle year will inchale a slight acquaintance with text, a thorougli know-ledge of the plan and development of a lesson, of the five formal steps, and the methods of teaching the various elementary subjects. Lectures will be given. The fall term of the Senior year will be de- voted to the completion of text. The laws expounded ■will be carefully and practically applied by the students, who will teach and develop the various com- R In Full Bloum 1 mon school branches before their classmates. The instructor will give criticism, and the students will learn the art of making just criticisms upon these presentations and also on future teaching. Any suitable material that will aid in a clearer com- prehension of subject will be u.sed. Text: McMurry. History of Education. — The general aim is to broaden the students' view of education. The special aim is to give a clear view of the general trend and progress of education; to help them to reason from effects to causes, to aid them in finding significant principles in great educational systems; to make some acquaintance with great educational reformers; to ap- preciate in some measure the forces that are operative in our own educational era. Page 61 PENNSYLVANIA STATE ISTOR-IVLAL SCHOOL russion which follows. By means of obserx'ation and discussion a student becomes thoroughly in sympathy with actual working methods before he is permitted to i;ive instruction himself. During the Senior year, si iidents are expected to devote an hour each day for two terms to jiractice teaching. These two terms of teaching, under the direction of those who are com- petent to point out defects and suggest their remedies, form one of the most valuable features of our profes- sional course. luich member is given a class of about twenty-five children, over whom he ha.s entire control, to manage and to teach. The plan of his work is laid out for him and he is left free to execute it in his own way. If he is in doubt in regard to an>- point, the critic is ac- I issilile for consultation. To all intents and purposes I he responsibility of the school is his. By means of tliis system of supervision, serious mistakes are avoided, and the student becomes familiar with the best ways and means for accomplishing desired results. .\ student can judge of the value of his ideas only when he knows how the children will react to the stimuli presented. The practice .school gives him the ojiportunity of forming these judgments under the most favorable circinnstances. I^THICS. — The importance to the teacher of work in l'".thics is readily seen from a consideration of the aim and scope of his work. Character perfected involves moralit> , and a teacher who has not a clear knowledge of the moral nature of the man and of the child, and who has not a clear conception of ideals ol character and conduct, is unfit for the task. When we consider the scope of the work ol the teacher, the need for ethical study is evident. The matter of discipline is an ever-present task in the teacher's work. The right sort of discipline can be VeranJa. Principars Resijence Some of the latest magazine articles will be U'-ed. This course is pursued during the winter and spring terms of Senior year. Text: Painter's History of Education. Pr.-vctice Tiv\CHING. — The work of practice teach- ing is recognized as fundamental in all normal schools. Opportunity is here afforded for the normal students to manifest their aptitude to teach and to put into practice the principles and methods of instruction they have lieen taught. The work in this department at Indiana is divided into two sections — a class in obser- vation and a class in actual practice teaching. The class in observation is given opportunit\ to observe teaching done by competent teachers and each student is expected to reproduce the plan of the lesson observed and be prepared to take his part in the dis- Page 62 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NOR^^AL SCHOOL secured only if the teacher has an ideal of the sort of conduct to be expected from the pupil, and an under- standing of conditions under which the will of the pupil is best directed toward this ideal. Again, tlie teacher must prescribe courses of study, and should have a clear comprehension of the benefits to be derived for the character from certain lines of work. It is upon such grounds as these that the course in Ethics is planned. The course has two parts, theo- retical and practical P^thics. First, starting from Psychology,', the facts of the moral nature are consid- ered, and ideals of conduct and character are discussed. Second, the work of the teacher in this field is exam- ined, the way in which different subjects of the school curriculum may contribute towaril moral development are considered, and lesson plans arc written and criti- cized from the point of view of their contribution toward character building. For the Four Years' Course School M.^^nagement. Present such subjects as — 1. Classification of pupils. 2. Study of individual pupils. 3. Recitations and examinations. 4. Rewards and punishments. 5. Moral culture. Suggested texts: Seele> , While, Wickcrsham. School S.^nit.\tion. Shall present the subject of — 1. Lighting. 2. Heating. 3. Ventilating. 4. Seating. Shaw. K John Sutton Hall from Ivy Oak 110 Methods, General. Should present such subjects as: Aims of education. Conditions to be studied. 3. Equipment. 4. Technique. 5. Methods in Reading and Penmanship and other ele- mentary subjects not gi\en special time in schedule. Suggested texts: Smith. Thorndyke, Murray. Psychology. Physiol.; ,il b, ■^ of Psychology. The prr--( iii.iM\ I (acuities. The reprr^tiit.ii i\ f faculties. Thinking and reasoning. The Feelings. The Will. Child Psychology. The application of ps\choloRical principles to pedagogy should be the constant aim of the work. Page 63 PENNSYLVANIA STAXE NOR-IvIAL SCHOOL DE iBw1'i1i» Old Northtasl Kaii..n^, L.irls' [lurli HisrOKV OK ECUUCATION. The following subjects shoulti he int-ludcd. 1. Biography of great educators. 2. History of important systems. 3. History nt great schools. 4. Special history of the more common subjects (jf study. 5. History of important methods. Kemp. Methods in Arith.metic. 1. The course of stud>'. a. IClimination. b. State course of study. c. Other courses. 2. How to teach arithnu-tic in the primary- grades. 3. How to teach in the grammar schools. 4. Sources for prnlilems in the comnumity life. 5. Oe\ices for teaching arithmetic. 6. The literature of the subject. 7. Discussion of the pedagogical problems of tin- subject. Methods in History and Gf.ography. 1. Ps\cholog>- of perception and memory. 2. Definition of the field of History and Geography. Correlation with other subjects. -Apparatus. Plans and de\-ices. Exercises, maps, and equipment. Causes and conditions of historic cknelopment. 4- 6. 7- Department of English Miss Leo-Sakii Miss Orr Miss .\g.\rp .Mr. Form an .Miss Smith Miss Appelcate English Grammar. Courses: l. Suli-Junior. A C.nimm.ir. H Cram- mar. C Grammar. 2. Senior Grammar. Requirements: Graduates of High Schools not ae- rredited must take (" Gr.immar, or iiass a satis- facton,' examination. Text Books: Maxwell's School Grammar. Slriir- ture of the EngHsh Senlenei — Kimh.ill. I'.iiKHsh Grainmar — Baskcrvill and Sewell. The courses in grammar presuppose a found. ilion in language work. For those who are defuienl in the sim|)ler grammatirai retiuiremenls there is offered a preparatory course, A Grammar. This deals with the parts of speech and their common uses and wiih the simpler sentence forms. Page 64 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORM^AL SCHOOL In B Grammar a careful study is made of the uses and inflections of the parts of speech, including such forms as the infinitive and the participle. Frequent analysis of sentences is also given. C Grammar deals with s>nta.x. Much practice is given in the writing and the analysis of sentences, and especial attention is paid to sentence structure and to the agreement and government of words. A thorough review of grammar is given in the Senior year. The study is considered in the light of all pre- vious work, in both English and the other languages. Suggestions as to methods of teaching grammar are given. KOUR years' course 1. In the first year the work in Grammar should be of the usual academic character, familiarizing the student with parsing, analysis, and practical use of correct syntax. 2. !n the fourth year attention should be given more largely to the grammatical structure of selected sentences, and to the historical phases of English Grammar. Composition. — The chief aim in the beginning of the course is to overcome the restraint that the student feels in translating his own thoughts and feelings into words. Later we work for accuracy and effectiveness in expression. These are secured by imitation of the best models, and by cultivating the student's taste and his appreciation for the best literature. A. Short themes in description, narration and expo- sition, with special study of the paragraph, of sentence structure and of figures of speech. Readings: The Vision of Sir Launfal. English I. Short themes and longer monthly themes giving practice in the four forms of discourse. Con- ciseness and effectiveness will be the special aims of this course and the following one. English II. A study of the nature of rhetorical principles as common sense rules which apply to other arts as well as wriling; the preparation of briefs, and of themes on abstract subjects. Reading : Selections from English and American Classics will be used in English I. and II. FOUR year's course This work should aim at making the learner familiar with the subject as given in a standard text in Rhetoric; at establishing within the learner the power (and then the habit) of embodying these principles in his own composition work; and at fanuliar- izing him with literary classics which illustrate the \'arious types of composition. LiTKRATURK. — An attempt is made to give b>- lec- ture, oulline, and recitation the different periods of I'.nglish and American Literature, the limits and lead- ing characteristics of each period, with the most ini- Page 65 PENNSYJJVANIA STATE NORIVLAL SCHOOL scribed for college entrance, comprising the careful study of five Classics and the reading of ten others. Required for Study and Practice: ( 1912) Shakespeare's ^lacbeth. Milton's L'Allegro. 11 Penseroso. Comus, or Tenny- son's (iareth and Lynettc. Lancelot and Elaine, and The Passing of Arthur. Burke's Speech on Conciliation, or Washington's Farewell Address and Webster's First Bunker Hill Oration. Macaulay's Life of Johnson, or Carlyle's Essay on Burns. Required for Reading, and Practice: Shakespeare's As You Like It. Shakespeare's Henr\- V. Franklin's -Autobiography. Chaucer's Prologue. Gaskell's Cranford. Hawthorne's House of Seven Gabies. Carlyle's The Hero as Poet, The Hero as Man of Letters, and The Hero as King. Coleridge's Rime of the .Ancient Mariner. Tennyson's Princess. FOUR years' course .'\s a fnundiition to an appreciation of the field of English and .American Literature, enough time should be given to the History of l.iteralure to enable the pupil to know the "periods" and the eminent literary* lights of each. Chief emphasis should be given to the study of the master- pieces themselves, presenting enough variety to make the learner familiar with the style of the authors given in the historic survey. Logic- The Flnglish course is completed by a study of Argumentation, covering Brief-drawing and Argumentative Composition. The student is practiced in the processes of Argumentation by being set to work to e.xercise his reasoning power on fatiiili.ir portant details of the personal life of representati\e writers. The intimate connection of literature with the social, political and intellectual life of the nation of which it is the product and expression is kept in minil. The aim of our brief course is not chiefly to supply the student with knowledge, but, also, to refine his thought and feeling, to create a taste and enthusiasm for reading, and to lea\"C him with a love for the best things, and with some knowledge of principles by which he can determine what is best. In connection with the lives of their authors there is a careful reading of many individual Poems — (Gold- smith, Burns, Coleridge, Wordsworth, Byron, Tetiny- son, — of Essays, Novels, Orations, — and at least one of Shakespeare's Dramas. Students preparing for college cover the work pre- :i Page 66 '^^m^ PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL material. The aim is to form in him the habit of looking at a subject in a purposeful way with a sense of the structure of the whole composition, to aid him in his development from the acquisition stage into reHective, modifying, originating power. FOUR years' course .^s in Jevons cS: Hijl, or Taylor, Atwater. Expression. — The greatest thing in life is life itself — the study of man, his character and works. Expression is the manifestation of life, mind and soul in and through the body. It is necessary, then, that this natural medium that (".od has given us for the expression of ourselves, as well as the thoughts of others, should be cultivated and developed. The first object of this department is, therefore, to awaken the student; to free him from all constrained, limited, and erroneous habits of thought, action and voice; to open his avenues of expression and to give him a knowledge, and control of his agents of expression. We seek to make a well -disciplined physical organism the servant of a well-stored and cultivated mind. The teacher, more than any other public worker, should have a free and intelligent voice and body, a voice and body that respond Lnstantl>' to the expres- sion of his thoughts and feelings. It is the object of this department, in the second place, to enable the student to comprehend, appreciate, and communicate thought in the most natural and effective manner. Aside from the regular class work done in this department, a large amount of public work is carried on through the Literary Societies of the school. The Society Contest, a very interesting and exciting fea- ture, affords excellent opportunities for platform artists w» ! BHKi|jfjF- ' ' ij^f^^^l J^ r""^^ '^^--y *^ '^- 91, •* Wilson Hall from Rear iU to prove their ability. The plays given by the Societies each year are a very strong feature of this work, and through them much progress is made along the lines of I!)ramatic Art. FOUR years' course Rtading and Public Speaking. In the first year this work should consist chiefly in getting the abiUty to read the various types of literature in a clear, easy, and expressive manner. Attc-ntion should not be directed much to the rules of public speaking, but to the formation of the habit of plain reading. In the fourth year the emphasis should be placed upon the rules of effective Public Speaking, and each member of the class should not have less than two formal appearances before an audience of more than just the membership of the class. Page 67 or PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORNlAL SCMOOL to familiarize the student with the developmenl of the ' American nation, and to prepare him to teach Amer- ican History in the grade schools. The inter-relation of Geography and History is carefully noted and tlie industrial, educational and social growth is studietl along with the political and constitutional growth. The work is suj^plemented b\' as much research in the hbrary as is possible in the time allotted to the subject. Some attention is. given to current history, this part of the work being done by means of special topics. English History. — Senior elective. Text Book: Essentials in English History — Walker. The chief interest in the study of the History of England is found in its conslitutional asjiect. The English constitution is a product of the slow growth of the English people through several centuries. It has furnished a model for the constitutions of many other nations. In order to be in complete harmony with his environment, it is necessary for the American of today to understand the origin and growth ol our social and political institutions and tendencies. In teaching English History, special emphasis is put on the fact that our American civilization comes largely from English beginnings. A s\llabus containing outlines and readings is used as a guide in the course. General History.— Two terms of the Middle Year. History HI. — Ancient History. 7V.V/ Book : Outlines of Ancient History — Morey. History IV. — Medixval and Modern History. Text Books: Essentials in Mediaeval and .Modern History- — Harding. History of Western Eu- rope— Roliinson. This course is open to those who have completed American Histor\'. It affords the oppcjrluiiil\ to look Kecrealiun Huur on the Campus M Department of History and Geography Mk. Hh ki.i. Mi^s \\ \i...n United States History. Courses: Junior year. History I. Historj- II. Text Books: Essentials in American Historj- — Hart. History I. — Historj- of the I'nited States to the War of 1812. History H. — Historj' of the United Stales from the War of 1812 to the present lime. Requiremeiits : Graduates of High Schcjols not accredited may enter History II. Non-graduates may enter History II after passing a satisfactory examination in Historj- I. The work in I'nited States History extends through two termsin the Junior Year. The aim in this course is Page 68 ^^m^ PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORIvIAL SCHOOL upon history, as a whole, and a constant effort is made to impress the student with the continuity of the growth of mankind in civilization. The aim in this department is not onl>' to familiarize the student with historical facts, but also to develop the historical imagination. To accomplish this, con- stant reference is made to primary sources. A text book is used as the basis of study, but there is a con- siderable amount of prescribed collateral reading tor every lesson. The student is required to draw maps frequently so that he may get a clear picture of those physical features that form the permanent framework in- which he will later determine changing political boundaries and movements. Civics. — Junior year. Text Book: Rights and Duties of American Citi- zenship— Willoughby. The student is given some knowledge of the nature of political authority. He is led to an understanding of citizenship and government in general, before taking up the study of our complex government. The rise of the nation is considered. A study of the history of the constitutional convention is made. A review of the text of theconstitution, the meaning of the terms em- ployed, together with the historical incidents to which they refer, are made prominent. The framework of the government — both National and State — is examined. IT)R THE FOUR-YEAR COURSE Ancient and Medicrval. 1. As much as is offered under this heading in Myers' General History. Modern. 2. As much as is offered in Myers' General History under this heading. United States. 3. As much as is offered in Morris, Channing or Elson, Mc- Laughlin. Cii>ics. 4. Present system of National and State government, historic development of American government. National and State constitution. Geography. Courses: 1st Geography. 2nd Geography. 7>.v/ Books: Physical Geography — Dr\cr. Ad- vanced Geography — Dodge. Requirements: Graduates of High Schools not ac- credited may enter 2nd Geography, provided they have studied Physical Geography in their High School course. If not, they wilJ enter 1st Ge- ography or take Physical Geography by a special examination. Non-graduates may enter 2nd Ge- ography, after passing a satisfactory examination in 1st Geography. Page 69 ^^mfe^ PENNSYLVAlsriA STATE NOR-JVIAL SCMOOL .11 Page 70 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORNIAL SCHOOL Physical Geography. — The student takes up the study of Physical Geography in the first term's work. In pursuing this study, the fact is kepi in mind that the majorit>- of the students have as yet little if any knowl- edge of Physics, Chemistry, etc., and, therefore, no attempt is made to burden their minds with those fea- tures of the study which they cannot grasp and under- stand. Vet, though the causes of certain important facts may be complicated, as in the case with tlic at- mospheric circulation; or unknown, as in the configu- ration of the continents and in the uplift and depression ot the lands; and the consequences of other facts may be indirect or remote; nevertheless, these facts are so inherently physiographic, that they are treated as fully .as the circumstances will permit, leaving the more com- ple-\ features for the student's later comprehension. In all this work, attention is frecjuently directed to the association of human conditions wilh the environ- ment by which they have been determined, in order to form in the student the habit of looking upon the physical features of the earth in their relation to the progress and development of mankind. During this term, sufficient time is put on Matlie- matical Geography to give the pupil a clear grasp of the elementary phenomena connected therewith. The study of the text is illumined by such field work as is possible, by the use of pictures, diagrams, maps, globes, and the apparatus at hand. Descriptive Geography. — This course embraces a complete study of local and general descriptive ge- ography, together with a discussion of those methods best fitted for the use of the teacher in presenting the subject in the various grades. The work may be divided into two parts — the Academic and the Peda- gogical. Academic Work. — In this part of the work the aim is to ground the pupil thoroughly in the facts of descriptive and political geography. The method pur- sued, in the main, is what is known as the tracing and topical method as laid down by the best writers on geography. Map-drawing is a constant feature of the work. The work is enriched, as much as possible, by pictures, specimens of various products of different countries, etc. Careful attention is paid to what might l)e called up-to-date geography, it being deemed worth while that the pupil should form the habit of keeping abreast of present geographical progress. The fact is kept constantly in mind that Geography and History should closely correlate, and, therefore, in the study of the former, the pupil's attention is called to many facts and features which will serve to throw light upon the study of the latter. Pedagogical Work. — It being deemed that the Page 71 Page 72 ^^m^ PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORlVtAL SCHOOL Page 73 I>ElSrNSYUVAlSriA STATE NOT^-IVlAL SCHOOL class-work is, of itself, "a living example" of the Ijest methods to use in presenting advanced geography, the time alloted to this l)ranch of the work is given o\xt to a study of the best method of teaching geography in the lower grades. When and how to begin the subject, how best to teach the fundamental ideas of direction, distance, etc., value of map-drawing, the sand-table and other lea- lures of the work are taken up, studied and discussed. A "working outline" for actual use in the school room is supposed to be one of the fruits of this course. This work will be i^resented to the class through dictation and discussion. A fine set of wall maps, a globe, sand-t.ibic, charts and other accessories arc at the , command ol t]i<- teacher of this sulijcct. Geoi.ogv. — In Political (Geography we have studied the earth with regard to man's activities upon it — cities, farms, factories; in Physical Geography we have considered the earth as the home of man, anti learned of its surface preparation for man's use; in Geology we go deeper, and study the origin of the world, its vary- ing forms, and its gradual e\olution from primeval fire-mist to a stable foundation for man's nmllilu- dinous labors and investigations. Science and Revelation unite in declaring the world to have been at first "without form, and \oid;" then that there gradually appeared the waters; then, above these, lands arose to \iew; later came elementary life- forms of plant and of animal life; finally, when all was ready, man, the master, entered upon his inheritance. We first consider Geology physiographically, and re- \iew our Physical Geography studs-; then comes Litho- logical (ieology, the examination of rocks and minerals and soils, their condition, structure, and arrangement ; next Dynamical (ieology, treating of the causes of geological events, of the forces which produce earth changes, — atmosphere, heat, water, life, etc.; finally. Page 74 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL Historical Geology, when earth's pages have been scanned to learn of the successive time-stages when rock layers were laid, and plants, animals and man appeared. for the four -year course Geography. Physical. .\ course equivalent to that given in tcxtbunk like Gilbert and Rrigham; Introduction to Physical Geography, emphasizing the fnjlovving points. 1. Heating and motions of the earth, with effects. 2. .Atmosphere and weather. 3. Land, agents at work and leading forms. 4. Shore forms. 5. Field work. Political. — Third year work to include 1. Histor>- of geography. 2. Review of facts. 3. Field work. 4. Maps and map drawing. 5. Topographical U. S. Maps. Geology'. Physiography. Minerals and rocks. History (_ieology. Field work with note: s. e. g. Brigham. Department of Greek and Latin Mr. JAi K Miss Weavkr Mk. Foreman The number of students ])reparing for college has steadily increased during the last few years. Vassar, Mt. Holyoke, Lafayette, Washington and Jefferson, Westminster, State and other colleges, receive students upon our certificate. Latin. — The "Roman" prontniciation is used. In the Junior year three terms are spent on Smiley and Storke's Beginners' Latin Book. It is here the aim thoroughly to ground the student in the Latin forms and inflections, and in the general principles of Latin syntax. It is desired that the student have a good knowledge of English before tak- ing up this branch, since the idioms of the two lan- guages are constantly compared. In the Middle year three terms are devoted to Books I, II, and III of Cajsar. Here, in addition to the literal and free translation of the te.\t, there is Page 75 FENNSYI^VANIA STATE NOR.3VIAL SCHOOL orations (First three against Catiline), and two terms on Virgil's .4-:ndti (Books I-III). In connection, Latin composi- tion is studied. In reading poetrs, sufficient attention is paid to the laws of \ersification to enable the stuflent to scan the poetr\- he reads. For those who desire to take it, a \ear of advanced work is given. During this year the work covers three orations of ("icero (IV against Catiline, .Archias and Manilian Law), and Virgil's .Kneid (Books IV-Vn. In the spring term there is offered an additional course in Latin Prose Com- position. Preparatory- students are given any additional course required by the institution to which entrance is sought. Greek. — It is the aim not onh' to implant a thor- ough knowledge of the forms and principles of syntax, but also, b>- means of reading at sight and other exer- cises, to enable the student to use the language in a practical way. In this way the student comes to look upon Cireek not as a "dead" language, made up of a mass of forms and rules, but as a legacy of a cultureil ]icople. The reading of the Greek authors includes Xeno- phon's Anabasis and Homer's Hi, id. If desired. constant drill in the use and force of the cases, the modes and tenses, of the jirinciples of indirect dis- course, of the gerund and gerundive constructions, of the ablative absolute, in the derivation of words, and in the analysis of sentences. Some time is spent in a careful study of Caesar's life and of the Roniiin life of his time. The Senior vear continues with one term on Cicero's Paiic 76 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL other authors may be studied. In connection with these, the history and customs of the Cireek people are taken up. Exercises in writing Creek are kept up liy the use ol" Pearson's dreek Prose Composition. Preparatory students are given tlie amount of I^atin and Greek required \ty the institntion to which entrance is sout;lit. For the Four-Year Course L.\TIN'. First Year. 11 I. Elements of Grammar and vocabulary of at least 500 words — thorough preparation to read Caesar. Second Year. 2. Three books of Cssar, and equi\aleni the fourth, with close attention to (iramniar and Roman history of the periods. Thin! Year. Cicero; six orations, including Manilian Law. w^ith special attention to composition and ' English derivatives. Fourth Year. 4. Virgil, tUT. ■gil, six books; composition; special attention to myth- ology and poetic forms. Department of Modern Languages Miss Sherrux Mr. Kirberger Miss Rothermei, It is the aim of this departinent not only to give the student a thorough drill in forms and inflections, but also to enable him to make practical use of the spoken and written language. German. — In the first year special emphasis is laid upon pronunciation, the inflection of the noun and adjective, the conjugation of strong and weak vertjs, the use of the model auxiliary, the principles of word- order; some time is given to easy German conversa- tion based upon the selections read. First year Ger- man may be used as a substitution in Middle year only. Texts: Vos' Elements of German, Bacon's lin Vaterland, Storm's Immensee, Heyse's L'Arrabbiata. The second year is devoted to composition. Ad- vanced Grammar and Syntax, copious reading and a Page 77 PENNSYLVANIA SXAXE N0R,1VLAL SCHOOL critical study of ("lernian authors, including a few lyrics, and to German conversation based upon the works read. Second j'ear German, as well as second year French, may be used as a substitute in the Senior year only. Texts: Joynes-Meissner's Grammar; Wesselhoeft's German Composition; Moscr's I)er Bibliothekar; Schiller's Jungfrau \on Orleans; (ioethe's Hermann und Dorothea. Opportunity is given for continuing German a third year. During this year such books as Wildenliruch's Das Elde Blut; Riehl's Der Fluch der Schoenheit ; Schiller's Wilhelm Tell; Goethe's ICgmont, and Scliiller's Maria Stuart are read, (.oniposilioii work based on Baumbach's Der Schwiegersohn, and similar texts, is given. French. — Special stress is laid upon pronunciation, idiom, the inflection of the verb, and the essential prin- ciples of syntax. Much time is given to reading in French, translations at sight and to practice in conver- sation. First-\ear French may be used as a substitu- tion in Middle year only. Texts: Beziat de Bordes' Elements of French; Super's French Reader; I.abiche's La Grammaire; About's La Mere de la ^L-lrquise. Either French or German, if substituted in the Senior year, must be lie- gun in the Middle \ear. In the Second year, Merimee's Colomba. Dumas' I.e Comte de Monte-Gristo, La Question D'.Argent b\' Dumas^/i, and Lazare's Elementary French Composi- tion are used. Four-Year Course Germ.xk. First year Elements of grammar, e. g. Vos' Elements of (jerman. 1. Conversation on familiar subjects and incidents. 2. Composition, 3. Memor>' work, — choice, simple poems. 4. Reading Maerchen and Erzachlungen; stress on oral translation and aLiout 40 pages of simple German, e. g. Im V'aterland, or hnmensee. Second year. 1. Grammar. 2. Composition, and reading and translation, William Ti-ll, and Die Jungfrau von Orleans, or equi\"alent. FRliNCH. The two years' work in French is the same as that outlined in the three-year course. Page 78 '^^m^ PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL Department of Mathematics Mk. Smith Miss Chesebrough Mk < .1 IRIX IN Miss Winters Arithmetic. — The work in arithmetic is designed to prepare the student for subsequent work in mathe- matics or for teaching in tlie pubhc schools. It also gives him a practical knowledge of the subject and pre- pares him for business life. The subject is made clear through the use of concrete and practical problems. The subject of Arithmetic is covered in three terms and the work is approximateh- as follows: 1st Term. — Practical problems, greatest common divisor and least common multiple, common and deci- mal fractions, denominate numbers and measure- ments, analysis, longitude and time. 2d Term. — Percentage and applications, square and cube root. ^d Term. — Subject reviewed and completed. Senior Year. — Review and preparation for State Board Examinations. .\lgeI!R.\. — The object of this course in Algebra is to give the student a thorough knowledge of the prin- ciples of elementary Algebra and much work in prac- tical applications thereof. This thoroughness of the course is desirable both for the students who expect to teach in the public schools and for those desiring to do advanced work. The work is planned to assist the student in his further study of mathematics and the study of the physical sciences. The culture value of Algebra is recognized and the student is led to realize the beauties of the subject. Algebra is a three-term subject, and the work is approximately as follows: 1st Term. — Fundamental operations, equations, and factoring. 2d Term. — Fractions, simultaneous equations, prac- tical problems, involution and evolution. 3^ Term. — Theory of indices, radicals, quadratic equations, practical problems, imaginaries, and pro- gressions. All students are required to take the work in Algebra except those who can furnish evidence that they have already satisfactorily done the work. A new class in Algebra is organized every term. Geometry. — The required work in Geometry cov- ers the ground outlined in Wentworth's Plane Ge- ometry. Solid Geometry, which is given in the Senior \'ear, is based on Wentworth's Solid Geometrj'. Page 79 PENNSYJJVANIA STAXE NORIVLAL SCMOOL and llic ability to cope with a new situation. Tin- study of ("luoniftry develops tlic habit of acrurate rcasoniiiji;, llie hal)it of lof)kiny con- tidenth' for tlie sohilioii of iver\' ]irobleni, iiuliidiiig those of everyday Mfe. of (Hscriminatint; between the essential features of a |)rob- leni and those which arc not essential. .After a llioroui;h study ol the demonstrations of I hi' .uilhor, the student takes up the demonstra- tions of the original e.\er- eises. These he is able, with a few suggestions, to deal with; this gi\es him self-reliance and power and he proceeds confidently atid accurately. Such a course as this gives the student a mind trained to mi'et the problems which confront the teacher. T R I ( ; o N « M I'. T K\ .\ M ) SlRVEYlNG. — One term is de\<>ted to Trigonometry and one to Surveying. The Trigoncjmetry is Plane Trigonometr)'. The work includes the study and use of logarithms, sufficient study of the triangle to prepare for Surveying, the development of the formulas, and practical appli- cations. The term devoted to Surve\ing involves the study ol the theory of Surveying, but the greater part of The l>ody of ge<mutri( .il truth is an organizi-d struc- ture, the careful study of which has ever been a stimu- lus and a discipline to those who have pursued il. The prospective teacher receives a training which is es.sential in his work as a teacher and in the pur- suit of scientific studies. Among the menial and moral qualities which it is the aim of this course to develop are the following: Initiative, self-reliance, Page 80 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL the work is actual practice in the field with surveyor's instruments. The students, after some elementary work, run boundary lines, keep notes of all work, and then reduce their observations. Higher Mathematics. — Any one desiring may elect courses in College Algebra, Analytic Geometr>', and (^dculus. For the Four-Year Course Algebra. First year. 1. Review of fundamental operations including factoring . 2. Fractions, including ratio and simple proportion. 3. Simple equations with a study of graphs. 4. Involution and evolution. 5. Quadratic equations. 6. Radical equations. 7. Theory of exponents. 8. Binomial theorems. 9. Practical problems. In order to complete this work in a year, the stu- dent should have had a full year's work in algebra be- fore entering. Quickness and accuracy of thought are predominant aims in the work. Arithmetic. First year. 1. Drill in the fundamental operations with integers, deci- mals and fractions. 2. Denominate numbers, omitting tables that arc not in common use. 3. Mensuration and surfaces. 4. Percentage and its application. 5. Interest, including discount. 6. Ratio and simple proportion. 7. Involution and evolution. 8. Drawing plans, plots, and maps to scale. 9. Metric system. 10. Practical problems of all kinds. 11. Frequent reviews and drills. Fourth year. 1. Intensive study of arithmetical principles involved in the fundamental operations in integers, fractions, and decimals. 2. Practical mensuration. 3. Miscellaneous problems. 4. Drills demanding alertness and accuracy. 5. Oral work. 6. Emphasize the importance of good English in all solu- tions. 7. Metric system. 8. Study of banking, stock market, money, and other sources of arithmetical problems. Page 81 PENNSYLVANIA SXAXE NOIilVtAL SCHOOL Page 82 ^mSm^ PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORT^AL SCHOOL Geometry. Plane. 1. Study of the five books. 2. Correlate algebra, arithmetic and geometry. 3. Practical problems. Solid. Continue the work of the preceding year. Make and use models and de\-ote considerable time to practical problems based upon the demonstrations. Trigonometry. 1. Trigonometric functions. 2. The right triangle. 3. Goniometry. 4. Logarithms. 5. The ol)iit|ue triangle. 6. Practical problems with field work. Surveying. 1. Study of instruments for office and field work. 2. Land surveying. 3. Triangulation. 4. Leveling. 5. Railroad work. 6. City surveying. 7. Plotting, blue prints, copying, etc. Department of Science Mr. Hickman Mr. James Mr. VVaite It is the object of this department to secure to tlic pupil the distinctive advantages which result from correct science study. These we believe to be the power to observe quickly, clearly and comprehen- sively, and the ability to deduce legitimate conclu- sions from the observations thus made. With these ends in view, it is the aim rarely to tell the pupil what he can find out for himself l>y observation or experiment. The whole department is now in new quarters de- signed especially for this kind of work. The labora- tories are completely equipped with up-to-date labora- tory furniture. Much new apparatus has been added to both the f^hysical and Chemical laboratories, greatly increasing the value of the work done in this depart- ment. Bot.\ny. — In the study of Botany an amount of text-book work sufficient to acquire the necessary tech- nical terms and fundamental [)rinciples is required. But the greater part of the work consists in a close study of the types of the most important orders. Spe- cial attention is paid to structure and function as af- Page 83 PENNSYLVANIA STATE N^OR-lSlAL SCHOOL fccted by environment, ami to the inter-relations of the animal and plant worlds. Larj^e tables have been placed in the classroom where the pupils may perform their dissection and analysis undi-r the guidance of the instructor. The student is recjuired to collect, anahze, classify and mount a number of specimens of local tlora. Note-books are used in which the student keeps a faithful record of his observations and deductions. ZoOLOr.Y. — This biological subject is studied in much the same manner as Botany — recitation from text book; individual laboratory work, taking up the larger l>pe forms; and field work. l^ach student makes his own dissections, keeps a faithful record of actual observations in note-books, and mounts specimens collected from excursions in the vicinity. He is taught to infer habit from struc- ture, anil .see life relationships, and the economic value of our fauna. A well-lighted laboratory, special tables, large tank for living material, aquariums for observing the early development of certain familiar animals, a cabinet of mounted specimens— all contribute to an interest and efficiency in the subject. Physics. — The course in Ph>sics extends through the Fall and Winter terms of the Senior year. .Ml divi- sions of the subject arc covered excejjt Magnetism and Electricity, which is continued in the spring term, as elective work. The aim is to cultivate a kei'ii under- standing and appreciation of common natural phe- nomena, and a deep sympath>- for what is scientific in a scientific age. The method useil is to combine recitations with as nuich infli\idual laboratory work as possible. Class demonstrations and jiractical problems in the different topics sup|)lement and fix the theory. At least twenty- five experiments illustrative of fundamental prin- ciples are required. The experiments are performed Page 84 l[ PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORT^AL SCHOOL imliviilually by the student and carefully recorded in special note-books. The large and well-lighted laboratory has been planned and built along modern lines, and is equipped throughout witli new laboratory furniture and appa- ratus. The tables are provided with uprights and adjustable bars; and the apparatus comprises many costly pieces, while others, though verif\ing funda- mental laws, are yet so simple as to be easih' dujilicated by our graduates in schools lacking facilities, and in their teaching of Elementary Science and Nature Study. Students taking the full year's work are admitted on certificate and the presentation of the note-books to our leading colleges. Human Physiology. — The study of physiology comprises one term's work in the Junior year. This being the first science work which our students take up, it serves as an introduction to scientific methods of thinking and feeling. Our students have seen few scientific experiments performed and have performed still fewer themselves. The method of teaching to which they have been accustomed is the didactic. These facts largely govern the mode of presentation. So far as the size of the. class and the time available permits, the students perform the experiments them- selves and draw their own conclusions. Here they are led to depend on their own eyes and fingers. Rather more attention is devoted to the Chemistry of Physiology and to the subject of Hygiene than to Anatomy. In the lectures and talks by the instructor to the students, the attention of the latter is drawn to the experiences of the race in the matter of food, drink, and raiment; and they are led to attach im- portance to the lessons which the race has learned in these matters. In all the work the cheerful sides of Physiology and Hygiene are emphasized and the morbid sides kept in the background. Chemistry. — The reciuircd work in CheniistrN- co\'- ers a period of two terms. The slutlent begins the study of this science in the Middle year, after com- pleting such study of Physiology and Elementary Mathematics as may have served to introduce him to the principles of scientific thinking, preparing his mind for the reception of the more complex ideas involved. The course offered covers the field of General Chem- istry, about the work given in Rem.sen's "Elements of Chemistry," Revised Edition. Recitation work is supplemented by lectures by the instructor on the more abstract parts of the subject di.scussed in the text. These lectures, or talks, enable the instructor to keep in touch with the student's progress and to lead him into the suliject as the best text is not able to do. Regu- lar hours are assigned for laboratory work and the student's note book is written up and examined. The :i Page 85 F»ENNSYLVAlSriA STATE N0R,R^AL SCHOOL 'II Page 8e _j_ 2 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORTvIAL SCHOOL laboratory is newly furnished and su[)plied with modern conveniences. Each student is supplied with a desk and the necessary apparatus to pursue his studies. The aim of this course is to give the student some concept of the large part which Chemistry is placing in our industrial and social life, to impress on the student the value of the subject in bringing us in touch with the world's work in many fields, and to enable him to see the esthetic side of scientific truths. The fundamental character of Chemistry in Nature Study is made clear, and experiments are selected to aid him in teaching that subject. That Chemistry is a rapidly developing subject is kept in view, and references cursorily had to the progress making. Supplementing the work in General Chemistry, is offered an elective course in Qualitative Analysis of unknown solutions of metallic salts, this work being continued until the student has mastered the methods employed for the detection of the Metallic Groups. The course is completed by analysis of dry salts, the methods of detecting non-metallic elements being best made clear by this means. The work in Chemistry is concluded !)>■ a course in Quantitative Analysis, during which analyses of less complex rocks, alloys and ores follow quantitative determinations of simple salts by Gravimetric methods. This course should be preceded by instruction in the Elements of Physics. A student who has completed the work offered should be able to step into the field of Practical Chem- istry, and some of our graduates now hold valuable positions in this line. The courses in this department comph' with the entrance requirements of \\'ellesley, Smith, Princeton and other colleges. Many of our graduates are teach- ing Science subjects in high schools, while others hold good positions with industrial corporations. FOR THE FOUR-YE.^R COURSE BOT.WY. 1. Purpose and differences among plants. 2. Methntls of reproduction. 3. Plant food and plant ph>siology. 4. Division of labor and functions. 5. Growth. 6. Movement and response to stimuli. 7. Seetl, fruit, and domestication. 8. Ecology-. 9. Practical application of Botany. 10. Analysis and classification of plants. 1 1. Plant pathology. :i Page 87 ^mife^ PENNSYLVANIA STAXE NORMAL. SCHOOL Zo5logy. 1. Plant and Anima! — Relations. 2. Study of animal types. 3. Periods in life of animal. 4. Social instincts and habits. 5. Reproduction. 6. Birds. 7. Ins*Tts. including economic entomology. 8. Evolution. g. Laboratory* and field work. Physics. Purposes. 1. To give the student a clear kno\vlc<lKe of the elemen- tary principles of physics as a[)i>lied to practical life. 2. To store the mind of the student ^'ith the great funda- mental truths and laws of physical science. 3. To develop in the student the power to manipulate appa- ratus in (he performance of experiments. 4. Study to be based c>n labc>rator>' work. Courses. 1. Properties of matter. 2. Mechanics of solids, liquids and gases. 3. Forces of heat, magnetism and electricity, sound and light. Physiology. Shall present the subjects: 1. Anatomy. 2. Physiology. 3. Hygiene. Physical welfare of school children, civic obligations as regards health of individual. Chemistry. 1. Structure of matter. 2. Elements and compcnmds. 3. Study of the common elements. 4. Chemical laws. 5. Chemical theories. 6. Chemical mathematics. 7. Study of common compounds. 8. Chemical reactions. 9. Application of chemistry. 10. .\\ least 40 periods of laboratory work. Page 88 V^f^^ S*!6i f. Department of Drawing =^ PENNSYLVANIA STATE N0R,1V[AL SCHOOL. ^a^. Page 90 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORT^AL SCHOOL Department of Drawing Miss McElhaney Miss Taylor "As we increase the range of what we see, we increase the richness of what we can imagine." "So far as education does indeed tend to make the senses delicate, and the perceptions accurate, and thus enables [leopie to be pleased with quiet instead of gaudy color, and with graceful instead of coarse form; and, by long acquaintance with the best things, to discern quickly what is fine from what is common — so far acquired taste is an honorable faculty, and it is true praise of anything to say, it is 'in good taste.' " Elementary Drawing. (Two terms.) — These classes are required in the Elementary Normal Course and are designed to meet the needs of all teachers in the public schools. This includes elementary principles of type forms, light and shade, form and color, modern free-hand perspective, lettering, design, study of artists, nature work, landscape, constructive work, methods, care of materials, and development of type lessons, with analysis of the same. Supervisors' Course. (Si.\ terms.) — "Turn, turn my wheel ! This earthen jar A touch can make, a touch can mar: And shall it to the potter say: What makest thou ? Thou hast no hand ? As men who think to understantl A world by their Creator planned. Who wiser is than they." This course is for those students who desire to fit themselves for teach- ing in better positions, in the city schools, where more preparation and skill are required than can be secured in the above course; for those who wish to become special teachers of drawing; and for those who wish to prepare for entrance to professional training schools. The work requires from five to eight periods a day, and includes six terms of Advanced Drawing in addition to the following. Paper folding. Bead work, Construction work, Wood-block printing. Modeling, Lettering, Weaving, Illuminating, Page 91 CD PENNSYLVANIA STATE NOR-IVIAL SCHOOL Development of a Course of Study in Dra'wing Methods, observation, and jjracticu in teaching, under strict super- vision and criticism. History of Art, Mechanical Drawing, PedaROgy and Enghsh of tl lar Normal Course. Middle and Senior years of llie regu- super\is(' liotll There are demands for graduates who can tcacli and Drawing and Music in the public schools. Advanced DR-^vwing. (Six terms.) — "Without peace and pleasurable- ness in occupation, no design." Recognizing that the stud\- of art sliould be broad and coniprehensiN-e, this opiiortunity is given to students as a means of suiiplenu'niing the work of the former courses, as W'ell as a means of culture and a training that shall lead to fitness in the choice of life work. The work is along the same lines as the I^lementary Course and includes such work as may l)e given in the lictter high schools and some teclinical schools. The following is a brief outline: Nature drawing, Illustrative drawing. Figure and animal drawing, Historic ornament. Composition. Leather Work. — Tooled and illuminated Outdoor sketching in pencil, charcoal ; Although the course covers six terms, students having completed the Elementary Course may enter the class at the lieginning of any term. In this course the student is given opportunity for practical applica- tion of his skill. He is required to prepare coinmercial drawings, such as designs for books and magazine covers, decorations, borders, head and tail i)ieces. Landscape, Still life, Design, Printing, water color. Page 92 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORI^AL SCHOOL Mr. kson Department of Manual Training j^^^J, Manual training is not, as some suppose, a study of the elements of certain trades; but a good course in manual training is invaluable as a preparation for any trade or profession. The object of the student in Manual Training is not so much to learn hcjw to perform certain operations as it is to think and modify knowledge from any source and adapt and ap[iK' it to the work in hand in a practical and efficient manner. It is only those who can apply this knowledge thus that have received a satisfactory educational training, and the demand for this class of people as teachers and in all other lines of activity is greater than the supply. The stale requirement in Manual Training in the regular normal course is one term. This term of work is devoted to the construction of such objects as will give the student a broad knowledge of the principles involved in wood construction and finishing. Each student is furnished with a blue print of the object to be constructed, thus correlating by ajiplication his Mechanical Drawing and Manual Training. After having satisfactorily completed the prescribed course of study, students are allowed to construct one larger article of furniture, such as a table, a tabouret, a magazine rack, a music cabinet, etc., particular atten- tion being given to the manner of original design anil workmanship in construction and finishing. The edu- cational value of Manual Training is kept constantly in mind as the chief end and aim of the subject. Knife work, basketry, clay modeling, wood carving and other light forms of work are provided as a sub- stitute for l)ench work whenever this seems best. foi;r-ye.\r course Wood Working, Basketry, and Clay Modeling. On One of (lie Tennis Cnurls 1 Department of Physical Training E^'r' Three terms of this work are re(|uired. During the winter term, all of the young women living in the dormitory are required to take Physical Training. The aim of this department is three-fold: educa- tional, hygienic, recreative. The course is outlined to prepare students to leach this subject in public .schools. The work consists of indoor and outdoor exercise. Indoor work includes running, military tactics, drills with hand apparatus, esthetic and folk dancing, gym- nastic games and basketball. Hockey, basket-ball, tennis and field athletics are enjoyed on the campus. The basketball team is a feature of this department. They play a number of games with other schools dur- ing the season. The girls composing this team, for the past year, were the undisputed champions in Western Pennsylvania in schools of our class. Page 93 PENNSYLVANIA SXAXE NORJVIAL SCHOOL Page 94 "^m^ m The Training School PENNSYLVANIA STATE nor-ivlAl school THE TRAINING SCHOOL FACULTY JAMES E. AMENT. I,L. I).. Principal JENNIE M. ACKEKMAN Supervisor HAMLIN E. COGSWELL, Mus. M. Supervisor of Music HOPE STEWART. Pd. B. Critic Teacher JEAN R. McELHANEY. Pd. B. Supervisor of Drawing MARGARET D. MOORE Critic Teacher ELBERT M. JACKSON Supervisor of Manual Training MALVINA CARMAN RIDDLE. Pd. B. Critic Teacher ELIZABETH KNIGHT EYRE Physical Culture JOHN A. LESH. A.M. Methods and Psychology SELMA M. KONOLD Assistant Page 96 V^ffe^ PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORTvlAL SCHOOL Scope and Function of the Training School The training dupartmcnt consists of a school of about two hundred fifty students. These are carefully divided into eight grades corres- ponding to the grades of the most approved elementary schools of the countPi', and an advanced or sub- normal class composed of those who have completed the regular Model School Course and are prepared to take up some of the branches in- cluded in the prescribed work of the Junior year. The regular work of the school is systematically supervised by trained and experienced critic teachers. They are responsible for the progress of the children and the training of the pupil teachers. The special work in music, drawing and manual training is under the direction and control of specialists in these branches. Wilson Hall, a modern building and one of the most attractive on the campus, is given over entirely to the use of this department. It is commodious, conveniently located, and is well equipped for the purpose which it fills. All the work of the pedagogical department centers in the training school. Its purpose is to afford the Page 97 ^ PENNSYLVANIA ©TAXE NOR-IVIAL SCMOOL belongs. Instructions are given with regard to the general management of the class, ilu- work to be covered, use and care of materials, nielhods to be em- j)lo>ed, hours for criticism, and llie \arioiis duties inci- dental to the actual teaching. The pupil teachers arc required to write out plans for the daily lesson. These plans are submitted to the critic teachers and are carefulh- examined and corrected the day before the lesson is presented. They are written in accordance with the following outline: *I. Aims. II. Illustrative Material. a General. III. Basis. b Special. IV. Subject Matter— Method. The plans should show most clearly that the teacher understands the child, his interests, capacity and limi- tations. They should show thai she understands the subject to be taught and the end and aim in jjresenting it. They should indicate that she is accjuainted with the child's past experience and properly appreciates his fund of ideas. Fertility in illustration antl device, skill in questioning and thoroughness in drill should mark both plan and presentation. Seniors who are teaching are required to meet their critic teacher for general criticism one period a week. In this criticism class, general topics relative to the work are discussed, general mistakes are noted, reading along professional lines is assigned, and the various problems of the schoolroom are talked over. In addition to the criticism class, appointments are made for individual criticism, the critic teachers re- serving Saturday afternoons and the hours between ,S.30 and 4.30 each day for this [nirpose. .\\. these times, criticism may be more pointed and jjer.sonal. The endeavor will l)e to establisii such a relation be- tween the pupil-teacher and tlie critic that errors and *Sec McMurry's "Method of Recitation." Critic Conference members of the Senior class an opportunity to put into practice the principles of education which have been emphasized throughout the entire course, to send them out with a ver>' practical knowledge of the theon,' and art of teaching, and with the confidence and judg- ment which arise from actual experience in the school- room. To this end each candidate for graduation is required to teach at least two terms satisfadorily in the Model School. The work is so arranged that experience is gained in both the primary and grammar departments. Students begin their observation and practice work in the Senior year. A class numbering from fifteen to twenty children is assigned to each for a ])eriod of twelve or fifteen weeks. The Seniors then report to the critic teacher to whose department their work Page 98 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL faults may be discussed most freely and without any misunilerstanding as to motive. It is, however, as much the duty and desire of the critic teacher to dis- cover and develop latent power and ability as to note and correct faults in personality and pedagogy. Although the nature and amount of the work to be discussed will necessarily be indicated by the super- visor in accordance with the outline of the course of study, the pupil teacher is thrown on her own re- sponsibility in determining the order of the topics, the amount to be presented in the recitation period and the best method of development and application. She is encouraged to be independent and original. The pupil teacher is encouraged to ask advice freely and talk over, outside of class, the difficulties and prob- lems that perple.x her, but she will gain strength by relying upon her own power and discretion in the class room. Very rarely should she make any appeal to the critic teacher in the presence of the children. Illustrative lessons are given frequently by the critic teacher. These are observed closely by the Seniors, who should be prepared to take part in a dis- cussion concerning them in the criticism period. In directing the special work of the school, such as the observance of Thanksgiving, Christmas, Washing- ton's Birthday and Arbor Day, the Seniors are ex- pected to take active part when called upon. Training along this line is inx.iluable. Reading and Literature The general aim in the subject is to give the child the power to interpret the written or printed symbols by which thought is conveyed, to arouse an apprecia- tion of what is liest in literature, to awaken the desire to read, anil to train him to give out the ideas thus w. Girls at Work in the Candy Kitchen 1 obtained with correctness, clearness, and the right kind and degree of feeling. A proper conception of the aim of instruction in this branch determines the method to be employed and the material to be used. In the lower grades the teacher must of necessity concern herself to a very great extent with the me- chanics of reading, the problem of teaching the chil- dren to recognize words in groups. To this end a combination of the word, sentence and phonic method is used, the sentence being regarded as the unit of thought. Phonics are introduced gradually, chiefly as a means of making the child independent in mastering new words, and in affording exercises in correct enun- ciation. The first reading lessons are based largely upon nature study and U[)on tlie poems and stories used in •J Page 99 |; o PENNSYUVANlA STATE NOR-lVtAL SCHOOL words correctly and with ease; iIk'V must comprehend the lliouulil, thc>- must feel its force and significance, they must enter into the Hfe and idt'als of the great minds of tlie world. With them they must dream — with ihcm they must create. The selection of material to he used in the various grades is made with care, in order that it may l>e suited to the interests and capacity of the children, and to the other studies which they pursue. No attempt is made to force upon them literature which is entirely ln'yond their ability to understand and enjoy. Their development in taste and power to interpret is natural in all .senses of the word. I''.\ery selection used 3 is elevating in its influence and h.is in it something which ap- peals especially to the nature (if the particular children to whom it is presented. The children are encouraged to read outside of school. Books, pajiers and magazines are provided for their use. (Juite a broad course of sup]ilementary reading is [jianned for each grade, and special periods are set aside in which the teacher reads to the children stories and [loems which are profitable and interesting. Ill oral reading care is taken to see tliat the children sjjcak dearU , in .i pure tone .uid pleasing manner. the language lessons. They arc chiefly the expression of the child's thought along these lines. Nurser\' rhymes, fairy tales, stories of adventure. Creek, Roman and Norse myths, English and Amer- ican history stories, and the best poetry that the field of literature affords, are the sources from which ma- terials are drawn throughout the course. It is not enough that the children ])ronounce the Page 100 V^fe^ PENNSYLVANIA STATE NOR.MAL SCHOOL Language Only through an LXt-rcisc of the power of expression which the child already possesses will he gain additional jiower in the correct and pleasing use of his mother tongue, and in the world, social and commercial, [)erhaps no faculty contributes more than this to success. The first step in developing expression is t(j arouse thought and awaken ideas. To this end all the subjects of the school curriculum may be employed and all of the occupations and activities of the schoolroom and playground should be made to contribute. The entire world of childish experience and knowledge may be drawn upon for the materials for language training. It is, however, through long sustained efiort and practice under "never ceasing watch and correction" that the art of correct speaking and writing is obtained. It is the duty of the school to afford this practice and to exercise this surveillance in order that there may be a development of the power to speak without effort and with freedom from grammatical errors, popular slang, and the crude provin- cialisms to which the average American is prone. For the reason that oral speech is used to the great- est extent, oral language training should predominate. Every teacher in every recitation will prove herself an efficienl ally of the language teacher if she will insist upon good English in response to every question asked. The result will lie manifest in the formation of right habits of speech. In fact, this is an imperative condition to the accomplishment of the aim of the school in this direction. The course of study indicates the general character of the work. The lessons may be divided into three classes — conversational, formal and written. In the seventh year the study of English grammar is begun. In the conversation lessons the pupils are required to reproduce stories which they have heard or read, to describe places which they have visited, to narrate, adventures in wliich they have taken part, or to enter into discussion or debate on some question of interest to them as individuals or as a school. The impromjjtu dramatization of stories leads to a vigor- ous style and is a splendid means of arousing the imagination and increasing the child's vocabulary. Page 101 PENNSYLVANIA STAXE N^OR-IVIAL. SCHOOL The written exercises are frequent but short. A child loses interest and zest if he is required to write too much. He becomes fatigued and as a result does careless work, thus defeating the purpose of the lesson. Nearly all written exercises are done in school under the watchful eye of the teacher. In the lower grades sentence work only is required; gradually the pupils gain the power to reproduce the stories of the reading and literature lessons, and to write up the accounts of the imaginary journeys in geography. They keep a journal, a weather record, a notebook for their obser\ations in nature study and their themes in histoPi-. Finally they arrive at the stage of original composition. No slovenly work is accepted. Litllr re-writing is permitted. The first draft must represent the best effort of which the pupil is capable. Formal language lessons are few in number. Under this head the dictates of custom in punctuation, capi- talization and sentence structure may be considered. Although the study of grammar is deferred until the seventh year, the more common grammatical terms ma\' be used freely as occasion recjuires much earlier in the course. Nature Study The work in Nature Study is based on tlic child's observation and experience. All reading that is done in connection with this subject follows, not precedes, original investigation. The materials are the e\cr\' da\' natural surround- ings of the child, seen so far as possible in their natural environment. In determining the order of subjects and the methods followed, the teacher .should be guided \cr\' largely by the season of the year and the stage iif llu- development of the pupil. The purpose of Nature Stud\- may be stated brielly as follows: Page 102 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL It develops the perceptive faculties, strengthens the imagination and develops the reflective powers. It aims to cultivate the esthetic sense. It gives "an insight into the laws of Nature and teaches the child to make use of these laws in answering his reasonable needs." It inculcates moral and spiritual lessons, leading to greater sympathy, kindliness and consideration. Geography "Geography is the study of the earth as the home of man." In presenting the subject the teacher should choose topics which will lead the pupil to see how races and people have been affected by natural environment, and how natural conditions have been and may lie changed and modified to best serve the interests of mankind. The method chosen should be one calcu- lated to develop the power of reasoning from cause to effect, the ability to see rela- tions, and the faculty of correct judgment. In this subject, as perhaps in no other, is there an opportunity to add to knowledge, to give breadth of thought, a wider experience, greater toler- ance and liberality, and therefore a more profound culture. History The outline which follows later indicates the scope of the work in this subject. The presentation should be original, broad and vigorous. The great lessons drawn from a consideration of the records of past events should find expression in the life and conduct of the citizens of the future. "It is the aim of history A Conference -ilh Miss Leonard in Hie Christian Association Room r^i^Msrj a irtri^^irn instruction to socialize a child; that is, to make him more regardful of the interests of others, less stublwirn and isolated in his individuality; that is, less .selfish." In the lower grades the lessons in histor>- are pre- sented in stor\' form. The children are required to reproduce what has been told and to exercise their thought power at every possible opportunity. In the seventh grade the more formal studyof historyis begun. In all grades the children are retjuired to study maps in connection with this subject. The>- are required to sketch freely, to indicate movements of armies, and to locate places of historical interest. Page 103 I>ENNSYIJVAN1A STATE NORMAL SCHOOL Page 104 ^mm^ tMIS«MM«l«MWIBaSEaa8iBggEBBMBtfWI8tMi<3maiMW^^ :i Page 105 CD I>ENIsrSYLVANlA STAXE NOR-JVIAL SCHOOL Supplementary reading is providc-d, ihe tcaclur low- drawing upon the best literature for incidents and illii descriptions w-hich will make the lessons vivid a]id lun impressive. Pictures are used to show the mode of mu dress and the manners and customs of the people of fou different periods. ma Much attention is given to the details of the de- ( vilopiiicnt of civilization, and strong emi)hasis is Ihe ])laced up<jii ihr industrial, social and moral relations of niankind. Arithmetic " Unless there is to be arrested development, when ihe child enters .school, some liinction must be found with reference to which he may utilize his ability to count — the number sense becomes vitalized and truly educative at this point by being largely directed towards thedefinition III values in the form or meas- urements," In the first grade the e.\er- cises are chiefly counting and making comparisons, and number teaching is incidenlal to practically all subjects I. night. In the .second grade more stress is placed iiijon number as a differentiated ^tudy, and from this time on it occupies its separate and distinctive place on the daily program. The work in the er clas.ses is very largel>- objective and many strativc devices are used. Stress is placed upon daniental combinations and processes. These St be thoroughly mastered, as they constitute the ndation upon which the entire superstructure of 1 hematics rests. )ral work is prominent in all grades. It includes (le\clopment of detinilions, processes, and forms Page 106 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL and exercises in reasoning and dclerniining results witli accuracy and rapidity. All work of this kind is reasonably simple and of such nature as will be suggested by the interests and demands of daily life. The teacher must see that all statements made by the children arc in clear, smooth and correct English. In all the written work sufficient attention must be given to forms of expression to insure accuracy in thought, and to teach the import- ance of system and neatness. There must be a constant stimulus to accurate, rapid and independent work. It is not deemed necessary to spend any great amount of time upon "over-difficult and complicated problems and obsolete topics not needed in modern life," but every possible application should be made to existing condi- tions— industrial, governmental, commercial and social. Spelling Every class is a spelling class in the sense that the teacher of each subject should see to it that the pupils spell correctly the inl- ine )rtant words used in each lesson. Oral spelling should precede written exercises of any nature in order that the children maybe prevented from writing words incorrectly and thus become impressed witli wrong forms. The spelling lesson has a definite place on the daily program, and lists of words suggested by the needs of each class may be supplemented by lists of carefulh' graded words chosen from the spelling book regularly used. Diacritical marking and syllabication are import- ant phases of the work. Course of Study in the Training School Kii.vuiNG First Year 1. The sentence is the Unit of Expression. Think the sentence as a whole. 2. Emphasize the unit. 3. Analysis of Sentences into Words. 4. Analysis of Words into letters and sounds. 5. Reading as a thought process. 6. Dramatization. Material. — The first reading lessons should be based -upon observations of Nature and upon Page 107 PENNSYLVANIA SXAXE N0R,]VIAL SCHOOL poi'iiis and sloncs iiswl in same I'Diincction; also stories told lor the sake of their h'terary or clliical merit iiia\- he em[)loyed in the same manner. Texts: The Arnold Primer — Sil- \er, Burdettc & Co.; Stepping Stones to Literature — Silver, liurdette & Co.; Sunbonnet Babies— Rand, McN'ally Co.; Cyr's Dramatic Readers — C.inn & Co.; Cyr's Primer — C.inn & Co.; Mother Goose Melodies (Dramatized by (liildren); Cyr's Dramatic Reader — C.inn & Co. ; The Pro- gressive Road to Reading. PL.\rE Work In the first two grades no special period is set apart for Geograjihy, but all necessary ideas, as direction, points of the compass, location, sea- sons, prevailing winds, etc., are taught incidentally with Nature and Literature, p'orms of water are ob- served and in connection with their study many beautiful poems and songs are taught. Field le.s.sons afford opportunities for observing Land and Water forms, which may be reproduced on the Sand Table. N.\TfKK STfDV The children must have an opp(jr- Itmity of studying the actual living specimens. Many of the specimens will live and grow in the school- Page 108 II PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORM^AL SCHOOL room. Short excursions on the grounds or to the woods are abso- lutely necessary. The language and drawing may be profitably based on this work. September. — Child's interest in ihini^s about him: Plant life; Insect life. Literature and History 1. Stories: The Sleeping Apple; Little (".oldenrod; The Ori- gin of the Goldcnrod and Aster; The Little Maple Leaves; The Grandmother of the Dolls; Miss Sumach. 2. Poems: Only One Mother; Where Did You Come From, Babv Dear; The Land of Nod ; Selections from Mother Goose and Nursery Rhymes; Sleep, Baby, Sleep. Special Days Doll Day^Let dolls of every kind and nationalit>' be repre- sented. Have pupils bring doll carriages and cradles, doll houses and furniture. Flower Day — Select Class Flower. Tell flower stories and poems; sing flower songs. Nature Study October. — Individual Functions. The Analogy of Nature — Leaves — Fall changes, the fall- ing leaves. Page 109 PENNSYL.VANIA STATE NORIVLAL SCMOOL ■^1 '■'^■^ — istory ot seeds, t heir many ways r)f travcTT Edible seeds. Special /Iw/wa/— S()iiirrel- (Jbservations <if M|uir- rels on the school grounds. LlTIiR.VrURE 1. Stories: Seedhngs on the Wing; The Little Brown Seed; A Little Red Hen. 2. Poems: Aliee's Supjier; A Million l.ilde Dia- monds; The Baby; The Sunshine i'airy. Special Days Ilallo'ice'en, meaning. Spirit — (St(jries of Brownies and Fairies — Doing deeds of kind- ness.) Gaines — (To be pla\ed indoors.) Nulling Day. NATiiRE Study November — Harvest — riianksgiving. Nature. Place of Indi- vidual. NatureandMan. Thank- fulness. Preparation for Winter. Our Indebtedne.ss to .'\ninials on Farms. LlTKKATllRt; AND HISTORY 1. Preparation for Thanks- .liiving. 2. Stories: The Farmer and ^^ the Miller; The Lion ^^1 I and the Mouse; 'Cause ^M If The>- Did Not Think; r-^K^K """■ Thrift\- Squirrels; '^S-^iBS Cinderella.' 3. Poems: Thanksgiving Day; Little Children You Should Seek; Hearts Like Doors Will Open with Ease. Special Days Thanksgiving Day^ChWArm in Pilgrim and Indian ( ostuines. Contributions by Children -Fruits, vegetables, etc., for poor. Dramatization — Stories and poems. Nature Study Page 110 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORKIAL SCHOOL December. — Christmas: Doing and rii\ing. Winter — Frost, ice, snow (beauties of Nature). Heat — Experiments in evaporation. Ways of heating our homes. Primitive ways of keeping warm. Show pictures of primitive firephices. Animal Hfc; Study of evergreens. LlTER.\TURE 1. Santa Clans. A name for every one who is either givingor doing for others. His work for others; how we get ready for him; how we can help him. 2. Stories: Story of the First Christmas; Story of the Christ Child — A. H. Proudfoot; A Bird's Christmas — Child World; Legend of St. Chris- topher— Wiltse; Dorothy's Christ- mas Eve — Half Hundred Stories; The Fir Tree — Hans Andersen; The Shepherds and Sheep — Bilile Story. 3. Poems: A Visit from St. Nicholas — Whittier's Child Life; Santa Claus and the Mouse— Child World ; The Christmas Cat — F. D. Sherman ; Bo-Peep. Special Days Christmas Exercises — Songs; Santa Claus' Christmas Tree, hung with gifts made by pupils. Literature and Nature Study January. 1. Divisions of time taught. 2. Trades. New things that have come to us. 3. Snow. "He giveth snow like wool." 4. Sports of American Children. Little Visit ; 5. Imaginar\- journey to the Northland. 6. Animal Life: Pet ralibits kept in schoolroom. Story of Molly Cottontail (selected parts). 7. Stories: The Fairies' New Year Gift — Child World; The Ugly Duckling — Andersen; What Broke the China Pitcher — Cat Tails; Snowflake Story — Andersen; The Three Bears and Golden Locks. 8. Poems: Winter; Little White Feathers. Literature and History Page 111 FENNSYUVAISIIA STATE N0RM:AL SCHOOL February — Patriotism. Formation of ideas of patriot- ism, heroes, birthdays. The black child of the South. Heroes: Washington; Lincoln. Other brave men — Postmen, Policemen, Fire- men. Brave women and children. Brave dogs. Stories: Goody Two Shoes — Child World; Phil's First \alentine — Child World; A True Pigeon Story — Child World; The Constant Dove — .-Esop. I. 2. 3- 4- 5- 6. SPECI.\L D.^YS Lincoln Day; St. Valentine's L-)a>-; Washington's Birthday. X.vTURK Study March — Beginning of Spring. General Topics. Trees — Maple Trees; observe changes, sap flowing, sugar making. Buds — Horse Chestnut; watch fknelopment. Birds — Watch and note rt'turn of hircls. Supplementary work. LlTER.\TURE 1. Stories: The Meeting of the Winds — Child World; The Maple Tree's Surprise — Child World; Why the Teakettle Boiled Over- Turner; The Figure Fairies — Turner; The Wind and the Sun — ^^isop. 2. Pncms: What the Winds Bring — Stednian; The Swing — Stevenson; How the West Wind Helped the Dandelion; Niglit Wind — Fugcne Field. SiMXi.vL Days Japanese Doll Festival (March 3). N.\TiTRE Study April — The awakening of new life is the undtrhiiig thought for the month. General topics. Animals. Rabbit, fo.\, turtle. Birds. LlTER.\TURE Stories: Madonna of the Lilies; The Easter Hare — Plan Book; Bible Storv of Easter; .A Le.sson of Faith— Child World. ' Poems: The Lib' of the Resurrection — Lucy Lar- com; The Lily's Whisper — Child Garden; Seven Times One — Jean Ingelow. Page 112 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORIvIAL SCHOOL Special Days Easter Egg Hunt. Nature Study May —Life in Nature; growth. I.lllCKATlKK Stories: Mr. Dana's Dinner — Shy Neighbors; Our Rain Frogs; The Scarecrow; The Nest of Many Colors; Legend of Robin — Norse and In- dian; Origin of Woodpecker — Cook's Nature Myths. Poems: We Ha^■e a Secret, Just We Three; My Shadow; Bed in Summer. Special Days May Day; Memorial Da>-. Nature Study June — Plants; Oliserve motion; The Flower Mission — June Plan Book. Literature Stories: Origin (jI liullcK ups — Hutlercuj) (".old anil Other Stories; How the SJiooting Stars Came to Earth; Barnyard Talk (from the Norwegian) — Child World; The Farmer and the Birds — Child World. Poems: The Bluebird's Story; The Maiden and the Bluebird ; The Sweet Red Rose. Special Days Exhibition of Industrial and Art Work; Flower Da>-. Picture Study Through the picture the artist is introduced. Tell interesting incidents in life of artist. St. Anthony of Padua; Madonna of the Lilies; Ma- donna of the Chair — Raphael ; Feeding Her Birds —Millet; The Churning— Millet; Two Mothers and Their Family; The Helping Hand; Pictures of Dutch Life by Israels, Bloomers, Maria Oakes Woodbury. Number Children entering the first grade have already a con- siderable stock of number ideas. The number sense is then quite alert. The teacher should see that none of this is lost, but that the development thus indicated continues rationally without break. The first exercises should be coimting and making comparisons. Materia! Needed — Blocks, splints, spool, acorns, horse chestnuts, shells, etc., are valuable for counting. Every child should have a foot rule, marked in inches for measuring, and objects of various sizes for com- parison. I Page 113 ^^m^ PENNSYX.VAN1A STATE NORMAL SCHOOL 1. Connliniz — In counting, the chiltl gets an idea of I lie whole, the parls. and the hoia many. Idea of measurement developed. I. An unknown quantity is given to the I hiid, as 12 blocks. Separate them into two Cfiual parts; then combine parts to make the whole. Idea broadened. I. Measurement of length. Idea of Unit made more definite. Idea of "times" emphasized. Symmetrical grouping of objects with symbols. Recognition of a unity at a glance as measured by its smallest unit without counting. 2. Systematic Work with quantities as represented by figures. Simple work with two, three, four, etc., as far as ten. This work should he parting and wholing — separate 8 into two p.irts, each part into two parts, and so on; ilun reconibine by twos. Notation of numbers to loo. Outline. Reading and writing numbers to loo. First twenty-five combinations of two lutnilicrs whose sum does not exceed ten. Correct oral expressions of simple addition, subtraction, multiplication and division facts. Perception of '4, ' s with symbols. Inch, 2 inches, 3 inches to 12 inches. Much applied work. l.\DusTRi.\L Work Motor expression in Reading, Nature Study, Litera- ture and History. Page 114 ^^m^ Page 115 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORIVIAL SCHOOL REAnixn Pupils shoukl CO ers ;ukI nnich Texts: Stopping Readers; 'FIu' Stories and Fa Primer, .-Esop ("lassie Storie Life. Little PI; Natitkk Stuijy September. Fall wild (lowe Second Year mpletc at least three Second Read- supplementary- reading matter. Stones to Literature, The Baldwin Heath Readers, Book IL: Fairy hie. The Three Dwellers, Hiawatha Fables, Pets and Companions, s, ("irimm's Fairy Tales, Animal ays for Little People. rs, leading up to "Fall Seed Slui A SNOWBOl/NO CAMPOS Legends of National Flowers. Trees to be observed. Migration of Birds. LlTER.\TURE 1. Stories: Story of Kugene I-ield — September Plan Book; Clytie — .A Sunliower Story — Cook's Myths; The Happy Famil\- — .Adapted from Hans Andersen; .Araneina — The Origin of the Spider — Cook's Mvlhs; The Conceited Apple Branch — Child World. 2. Poems: September — Lillle Bo\- Bhic; Wxnken, Blynken and Nod. Spi:ri.\L D.\Y Flower Day — Select class flower; give legends of the flower; sing flowiT songs. .\aii:rh Study October. I rrc stiuh' continued. Fall seed study — re\iew with puiiils liow and where seeds are formed. Outline for seed study. Means of transportation. Wings, Hooks, S|)rings, Sails. Metamorphosis of the cabbage catcrpill.ir. Study grasshop])er in home (ininjunKiil . I ITI'.KATl-RE 1. Stories: Story of Helen Html Jackson; The Baby Buds' New Clothes; .Apjile Seeil John; Story of Columbus; The Three Chestnut Boys; Ruth and the Cdeaners; Psyche's Task; The Lazy Cirasshopper. 2. Poems: October; How the Leaves Cami' Down; The Milkweed Case; The Children's Hour; The Mountain and llir Sc|ulrr(i. SiM-x i.\i. Days Hallowe'en; Columbus Day. Naturk Study Page 116 V^t^^ .JS^ PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORIvIAL SCHOOL November. Study of corn in shock. Review vegetiibles. How stored for winter. The life of an apple from lilossoni to storing for winter. Interde|)endence — Discussion of our mode of liv- ing. Literature and History 1. Corn Lileraliire: Hiawatha's Fasting; Hiawatlia Blessing the Cornfields; Joseph and the Corn (Bible Story); The Huskers — Whittier; Corn Song — Whittier. 2. Historical Literature: The Pilgrims in England; The Pilgrims in Holland ; The Voyage to America; Tlie Landing — Plymouth Rock; Their Relations to the Indians — Samosct, Squanto, Massasoit; The Assistance which the Pilgrims received from the Indians. Special Day Hiawatlia dramatized — sevt'u scenes. Last scene — Pilgrims and hidians seated around a table heaped with fruit, vegetables and grain. Final Song — America. Nature Study December It is the beautiful in literature which should be emphasized in order to develop the highest spiritual thought. General topics. Animal Life. Camel (large picture). Prepara- tion— The Wi.se Men of the East (Story). Evergreens — Leading up to the Christmas thought. Liter.ature I. Stories: The story of the First Christmas; Christmas Cuckoo; Christmas in the Barn — Child World. 2. Poems: Piccola — Celia Thaxtcr; Children's Song — See Hans Brinker; Kris Kringle — T. B. Aid- rich; A Story of the Forest — K. D. Wiggins. Special Day Christmas Exercises. A Christmas Tree; Santa Claus; Christmas Carols and Songs. Industrial and Art Work Lessons to illustrate the Christmas stories; Make a Cliristmas token appropriate to the grade; Con- tinue raiiia and reed work. Literature and History fill Page 117 FENNSYIJVAlMlA SXAXE NORNIAL SCHOOL January — '1 he New Year. "The Fairies' x\'e\v Year Gift" (Story). Let the aim be to present this story in such a way that the children ma\- understand the moral lesson taught. 1. General Topics. 2. Special Study of the Kskimo (continued). 3. Study of the Animals of the North — Seal, beaver, bear. 4. Birds of the North — Duck, stork, swan. 5. Stories: Janu; The King and His Wonder! u I Castle; The Storks and the Babies — Ander- sen ; A Legend of the Northland — Care> ; The Stor\- Mother N.iture I'ljld J, me An- drews; The SnowHake Stor\- — Andersen, 6. Poems: Phebe, or Little Red Ridinghood — Whiltier; Little People of the Snow —Bryant; Snowbound — Whittier; Ten True Friends. SpEci.\L Day Hans Christian Andersen. Dramatization of Andersen's stories. Nature Study the UKinlh -p.itriotisni. lo\c, 1 the tenderness and (IcNdtion to its a gen February — Thoughts for reverence. Bird — Dove — A sNinbul nl constancy, as shown ii mate and little ones. Imaginary journey to the South. LlTER.\TURE AND HiSTORV 1. Heroes. Washington — As a surve\dr, a soMier, eral, a President. Lincoln — (Enlarge upon outline fcjr hrst grade). 2. War stories. History of Our Flag. .A Week with Longfellow. Stories: The Tower i>f Ju^licc LongtellDw; The Kmperor and the Bird's Nest; A Wise Old Horse— Child World: Lord Cornwallis' Knee Buckles— Child World. Poems: Barbara Fritchie (selected parts); Paul Revere's Ride (selected parts); C'hil- (iri-n's Hour (selected parts). 7. Historical Calendar — kept b>' pupils. Si'EciAi, Days Si. Valentine's Da\-; Washington's Birtlida>'; Long- fellow Day. Nature Study 3- 4- 5- (). Page 118 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORT^AL SCHOOL March. — Opening of a new season. Indications of Spring. Effect of different animals on soil, on vegetation. Special observations. Twigs — Pussy willow, lilac, maple, horse-chest- nut. LlTER.\TURE .\ND HiSTORY 1. Life of primitive people. 2. Study of the country. 3. Stories: The Four Winds and Hiawatha; Ulysses and the Bag of Winds; Hermes — Cook's Nature Myths; The Windmills of Hol- land. 4. Poems: Night Wind — Kugene Field; The Maiden and the Weather Cock — Longfell(iw: Sweet and Low — Tennyson. Nature Study life -Animal and vegetable, bulbs, and roots; where ~ tadpoles, ■urn. frogs, toads. AprU. — Germs of Atiimal. Vegetable — Nuts, plant? found; how protectee Observations. Animal life — Crayfish, Plant life — Bean, pea, i Summary of al>ove. Trees — Continue observation; historical trees. LiTER.ATURE Stories: The Goddess of the Silk Worm: King Alfred's Candles: The Moon God — Wiltse; The Moon Maiden — Wiltse; Iris — Jiidd's Classic Myths; Rainbow Fairies; Old ScjI's Rainbow — Cat Tails. Special Day Arbor Day. Nature Study May. — Special Study of Horse-chestnut Twigs — buds in last stage of development. Comparison of Bean plant and Pea plant grown in the schoolroom. Bird Trades — Lead the children to discover in their outdoor lessons that there is as much dif- ference in the architecture of nests as of homes, as to material, form, skill and beauty. Relation of animals to soil — Earthworm: wliere found; form; parts; use. Flowers — Brought into the schoolroom and grown in the schoolroom. Page 119 PENNSYLVANIA STATE N0R.]V1AL SCHOOL Page 120 o Page 121 FENNSYLVANlA STATE NOR-IMAL SCHOOL PaKc 122 U. pennsyuvAniA state nori^Al school Literature 1. Stories: Carl and the EarthwDrms — \\iltsc; ThcCircenics — Andersen; The Legend of the Willow — (From the Russian); The Three Wishes — (An Indian legend); Days of the Week — From "Other Lands;" Blunder — Cyr's Third Reader. 2. Poems: Bird Trades — Plan Book; Wings —Mary F. Butts; May — O. B. Brown. Special Days May Day; Memorial Day. Nature Study June — Review "June Questions" of first grade. Flowers — Weat her jirophets. Things for pupils to find out: What animals crawl. What animals have no legs. What animals feed after dark. What animal has no eyes. \\'hat animals have webbed leet. What insects buzz, hum. chirp, croak, hiss, hoot, coo. Literature 1. The Culian Children — pictures of Cuban Chil- dren in their native town. — The home, games, education, dress and customs. 2. Clara Barton and the Red Cross. 3. Stories: Ceres; Amy Stewart — Wiltse; Bees' Pockets — Wiltse; The Wise King and the Bee — Cook; How the Shooting Stars Came to Earth — Child Garden. 4. Poems: The Pimpernel — Selected ; Flowers Are Cousins to Children — Kindergarten News; A Song of Clover — Saxe Holm; The Four- U'af Clover — \'(iulh's C Fairies — A. C. Hopkins; — Selected. )inpanion ; The Pansy A Little Girl's Fancies Picture Studies Puritan Pictures — Boughton; Madonna Pictures — Murillo; Child Life Pictures — Jessie Willco.x Smith; First Steps — Millet; Animal Pictures — Cats, Madam Ronner and Adam; Dogs, Landseer; Sheep, Rosa Bonlieur and Anton Mauv; The Strawberry Girl — Reynolds; The Lesson — Bougercau. Page 123 PENNSYIJVANIA ©TAXE NORP^^Ak-L SCHOOL with symbols.fractions, disks, picture circles on board, etc. Idea of square inch devel- oped, and sim]jle meas- urements of surfaces by square-inch tablets. Simple idea of volume. Liquid measure complete. Roman numerals I-XIl, inclusive. Related facts (12 in a doz. ; 24 hours in a day). Industri.m. Work Motor expression in Read- ing, Nature Study, Liter- ature and 1 li^.torv. Third iYear Ri..\i>i.\(, Durinj; this year pupils should read at least fi\e Third Readers, together with such sujjplementary reading as ma\' be correlated with their work in nature stud\ . histoiy, geography and literature. At the end of this year pupils should be able to cad readily and in pleasing style, matter within their comprehension in thought and language. Texts: Robinson Cnisoe-Maldwin; Fifty Famous Stories — Baldwin; Old Creek Stories — Baldwin: Third Reader — Carroll and Brooks; Dramatic Reader, Book IL — Stevenson. NUMBKR Oullinc Review work of first >-ear. Notation and numeration continued by teaching "100" as a new unit. Writing numbers as far as l.ooo. Perception of any simple work with 1-2, 1-4, 1-8, I-16, 1-3, 1-9; 1-2, 1-5, l-io; 1-2, 1-7, 1-14, Page 124 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL Literature In the third grade we wish to bring a number of m>thical stories vividly before the children; therefore, we base the work on Hawthorne's "Wonder Book," using three periods a week during the winter term. The best stories for use in this grade are, The Golden Touch, The Miraculous Pitcher, The Gorgon's Head. "These stories introduce to the children the company of simple, but great characters, whose deeds of gen- erosity and unselfishness are the climax of the stories." "These earh' myths afford also an interesting approach to the history and gcograph>- of many important countries." The cliildren should be led to see that these stories are made up of .several .shorter stories, which they may name for themselves. Other literature suitable for use in this grade: — ,Eso|i's Fables; Story of Joseph — Bible. Memory Work September — Helen Hunt Jackson; One, Two, Three — H. C. Bunner; How the Leaves Came Down — Susan Coolidge; The WLse Fairy — Alice Gary; The Miller of the Dee — Charles Mackay; The Child's World — Lilliput Lectures; A Visit from St. Nicholas— C. C. Moore; A Dutch Lullaby- Eugene Field; Robert of Lincoln — Wm. CuJlen Bryant; The Sandpiper — Celia Thaxter. Books to he Read to the Children The Children's Hour — Book I; The Story Hour — Kate Douglas Wiggin ; Black Beauty — AnnaSewall. In all of this work the children should be encour- aged to dramatize, and illustrate on blackboard, or with ink, water-colors or charcoal, the stories they study. N.\TURE Study Fall. September Flowers; Special study of Clover. Migration of Birds; Nuts, PVost. Special Study of the Rabbit. The Arcadt if the Dande- with In- particu- of early Spring Birds; Wild Flowers — Special slud> lion. History Discovery of America; stories connected diana; stories suitable for national h()lida>f larly stories of bravery; communilj- life settlers. Lanc.uage Guide Book to English — Harris and Selected Lessons. In the fall and spring terms the work in Nature Study and History will furnisli a basis for the Lan- guage work. During the latter part of November and in December the work will be based upon the Thanks- giving and Christmas holidays. Gilbert. Page 125 FENNS-YJJVAlMlA SXAXE TSTORMLAL SCHOOL The work planned fur litt-raturc will lie the basis fur the Language work during the winu-r term, logellier with stories from history. No attempt is to be made to force techniciue upon the jnipils before it is needed, but as difficulties arise and tlefinite instruction is required, such instruction should be given in definite lessons and repeated till the jjointsare made perfectly clear, andVight habitsstarlcd. a Suggested Mxercises. Telling stories for oral reproduction, followed by written re[)roduction. nictation,- always of con- nected thought. Silent reading of short selections by the children, who afterwarf Is reproduce them orall\-. llluslralion U[)oii paper or blackboard of scenes and stories reproduced by them. Memorizing of one poem each month. 1 )ramatizalion of stories, poems antl pictures. I (tier writing. I'icture lessons. I )ail\' written lessons on the blackboard. I'en and ink work begun. Interest the ]iup\] in good language. I lelp him to make it a habit. Work for Huency, but attentl also to sentence structure. Teach proper capitalization and pi. icing of title; margin; inden- tation of hrst line; use of capitals, periods and fjuestion marks. Begin use of quotation marks. C",icf)f;K.\Pnv First term — None. Second term — One da>- a week. The Tree Dwellers. Third Term — The Cave Peo[)le, Seven Little Sisters, Wants of Man, (_)ur Homes, ()ur Neighbors, and Page 126 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORIVIAL SCHOOL Ourselves, Maps of schnolrooni and village. Village of Indiana — name (why so called), location, physical features of the locality, history and growth, organiza- tion, productive occupations, commercial occupations, educational and social institutions, government. Industrial and Art Work Prang's Course of Study in Art; modeling in plasti- cine, w-eaving of rugs, washcloths and dolls' hammocks. Material — Roving, macreme, cord, cheese-cloth. Picture Sliiily — two each term. Landing of the Pilgrims — Boughton; Arri\-al of the Shepherds — Lerollc; The First Step — Millet; Children of Charles I — Van Dyke; The Pet Bird — Meyer von Bremen; Piper and Nutcracker — Landsecr. Arithmetic Milne's Progressive Arithmetic. — First Book, to Page 170. Books not in the hands of the pupils till the subject is thoroughly tauglit, thus using thini only for drill. At least fifteen minutes of oral work should be given at the beginning of each recitation. Simple problems should be written out on paper. Every subject should be developed through the handling of various concrete materials. Each child should handle the material and should construct and do at every step of the process. Each step must be sup- plemented by the introduction of many like problems. Spelling and Writing Graded School Speller, Spaulding and Miller. Every written lesson should be a writing lesson. In every lesson only the best written work is to be accepted from the pupil. Special attention is to be paid to the form, slant and uniform size of the letters, and much practice in board work is to be given. Pen and ink work is begun in this grade. Shaylor and Shattuck Medial Writing Books. Fourth Year Reading The pupils should now be able to read fluent !>■ and for the sake of what they read. While continued at- tention should be paid to the art of reading, the pupils Page 127 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORIvIAL SCHOOL slioiihl always realize thai they are reading as adults read — to f^ct the thought of the author — and not for the sake of going through the exercise. They should also think about reading to entertain their classmates. Texts: Old Stories of the East— lialdwin ; The Louisa .\lcott Reader; Silver Burdett Reader — I'ourth Book, Child's f'larden of Verses, Selections; Fourth Reader — Carroll and Brooks. LiTER.VTURE The work during this year is based on "Rol)in Hood," as arranged by Howard P\le. "In theoral treatment of these stories the teacher must thoroughly enjoy the stories herself, and in giving them to the children, lose herself in the lone and spirit of the ac- count." These stories give an insiglu into Knglish cus- toms, feudalism, Knglish character, and Knglish Ijallad lilcralurr The ballads associated with Robin Hood should be read to the children. During this year, we study Stevenson, Longfellow and Whit tier and memorize the fol- lowing poems: The Land of Slors' Books, MxShaflow, Bed in Sinnmer, The Wind — Rcjberl Louis Stevenson. The Children's Hour, Tlie Village Blacksmith, Paul W. Longfellow. H.ircfooi Boy, In Si hool Days —John G. Whittier. .SInrics which should be Read to the Children - Birds' Christinas Carol — Wiggins; Little Lord Fauntleroy — Burnett. The Children's Hour, Vol. IL Revere's Ride — Henry The Corn Song, Pli ;|| Page 128 [ PENNSYLVANIA STAXE NORIvIAL SCHOOL Nature Study Fall Term. Seed Dispersal; Leaves; Fruits — special study (if "The Grape;" Trees and Forests. Spring Term. Seed GcrminaliDii; Elcnientar>- Forestry (Hodge); Insects of the Household ; Buds. Hlstory Story of tied the Greek Bo>-; Insl il iilional Life of the Barbarous hulians; Stories relatetl to national lioli- days; Stories of Pennsylvania. Pictures should lie used at every step, and models of the jieople, houses, and ships should be made. Language Guide Book to English; pages 70-141. As in the third grade, the language work is based on the work in Nature Study during the fall and spring terms, and on Literature in the winter term, with His- tory lessons throughout the year. Suggested Exercises. Continue the work of the third grade in sentence construction and in the correct use of senten- ces of different kinds. Require much oral reproduction, and original work, both oral and written; oral work should always precede written work. Give attention to paragraijhing and correct use. Compositions may now take definite form. Give lessons in letter writing, seeing that all the details are properly observed. Encourage freedom and independence of expression, making outlines broad. Encourage children to find and reproduce short anecdotes and short stories of animals. Select and copy choice paragraphs. ri Geography First Term. Pennsylvania studied according to General Out- line for study of a Cf)ntinent. Name — spelling; significance or history. Page 129 o K PENNSYLVANIA ©TAXE NORNIAL. SCHOOL Climate — lead pupils to diso)\ir. Products — vegetable, animal and niiiieral. Type stud>-. Industries — what — dediued by ehildrtii honi previous knowledge gained; how carried on. Commerce and means of transportation. Political division. Cities — lead children to dclerniine where great centers of population nuist be, and why; teach names and location of important cities by tak- ing a trip around the stale. Ciovernment — form; leading officials; capital city. Additional points concerning pi'ople material condition; education; religion; hislorx'. Second Term. "The l-'.arth and Its People" — W'inslow, Lessons I XXIV.; Making of relief maps of the United States. Third Term. "The F^arth and Its People" — completed. JNDl STRI.VL AND ART WoRK S.implers showing chain, lil.inkd. oulline. over h.'iiding and cross stitches. Stenciled mat. Stenciled and emlinii(l( red book-bag. .\rliclcs from tilo-matling. Prang's Course in .-Nrl. Pidiire Study: Pilgrim l-^xiles -Boughlou; Adora- tion of Shepherds — Bougereau ; Song of the Lark — Breton; Aurora — C.uido Reni; Shoeing the Horse — Landseer; Morning in the Highlands — Bonheur. Arithmictic Milne's Progressive .^rilhmclic h'irst Book, Pages 170 to 288. Book used for drill (juK . Corridor Tliird Floor. Thomas Sutton Hall I Position — indicate on map or globe; relative position; actual position. General shape — draw simple freehand outline map. Size — comparative; actual; time to cross, etc. Coast — extent and general character; indenta- tions and projections. Surface and soil — mountains; location; direc- tion; height; etTect on country; importance. Plains and valleys (same ])oints). Material needed — sand map, relief map. Drainage — lead children to see what character- istics of drainage must be; names and loca- tion of principal rivers and their importance to man; special study of a few typical rivers. (Ohio in Pennsylvania.) Page 130 v^f!^^ PENNSYLVANIA STATE NOR-MAL SCHOOL Spelling and Writing Graded School Speller — Book III. Everv written lesson a writing lesson. Shayior and Shattuck Medial Writing Books. Hygiene "Good Health." Fifth Year Reading and Literature Stepping Stones to Literature — Book Four, The Health Reader — Book Four, and matter selected from good literature approjiriate to the work of the grade. Supplementary reading based upon Hist<ir\-, Geography, Nature Study. Children are encouraged to take books Irom the school librar>- for home reading. Suggested Texts Short Stories from English History — Blaisdell; Favorite Greek Myths-Hyde; Black Beauty; Hiawatha; .American History Stories — Pratt; Plants and Their Children — Dana; Short Stories of Our Shy Neighbors — Kelly. Stories to be Read to the Children The Storv of Siegfried — Baldwin; Norse Stories — Mabie; Little Men— Alcott; Selections from Heart of Oak, Vols. 3, 4. 5- Nature Study Fall rem) . 1. Fall Flowers. 2. Garden Work. Fall e.xhibit of flowers and vegetables raised in gardens at home; gathering ol flower seeds. 3. Insects: Grasshopper and Cricket. Spring Term. I. Bird Study. "Our Common Birds — Their Life, Work antl Natural Knemies." Renew acc]uaintance and add to list of birds. Birds studied in their native liomes on Normal Campus. How to attract Birds to ( )ur Homes — Hodge. Chaps. 20, 21. Economic Value — Hodge. Study of songs and calls. Bird enemies; protection. ] ''^''''' I PENNSYLVANIA STAXE NORM^AL SCHOOL Bird (\-iisus. Ilavo children iii.ikf bird ronsus of Normal Canipus. Sec Modye, Chap. 19. Special s(ud\' of the robin, red-winged lilack- bird and i)nri>le urarkK-. Bird Day Exer- cises. 2. Wild Flowers. Continue work on llower caleniiar begun in Primary- grades. Add many llower^ lo list; continue field excursions. ,V I .;irden Work ; ( 'onipeli- tive I'Mower and X'egetable Culture. 4. Familiar Aquatic .Xni- nials; ihc common toad, its life story and work. 1 lisroRV The work in History is used as a basis for I.aniiuai;e work durini.; llie winter term. Stories of .American History. Tales of Troy — Dc Ciarmo. Stories of Norse Gods and 1 lerocs — Klingensmith. Knglish History Stories. Language The material for l,ini;uai.;e lessons is firawn from tin- child's en\ironmenl , and from other subjects of the curricu- lum — History , Lili-ral ure C.eogra|)liy,and Nature Study. Selected Lessons from Cooley; Language Lessf)ns from Literature — Rook I. Siitii^fsldl Kxcn i.scs Work of the third and fourth years continued. Writing of stories upon vari(jus topics. Use varied forms of composition. Letters written, and journals kept in connection with imaginary travels in Ceography. Both or.il and written reproduction of stories Page 132 'II Page 133 ■ II PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORMAL SCMOOL from Kiiglish Histmy, dreek and Norse mythology. Much story work in tonnertioii with lessons in Nature Studs. Description, biog- raphy and personification. Literary Society — stories and themes drawn from written work in language recitations, dramatizations and other txcrcises correlated with work in Literature, History and Nature Study. Gkography 1 . Short review of North America as a whole. (See outline for Study of Continent.) 2. United States, first as a whole, then by sections. New England States; Middle .\llantic States; Southern Slates; Central States; Western States. V ( anada and Newfoundland, first as a whole, then by sections. Trips and type studies; Fish- eries of Newfoundland and Last Coast ; Farm Life; Visit to Ottawa and Quebec; Winter Sports in Canada; With the Trap- per in Canada; the Lum- i)crman's Life in the St. Lawrence Basin. Page 134 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NOR-IVIAL SCHOOL 4. Mexico. Iiitniductory Lessons;Trips from Montreal to New- York; to Vera Cruz; Trips from Vera Cruz to City of Mexico; Products of tlie Coastal Plains; Silver Mines; Tropical Forests of Southern Mexico; Type Study — Cocoa. 5. Central America. Study of Central America may be brief, bringing out points in which that coun- trv differs from Mexico. The work may include a bird's eye view, reading lessons and a type study upon coffee. 6. South America. For general work see outline for stutly of continent — Fourth Year; Trips and Type Studies; A Trip on the Amazon; Life on the Pampas; Visit to City of Buenos Ayres; The Orinoco and the Llanos; Lip the Andes; Brazil and its People; Coffee Produc- tion; Rio de Janeiro and Santos — Fxporting Coffee. Industri.\l Work The work in the Fifth and Sixth Year is divided into two sections: a Page 135 PENNSYLVANIA SXAXE NOR-IVLAL SCHOOL W irk for Boys, ihk' mats; work luhistnal Rattan Whil I ling. ndustrial Work for Girls. Raffia — Indian baskets. Sewing. ("Iiildrcn slmulil U FIrawing I'raiig's Course of Study in Art — S u |) p 1 e m e n t a r y Work — Ajijilied Arts I )rawing Books. ridnre Study — Sistine Ma- donna— Raphael ; Return lo the Farm — Troyon; The Horse Fair — Rosa Boniieur; At the Water- ing Trougli — Dagnan- Houvcret; ("lirist in llu' Ic-mple — B(jnheur. Aki I iiMinic 1 ! .1 111 i 1 ton's liilcnucdiale .Xritlinietic — I'ifth Year. \\ Kl I IN(, All written exercises are considerefl as writing lessons. ( opy hook is used when needed for drill. Sha>lor iS: Shattuck System of Medial Writing. Si"i:i.i.iN(; Words for written e.verciscs are selected from the various lessons, and shoukl include words miss])elk'd or likely to he misspelled hy the children in any written exercise, irn 111 di\idf words into svl- md waste baskets. The u.se of the dictionary is encouraged. Lessons taken from (iradcd School SiuUer, Spaiild- ing iS: Miller. Mv(,n;NK "Emergencies." Page 136 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORlVlAL SCHOOL Sixth Year Reading and Literature Reading matter selected from standard authors, and, in so far as possible, correlated with theworkof theotherdepartments, particu- larly Nature Study, History and Geography. Siiiiofsled Texts Harper's Fourth Reader ; The Heath Reader — Book Five; The Story of the Greeks — Gucrber; Story of >^neas — Glark; Selections from Open Sesame, Vols. I, 2, 3. Stories to be read to the children: Ten Boys — Andrews; Heroes of ("hi\- alry — Maitland ; Wee Willie Winkic — Kipling; Legends of the Rhin<' Guerber; Hans Brinker — Dodge. Nature Study Fall Term 1 . l-'all Flowers. Study the life history of a few ot the familiar flowers growing near the school. The nasturtium, toad flax and scarlet geranium. 2. Garden Work. I'all e.xhibit of flowers and vegetables; gath- ering of seeds. 3. Insects: The Honey Bee. Spring Term. 1. Bird Study. Continue work of Fifth ^'ear. Special study of the oriole, catliird and English sparrow. Bird Day Exercises. 2. \Mld Flowers. Continue work of Fifth Year. 3. Competitive Flower Culture. 4. Insect Study. Lisects of the garden; Beneficial Insects; Continue insect study into Fall Term. Aim to complete life histories. Health Lessons Work based upon the Gulirk Ihgiene Series, Book One— Good Health. History The Story of the Romans; United States History Stories; Historical Stories of Europe and Asia. Jl Page 137 ||^ o PENNSYIA^NIA STATE NOR-IVLAL SCMOOL Language Much of ihc work in this ywir does iiol (HffiT mate- rially from that clone in the Fifth Year. The subject matter is drawn from the other subjects of the cur- riculum— History, Literature, Geograph\' and Nature Study. Work of the Fifth 'S'ear continued. Give considerable attention to the exact use of the sen- tence. Direct and indirect quota- tions. See that written work is divided into paragraphs in this as in all grades. Selected Lessons from ("ooley's Language Lessons from literature — Book L ( ■liCK^RAPHV I . Europe. The study of Europe is conducted, as was the study of North Amer- ica, by "trips" to the ])laces of interest and importance. The study of the grand division, as a whole, is taken up first and compared with North America as to relief, climate, drainage. (See outline for study of continent.) After the voyage of steamer from New York to London, each country is visited and special points noted. Asia. The study of Asia is conducted as was that of North .America and Furope. A few important topics are studied as centers and types. A general vii-w )f the I'ountry is gained bv Page 138 ^^m^ PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORIvIAL SCHOOL imaginary travels through the con- tinent. China, Japan and India are studied with greater attention to detail. Drawing Prang's Course of Study in Art. Picture Study — St. John and the Lamb — Murillo; The Angelus— Millet; The Lion of Lucerne; Spring — Anton Mauve; The Windmill — Gabriel. Industri.\l and Art Work Industrial Work. See Fifth Year. Arithmetic Hamilton's Intermediate — Sixth Year. Writing All written exercises are considered as writ- ing lessons. Copy book is used when needed for drill. Shaylor& Shattuck Sys- tem of Medial Writing. Spelling Words for written exercises should include words misspelled in any written exercise. Lessons taken from Graded School Speller — Spaulding & Miller. Hygiene "Town and Cit\'." Seventh Year Langu.\ge Literature. The Courtship of Miles Standish; Longfellow's shorter poems; The Christmas Carol; Rip Van Winkle; The Legend of Sleepy Hollow; The Wonder Book; \Vhittier's shorter poems; The White Seal. Kipling; Lives of the Hunted, Thompson; Biography of a Grizzly, Thompson. Theme Work. Closely correlated with other studies, especially with History, Geography and Literature. Iniag- inan.- journeys, dialogues, and personifications; Reproduction, character sketches and letter writing. Formal Language Work. Review and application of rules taught in pre- ceding grades. Punctuation, paragraphing and capitalization. Selected Lessons from Cooley's Language Lessons from Literature, Book II. Page 139 I>ENNSYI_VANIA STATE NORIVHAL. SCHOOL English Grammar. The simple sentenre and its parts — subject, predi- cate, complements, word and phrase modifiers. Analysis and tliagramming. The parls of speech. History History of the I'niled States; The I'eriod of Dis- covery and ICxjiloralion; The IVriod of Coloiiiza- ntioTi; t'(jl(ini.i! Wars; The Revolution ; Biography and Literature; Map- drawing ; Current His- tory. ( ".EOGR.VPHY Africa— The Islands of ihe Pacific ;Therni led States; Our Dependencies. Xature Study — Klemcntarj' Science Les- sons. Hygiene "The Body at Work." Arithmetic Hamilton's School Arith- metic, through Practical jMeasureineuts. Art The Work of the Seventh Year as indicated in the Prang Manual. Much Sui)pleineiUar>- W-ork. Picture Study — Japanese Prints; Da Vinci; Dupre; Hofmann. Indistriai. Work Sewing and Woodwork. Wl([ I ING .Ml writlen exercises are regarded as writing lessons, ("arekss tendencies are checked and care is taken to see that [nipils write neatly and legibly. Shaylor 6t Shattuck System of Medial \Vriting. Spelling C.radcd School Speller — Spaulding & Millir. Careful attention to spelling in every subject. Pajjc 140 ^'^m^ PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORlVlAL SCHOOL Eighth Year Language Literature. Evangeline; Twice Told Tales; The Great Stone P'ace; Biographical Stories; The Idylls of the King; The Vision of Sir Launfal; The Cricket on the Heartli; Enoch Arden; Wild Animals I Ha\e Known; Tennyson's shorter poems. Biography of leading P2nglish and Ameri- can writers. Theme Work. Based on Literature, History and Geography. Origina 1 composition. Let- ter-writing. English Grammar. Complete Maxwell's English Grammar. Analysis, parsing, diagramming. History History of the United States. The Constitution. Territorial Growth — increase in popula- tion and wealth. Inventions. The Cotton Gin; The Steamboat; Locomotive; Construction of railroads; Ocean steamships; Electrical in\ ontions. The War of 1812. The Me.xican War. The Slaven,' Question. Its rise and growth; effect upon the country. The Civil War; cause, duration, incidents, results. Reconstruction Period. Discovery- of gold, silver, petroleum and natural gas. The Spanish-American War. Immigration. Biography — Henry Clay, Daniel Webster, Lincoln Grant, Sherman, Sheridan, Lee. Map drawing. Ci\ics and Current History. Daily papers, lead- ing periodicals. Geography Europe — Asia. Much supplementary reading. Mapwork — composition. Geography generalized. ] Page 141 PENNSYJJVANIA STAXE NORMLAL SCMOOL Akitiimktk Hamilton's School Arithmetic, through Sijuarc Root. Art A course of study in Art — Prang Educaticjnal ( om- I)any. Much supplemcntan,- work. Picture Study — Reynoliis; ("orot. HvcilENE "Control of Body and Mind." Industrial Work A continuation of the work of the Seventh Year. Wkiting Sha\-lor& Shattuck System of Medial Writing. Spelling Ciradcd School Speller S[)auldinK 61: Miller. Ninth Year F.NGLISH Grammar; Literature; Composition. .Arithmetic Hamillon's and Milne'h Arithmetics. t oniplete the subject and review thoroughly the work of the preceding grades. .'\lgebr.\ Baiie>'s High School Algebra. History Mace's American History. M o n t g o m e r >'s .American History (Revised). Morey's Ancient Historw Latin Smiley & Storke — Beginner's Latin Book. ( iEOGR.\PHY — Laboratory Method. Mathematical. The earth as a sphere. Form, size, movements, effects; relation to the sun ; representation ; latitude, longil ude, zones. Page 142 ^#B^ PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL Physical. Land and water forms; Atmosphere and climate; Plant and animal life; Races of Mankind. Industrial and Commercial. Leading Industries of the World; Physical conditions upon which trade depends, Commodities of exchange ; Leading seaports, lake ports and river ports of the world; Great railroad centers; Rail- road and steamship routes. Ci\ ics Music Drawing Spelling Credit is given in the Normal Department for much of the work completed in the Ninth Year. Music in the Training School The music of the Training School is under the direct supervision of the Director of the Conservatory of Music, and is taught by members of the Supervisor's class. Members of the Senior class observe the work, and in turn are required to teach. The course of study is carefully prepared and the work of the grades conducted after the best known methods. Teachers are carefully trained in all that is required of an expert supervisor, and the music of the Training School is a pronounced feature. Course of Study for the Eight Grades First Grade Many rote songs well learned, with careful atten- tion given to quality of tone, sense of rhythm and development of pitch. Typical forms are selected leading to the subsequent work of teaching the ele- ments. Ear training, oral dictation, first rhythm form, monotone work, individual work, the phrase, the scale in song, the representation of scale, easy inter- val drill and much repetition is the work of the first year. Second Grade Work of first year continued. More difficult exer- cises in all phases of the work. Written dictation by teacher, reading music by motives and phrases a Page 143 lT PENNSYLVANIA SXAXE NORIVLAL SCHOOL written dictation, songs read at sight, continued drill in every phase of the work. Further dexelopment of rhythm forms. Fifth Grade All chromatics up and back a half-slep, usin.t; Hat. doul)lc-Hat and cancel. Much allcnlion paid lo sight reading (b>- phrase always) with such drill on single tones as may be necessary. Never losing sight of correct expression, quality of tone and all that leads to artistic singing. Sixth and Seventh Grades Sharp review. Minor scales. Three-part singing. Melody writing. Indisidual sight singing, biographi- cal sketches of great musicians. Fret|uenl recitals given b\' advanced students of the conservatory as a means of cultivating a taste for the best music. All major and minor keys mastered. ElC.HTH GR.\nE Bass clef taught to boys with changed voices. Three- and four-part singing. The Natural Music Course, Modern Music Course and New Kdticational Course arc all used in the Training School. The aim of the work in music is to full\ develop a love for the best, as well as the ability to sing at sight, in a truly musical manner, anvthing iilaced before the child. In the Principal's Secretary's Office M marked feature fratlu-r ih.in by single notes"), this being the basis of all subsefpient grade work. .A little written work b>- children, such as a staff, clef, letters, etc. Second rhythm form. Individual work. Third Grade Previous work continued. Two-part work begun. Written and oral dictation by teacher and pupils. Difficult interval work. .-Xfter beat-note carefully de- veloped. Extended rhythm forms. Development of ra|)id sight reading by means of phrase and period. Foi RTH Grade Careful review of previous work. Chromatics taught down and back a half-step, u.sing sharp, double sharp and cancel. The dotted (|uarter-note or third rhythm form note, two-part singing, oral and Page 144 School of Business PENNSYLVANIA STATE NOR,lVlAL SCHOOL Page 146 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORTvIAL SCHOOL THE SCHOOL OF BUSINESS FACULTY JAMES E. AMENT, LL. D., Principal ALVA E. KINSLEY, Head of Commercial Department Bookkeeping, Banking, Commercial Law, Burroughs Adding Machine (Position to be filled) Shorthand, Typewriting, Letter-writing, Office Methods M. C. GORDON, M. S. Arithmetic EDITH CHESEBROUGH, A. B. Algebra BERTHA AGARD Composition ELIZABETH WALSH Geography, Civics, U. S. History ETHEL ORR Grammar (Position to be filled) Spelling SUSAN APPELGATE Reading Page 147 I o PENNSYLVANIA STATE N0R,]VIAL SCHOOL The School of Business Foreword Successful men and woiiun of every calliiij; in life recognize the advantages of a thorough business edu- cation. To those who intend pursuing an active busi- ness career, sucli training is an indispensable aid, if not a necessity. For this rea- son, and in order to furnish teachers for business depart- ments in high schools, several \ lars ago the commercial de- partment was added to our school. Its object is to in- struct >'oung men and women in the laws, customs and forms of business; to cultivate in I hem habits of neatness, ac- curacy and thoroughness of work; to familiarize them witli jiractical business jiroblems, and in every way possible pre- pare them for successful busi- ness lives. The teachers are of the regular school faculty and are specialists in their several lines. Modern Illustrati\e Book- keeping, VX'illiams and Rogers Series, is used for the Theory <k'l)artment. This system grounds the student in the simplest and most elementary principles of accounting first. Then it takes him through suc- cessive operations to the most up-to-date special column books for businesses of varif)us kinds — single proprietor, partnership and partnership settlements, coriioratioii, m.uinf.icturing, and so forth. .•\fter completing the text book, the student takes up "Three \\'eeks Business Practice," a system of actual business conducted througli the othces and Page 148 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORIMAL SCHOOL school 1-iank. At the iMid of this work he is started in the liank as File Clerk, from thence working his way up until he finishes as Cashier. Special instruction is given in the many uses of the Burroughs Adding Machine, of which the school has two latest models. Bur- roughs Business Practice Handbook and Cost Keeping Shortcuts, together with a great num- ber of loose forms and balance sheets are used in the instruction work. Business men are demanding that those they employ be familiar with adding-machine utility, and we are well equipped to give our students a thorough drill in this. In the Shorthand and Ty[)ewriling Depart- ment it is our aim to prepare students for such duties as every stenographer must perform, whether employed as amanuensis, private secretary, or reporter. In every line of employ- ment— commercial or professional — there is an active demand at all ,sca.sons for good stenog- raphers. No other profession offers so man\' opportunities for the amliitious young man or young woman to advance to positions of in- fluence. All that is necessary to enter upon this line of work is the requisite preparatory training which we aim to provide for here. We teach Graham Standard Phonography. Nearly half the professional shorthand writers in the United States write this system. Its superiority over all the "easy to learn" systems lies in the fact that the student may push it to any desired rate of speed. Many inferior systems, so widely advertised today, are adequate only for certain limited requirements of amanuensis work, where speed is not essential. After mastering thoroughly the scientific principles on which Standard Phonography is built, even indifferent penmen are able to follow the utterances of the most rapid speakers. Up-to-date filing systems are taught in this de- partment, and our students will go out well prepared to meet any requirement in this important and indis- pensable business art. Time Required Our Commercial Courses are longer than those of many business schools, but we do not believe in grad- Page 149 PENNSYIJVANIA STATE ISrOR-lVLAL SCH^OOL w. A Class in Typewriting iiatinp; any student who does not have at least a good roininon seliool eduration, and we inrlude, therefore, all the I'onimon branches in our Commercial Courses. Our graduates arc thus well equipped and arc pre- ferred candiflatcs for positions over persons who have taken only commercial branches proper. Our commer- cial students enter the cla.s.ses in Ctrammar, Compo- sition, Civil Ciovernment, United States History, (Ge- ography, Spelling, Arithmetic, etc., along with the students who are taking the regular Normal Course, and are required to do the same work in these branches as those who have to pass the State Board examin- ations. Special examinations are given in these bran- ches, and students need not take such studies in class as they are able to pass in this way. Graduates of high schools on the accredited list are given credit in lliis Department for certain of the above named studies without taking this exaniinalioti. Some Advantages of Taking a Commer- cial Course at Normal In addition to the s|)k'iiiliii etiuiptmiit of the Depart- ment itself, commercial students at Iniliana have many advantages alisolutely unknown at the great majority of business schools. The\' ha\e access to the large Nor- mal Library and Reading Room. The latterise(]uipped not only with all the leading magazines and daily cit\' newspapers, but also with the weekly publications from the home towns of many of the students. Com- mercial students are always welcome additions to the literary societies, debating clubs and Christian asso- ciations of the school. Socials, lectures, concerts, plays, etc., provided by the Normal School, are at the disposal of the Commercial students. Many young men who come to Indiana for business courses, in addi- tion to .securing the business training for which they come, develop into great athletes. ( )ur expert coaches always find the earnest, hard-working commercial students a splendid body from which to build up their great football, baseball and track teams. Music. — Students taking the Commercial Course have an excellent opportunit>' to lake voice culture or instrumental music along with the commercial work. Many students do this. Lectures. — It has Iwcome a part of the settled polic>' rtf this institution to give to its pupils the oppnrlunitx' to hear in their own halls lecturersof eminent ability on subjects supplementary to the regular work, or of universal itilerest. Aclual Business. — Students will find at the Indiana Normal a thoroughly equipped Office and Banking 1 )epailnient, 'I Page 150 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL Influence. — It pays to attend a school that is widely and favorably known, for much of the future success of the student depends upon the character and influence of the school from which he graduates. An Indiana diploma is a passport into the best positions of the State. Positions We do not guarantee positions to the graduates of our Business School, but we are watchful and zealous in our efforts to place them as soon as they step out of the school. At the present time we are unable to sup- ply the demand for our graduates, and we do not doubt that this condition will continue. Detailed Information If you desire to know more of the work done in our Shorthand, Bookkeeping and Banking Department, address A. "E, Kinsley, Head of Business School. Class in Banking Tj Commercial Course of Study Bookkeeping (three terms) — Single and doulile entry, commission, retailing, manufacturing, antl liank- ing. Borroughs Adding Machine practice. Arithmetic (three terms) — Rapid calculation. Spelling (one term) — Articulation, orthoepy, dia- critical marking. Writing (one term) — Position, movement, exercises, practice. Reading (one term) — Articulation, voice culture, reading. Geography (one term) — Political. Commercial Law (one term) — A thorough course of Business Law. Composition (one term) — Same as Normal Course. History (two terms) — United States History com- pleted. Grammar (three terms) — Same as Normal Course. Civics (one term) — United States and Pennsylvania. Algebra (two terins) — First two terms of Normal Course. Correspondence (one term) — .\ thorough course in Business Letter Writing. Typewriting (three terms) — Van Sant "Touch Method." Shorthand Course of Study Shorthand (three terms) — Graham Standard Sys- tem. Page 151 PENNSYJJVANIA STATE NORlVtAL SCHOOL ArilhiiK'lic ( throe terms) — Rapid Calculation. Spelling (one term) — Articula- tion, orthoepy, diacritical marking. Writing (one term) — Position, movement, exercises, practice. Reading (one term) — Articula- tion, voice culture, reading. ( 'leography (one term) — Political. History (two terms) — I'nitcd Slates History completed. ( ".raniinar (three terms) — Sameas Normal Course. Composition (th.ree terms) — Same as Normal Course. Page 152 Conservatory of Music *^2 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NOR.lV[Al_ SCHOOL Page 154 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORNIAL SCHOOL THE CONSERVATORY OF MUSIC FACULTY JAMES E. AMENT, LL. D., Principal HAMLIN E. COGSWELL, Mus. M., Director Voice, Theory, Methods, Public School Music and Orchestral Instruments ANNA E. HANLEY Voice MRS. HAMLIN E. COGSWELL Voice and History of Music WILLIAM WRIGLEY Violin. Viola and Cello MRS. R. J. SAWYER Piano EDNA ALLAN COGSWELL Piano, Organ and Voice MISS LELIA FARLIN Voice WALTER R. DOUGLASS Piano, Harmony, Wind and String Instruments CHARLES PARK Piano and Organ ESTELLA V. L. SHERRILL, A. B. German and French ALICE CRANE-WRIGLEY Piano, Theory, Analysis, French and German JEAN R. McELHANEY, Pd. B. Drawing and Painting :i Page 155 PENNSYXA^lSriA STATE N0R,1^^LA.L SCHOOL I''uroi)c. The Xoriiial (rainiiii; will be quite ilistiiirt in itself, certain features of which can be found in no other school in the coiintr\-. The Teachers The teachers are those of e\|iirience and ha\e won for thcniselves pronounced distinction both as teachers and artists, representing the best trainin,i? in leading conservatories and music schools, and with the best of private teachers. All are influential in stimulating their pupils to put forth their best efforts, taking a personal interest in each indivi<lual. Those who come here for simply "a good time," will not enjoy the school, as the spirit of progress and work is fostered and in- sisted upon. Pu[)ils are brought into such close rela- tions with the teachers in their everjday work that the\- are constantly receiving an impetus for good along all lines. Frequent recitals, lioth pri\ate and public, concerts, ensemble, all combine to create an atmos- I>here of industry. Parents may rest assured that their children will find friends as well as instructors in the teachers. Courses of Study The courses of study embrace all that is necessary in order to actiuire a thorough tcchnic, artistic inter- pretation and a musical education in its fullest sense. Students may elect the major subject either in \'oice, I'iano, Organ, or Violin or other orchestral instruments, ill this they receive two lessons per week. Students who elect as the major subject either Voice or Violin will be required to take one lesson a week in Piano until they complete the Junior course in the same. The Piano is made the basis of all courses of stiid\-. While we outline a three years' course corresponding to those of the State Norma! School, it must be understood that Stuilio in the Conservatory T The Normal Conservatory Foreword Our aim is to make this school in every respect all for which its name stands. The work of the Conserva- tory is most carefully to develop both the technical and the artistic, while the Normal Training work is calcu- lated to prepare the teacher. It matters not whether it be \'oice. Piano, \'iolin or the Supervisor's Course that is being pursued, our aim is carefully to train both the artist and the teacher in such a way as to fit them for life work with so sure a foundation and so thorough a know-ledge that they may reflect credit not only upon themselves, but also upoii the school. The Conservatory is conducted after the manner of the best, found either in this countrv or in Page 156 ^mm^ PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORJ^AL SCHOOL it may take longer to complete a course in music, and on the other hand a good student miyht be able to do the work required in less than three years. Next year the course will be changed to a four-year course. Where students have never studied theory — that is, Harmony, Counterpoint, History of Music, etc., — it will reciuire at least two full years to master these subjects, all of which are necessary before one earns the right to he called a musician. Supervisors' Course We desire especially to call attention to the superior advantages found at Indiana for the training of Supervisors of Music for public schools. It was largely owing to the fact that the Director of the Conservatory, after years of experience and observation, while visiting schools in ilifferent parts of the country, became convinced of the need of a more thorough training on the part of the supervisor as well as of the grade teacher, that he was led to give his assistance in the establishment of a training school where both knowledge and experience could be obtained by those who wished to enter this important and wide field of labor. The course embraces all leading systems and methods, and our graduates are [jrepared to use any one of them. After a careful study of methods, devices, etc., stu- dents are required to give experimental lessons before the class, following which free criticism is made both by members of the class and the teacher in charge, and when found proficient they are required to teach throughout the several grades of the Mcxlel School, which enrolls upwards of two hundred children. In addition to all this, graduates must have completetl the required course of study in Voice, Piano, Theory, History of Music, Knglish, Pedagogy and Psychology. Theory of Music includes Harmony, Counterpoint to Fugue writing, and Instrumentation (o tlie extent of lieing able to arrange music for instruments of the mod- ern orchestra, as we contend that every supervisor should l)e able to do this in order to afford pupils who play such instruments as violin, cornet, flute, etc., an op])ortunity tf) accompany the voices as well as to im- prove themselves. Page 157 PENNSYLVANIA STAXE NOR-IVLAL SCHOOL Preparatory Course For all students who may elect a regular Course and are not prepared to enter the Junior i'car, a Preparatory tourse is provided which in- cludes such studies as are necessary to prepare them for the regular Course. This course can be taken only in class of two at a reduced rate, or at regular rates as the student may elect. Juvenile Course This course is for beginners under fourteen years of age who may desire to study either piano or \iolin. There will be two pupils in a class and the ])eriod is divided between them. The tuition is about one-third the regular rate. This course includes one lesson a week in violin or piano. Private Lessons While il is re(|uired of all graduates that the\- take a full i-ourse, any may take such lessons as they desire upon the paNiiienl of the regular rates specified in the catalogue. Class Lessons Harmony, Counterpoint. 1 lislory of Music, Solfeggio, Sight Reading, etc., will be taught in classes. Students not taking a regular course have the privilege of enter- ing these classes and will be charged the regular tuition. We are continually receixing letters of inquiry for good supervisors, and we advise Normal graduates and experienced teachers to take up this work, provided they are musically inclined. There is a great demand for SuiXTvisors of Music and Drawing, the two work- ing well together. Additional information can be had regarding this course by corresponding with the director. Page 151 .^ PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORIVTAL SCHOOL Examinations Regular term examiiialions will he held, and those takiiiga full course must give satisfactory evidence of having met the full requirements before being promoted to a higher grade. Literary Requirements Candidates for graduation will be required to show a thorough knowledge of the "common branches." Graduates of high schools or those having passed the Junior year of any State Normal School arc accepted without exami- nation. Diplomas Diplomas will be granted to those who com- plete a full course. The Choral Society The Choral Society, including the students and leading singers of the town, is a pronounced feature of the musical life of the school. Works such as "The Messiah," "Elijah," "Creation," "Joan of Arc," "Fair Ellen," "Phaudrig Crohoore," "Gallia" and many miscellaneous numbers have been given. The Pittsburgh Festival Orchestra and artists are brought each year, and the annual Festival" has been a great success. leading "Music The Madrigal Club The Madrigal Club is a vocal musical organization for women students only. The best part-songs are presented from time to time. Orchestra There are two orchestras maintained, one for ad- vanced students and one for beginners. This affords all who study orchestral instruments an opportunity to play under an experienced conductor. String Quartets and ensemble of various instru- ments are frequently called together for the benefit of those who play such instruments. Expenses in the Conservatory See Index in back of catalogue. Information For further information, apply to the Director, Hamlin E. Cogswell, for special catalogue. Page 159 , CD F'JENI>fSYLVAlS[lA STATE NOR^lVlAL SCHOOL Outline of Courses of Study— Junior Year Term Singing Piano Organ VioUn Supervisors' Course piano 2 Violin 2 Methods 4 Theory, Chords i Theory. Chords 2 Solfegijio 4 Sight Reading 4 Ensemble i Theory, Chords I Theory, Chords i Sight Reading 4 Solfeggio 4 Sight Readnig 4 First Sight Reading 4 Sight Reading 4 Orchestra i Ensemble i Term Theory, Chords i ^Violin i . Violin 2 Methods 4 pjano I Theory, Chords i Solfeggio 4 Sight Reading 4 Organ i Piano I Observation 5 Second Theory, Cliords i Solfeggio 4 Sight Reading 4 Knsenli>le I Theory, Chords i Solfeggio 4 Sight Reading 4 Theory, Chords i Solfeggio 4 Sight Reading 4 Orchestra 1 i'edagogy 3 Solfeggio 4 Sight Reading 4 Term Theorv, Chords i P .. . Chorus I Recital i A 7 r» 1(^1? Recital i *V01CE I "Violin i Voice I \10LI.S... Third Organ 1 Piano 1 Theory. Chords 1 Solfeggio 4 Sight Reading 4 Methods 4 p- "" ' Theory, Chords i Solfeggio 4 Sight Reading 4 Observation 5 Theory, Chords l Theory, Chords i Solfeggio 4 Sight Reading 4 Orchestra i Ensemble i Recital i Pedagogy 3 Solfeggio 4 ^- -l.» r> i: Term Enstmble i Chorus I Chorus I Recital I n'oiCE I Theory, Chords i Chorus 1 ■-■Violin i The numerals indicate the number of lessons or lectures each week. Subjects printed in small capitals marked with star 1.*) are elective, one of which may be taken if pupil is doing satisfactorj* work in all other branches, extra tuition being charged for same. The Supen-'isors' course is a two- or three-years" course, according to previous knowledge of subjects. Only advanced pupils who have had considerable teaching experience can complete this course in one year; Page 160 1: r>ENNSYLVANlA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL Outline of Courses of Study — Middle Year Term Sinking Piano Organ Violin Supervisors' Course Or in Piano Piano I Theory, Chords i Solfeggio 4 Sight Reading 4 Theory, Chords i Solfeggio 4 Sight Reading 4 German 5 Chorus I Recital i Theory, Chords i Theory, Chords i Methods 3 Sight Reading 4 First SiKht Residing 4 Sight Reading 4 Term Recital i Ctinnm 1 Recital i Recital 1 SYoiCE 1 ^Violin i Practice Teacliing and Observation 5 Sight Reading 4 (Jerman 5 Solfeggio 4 Sight Reading 4 Methods -^ Solfeggio 4 Sight Reading 4 English 5 Sight Reading 4 Sight Reading 4 German 5 Recital I Recital i Orchestra i History of Music 2 Theory, Modulation - 2 ■•■Voice i Recital 1 History of Music 2 Theory, Modulation . 2 History of Music 2 Theory, Modulation . 2 History of Music 2 Theory, Modulation . 2 Practice Teaching and Observation 5 Theory, Modulation . . 2 Organ 2 _ Piano I Solfeggio 4 Sn1f»-<rtTin 1 Methods 3 Sight Reading 4 German 5 German 5 Sight Reading 4 Chorus I German 5 Sight Reading 4 German 5 Recital i Orrlifctt-!! I Third Sight Reading 4 Englisii 5 Term Recital i History of Music 2 Theory, Modulation . 2 Ensemble 1 Ensemble 1 History of Music 2 History of Music 2 Theory, Modulation.. 2 Theory, Modulation . 2 Practice Teaching and Observation 5 History of Music 2 Page 161 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NOR,iviAL sch:ool Outline of Courses of Study — Senior Year Term Singing Piano Organ Violin Supervisors* Course Organ 2 Theory, Counterpoint 2 Chorus Singing 1 Musical Analysis i French or Italian 4 History of Music 2 Recital i Methods 5 First Term, Theory, Counterpoint 2 Chorus Singing 1 Musical Analysis i French or Italian 4 History of Music 2 Recital i *Or(;an 1 Theory, Counterpoint 2 Chorus Singing i Musical Analysis 1 French or Italian ... 4 History of Music 2 Recital ^ i Ensemble i Theory, Counterpoint 5 Chorus Singing 1 Musical Analysis 1 French or Italian .... 4 Orchestral Playing... i History of Music 2 Practice Teaching 5 Theory. Counterpoint. 2 Churns Singing i Musical Analysis i Knf;lisli 5 History of Music 2 * Voice i »Orc;an I Piano I .-(,., ■ ♦Piano 1 ' Pi 0 Organ 2 Theory, Counterpoint 2 Chorus Singing i Musical Analysis i French or Italian ... 4 History of Music 2 Recital 1 *Voici-: I Methods 5 Second Term Theory, Counterpoint 2 Chorus Singing i Musical Analysis i French or Italian 4 History of Music 2 Recital 1 Theory, Counterpoint 2 Chorus Singing i Musical Analysis i French or Italian 4 History of Music 2 Theory, Counterpoint i Chorus Singing 1 Orchestral Playing .. 1 Musical Analysis i French or Italian 4 History of Music 2 Recital i Practice Teaching 5 Theory, Counterpoint. 1 Chorus Singing i Musical Analysis i English 5 History of Music 2 Ensemble i »Organ I *PlANO I Psychology 3 Voice 2 Theory, Instrumenta- Organ 2 Theory, Instrumenta- Violin 2 Theory, Instrumenta- tion 2 Methods 5 Theory, Instrumenta- Practice Teaching 5 Theory, Instrumenta- Chorus Singing i Orchestral Playing . . i Analysis and Form .. i Recital i Graduating Thesis... •VOICK I Third Term Chorus Singing i French or Italian 4 Analysis and Form., i French or Italian 4 Recital 1 Analysis and Form . . i French or Italian 4 Analysis and Form ... 1 Chorus Singing 1 Graduating Thesis Graduating Thesis... *Or(;a.n I Graduating Thesis... *V01CK I Voice I Graduating Thesis... *Oroan I ,^ ; »PlANO I *\'lOLIN I Page 162 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORNIAL SCHOOL Normal School Registry 1910—1911 Post Graduates Name Postoffice Street or County State Bash. Laura Indiana Indiana Pcnna. Campbell, Agnes Indiana Indiana Penna. Cunningham, Erma Indiana 648 Philadelphia St Penna, Cunningham, Grace Indiana 648 Philadelphia St Penna. Hamilton. Martha Indiana 233 N. 9th St Penna. Reinecke. Orca Pittsburgh 4815 S. Atlantic Ave Penna. Sanson. Edna Indiana 719 Church St Penna. Tiffany. Ruth. Indiana 38 S. 7th St Penna. State n Seniors in Regular Normal Course Name Postoffice Street or County Addleman, Marie Curwensville HiKh St Penna. Akins, Juanita B Washington 140 LeMoyne Ave Penna. Alderfer, Grace Indiana 524 S. lUh St Penna. Allison. Edwin. Indiana 211 S. nth St Penna. Anderson. J. Alexander.. . .West Lebanon Indiana Penna. Austen, Irene H .-\spmwall 212 4th St Penna. Name Postoffice Street or County Baer. Florence N. S. Pittsburgh, . . . 1708 Termon Ave.. . . Bannon. Jennie A Newcastle 120 County Line St... Harnett. Jennie K Johnstown 435 Lincoln St Beattie. Tirzah L , New Alexandria .... Westmoreland Beck. Elsie R Washington 713 Jefferson Ave. . . Bell. Hugh M. Indiana 9^.7 Water St Beinis, Ruth M West Middletown.. .Washington Bennett, May V Newcastle 81 Croton Ave Bigler, Zella P Beallsville Washington Bird. Helen L Pulaski Lawrence Blinn, Edna F New Brighton 400 5th St. Bossart, Ruth M Latrobe R. F. D. No. 3 Brauchler. S. Marie. ..... Greensburg 109 Hawthorne Ave. Brombach. Jennie M Freeport Armstrong Brown. Robert Brookline- Pittsburgh, 822 Bay Ridge Ave. . Buck. Maude A Natrona Walnut St Bulgin, Lucile Monterey 38 Calle Alasolo Byers. Mabel L Turtlecreek 73 Larimer Ave C aldwell, Ellen B BradenvUIe Westmoreland State - Penna. , Penna. Penna. Penna. Penna. Penna. Penna. Penna. Penna. Penna. Penna. Penna. Penna. Penna. , Penna. . Penna. . M exico . Penna. , Penna. Name Postoffice Street or County State Campbell, Lula M Parkwood Indiana Penna. Castaneda, Erasmo Sagnola Gdc .Cuba Cowan, Nelle McKeesport 726 Monterey Ave Penna. Creese. E. Jane Leetsdale Broad St Penna. Cunningham, Mary B Livermore Westmoreland Penna. Cunningham, Paul H Indiana 7th St Penna. Daly, Regina DuBois 216 S. Main St Penna. Daugherty, Marj- A Indiana. 373 Locust St Penna. Davidson, Elizabeth Beaver Falls 1226 9th Ave Penna. Davidson. Lettie Beaver Falls .1226 gth Ave Penna, Davis. Mildred E Glassport 7th St Penna. Davis. Mvrtle Philipsburg 419 S. Center St., Penna. Douglass, Newell M Indiana 34 S. 9th St Penna. Dowling. Loretto Johnstown i'S Main St Penna. Dunlap. Twila A Blairsville Westmoreland Penna, Eiseman. Laura E New Alexandria Westmoreland Penna. Ely, Mabelle Jeannetfe 121 N. ist St Penna. Evans. Alice Punxsutawney 246 Mahoning St Penna. Evans, Blodwen A Somerset 32 S. Cross Main St., . Penna. :i Page 163 i>ENNSYX.VANlA STATE NORNIAL SCHOOL Seniors in Regular Nt>rmal Course, continued Name Postotlice Street or County State Evans. Mayme C Fitishnrnh -mjj ^iclin> St pL-nna. Furrer. llelen I nazi-!\vtni<i s--'' -""' Avi- Pcnna. FiTRUson, Clara Ptttaljuiyh iji Soutlu-rii Ave Petina. ForebtTR. Ida E latlon Cambria Penna. Fr>-er. ICdna Bridfievillc. AlIesIiL-ny Penna. George, Carrie II Canonsbiirg 225 Ueliiiont Ave Penna. Getty, Sadie ;>alLsburB Indiana Penna. Gilchrist. Lena Indiana i igo \\ . Water St Penna. Goldstrohin. Lena Klizahith and St Penna. GreiT. Maria S. Canonaburg. 146 W. ColleKC St Penna. Guthrie, Carolyn Indiana 625 Churcli St Penna. Ilainiil. Jack New Morence R. F. D. No. i Penna. lioiiretty. Margaret Bradford ig Tlionipson Ave Penna. Hickman. Ethel I Mt. Lebanon Academy Ave Penna. Ilinkson. Meirn Newcastle Haus Ave Penna. Hinkson, Xetlie Newcastle 62 N. Ray St Penna. Molt, .Anna E Brockwayville Jefferson.. Penna. Holt. Elsie E Brockwayville Jefferson Penna. Hoover. Alda Indiana 1200 School St Penna. Houser, Nannie Penna Furnace Center Penna. Name Postoffice Street or County HiibachiT. .Nellie .Aspniwall 7O1 St l\ State Hunt. Jran. Huston. E. Edna HutchiMUi. M. Elizabeth. Itdl. MuriL- t Jaitiison. Ainia M. . . . , . jL-tloids. Alice M Keck, Norma . Elizabeth. . . .\l](.Kheny Penna. . Bolivar , \\ est inoreland Penna. .Pittsburgh jHu Main St Penna. .Johnstown 150 Adams St Penna. . l*ittsburgh 1320 Sycamore St Penna. . Wilkinshurg 751 Franklin Ave Penna. Pitcairn 556 4th St Penna. King, 2ita Johnstown 1 78 D St Penna. Kncpshield, .Nellie 1-eechburg Grant St Penna. Knight. Bertha M Millvale 125 Maryland Ave Penna. Lacock. Jean K Pittsburgh g i j Beech Ave Penna. Liipsh-y, Marie Glassport Ohio Ave Penna. Lebovitz, Jennie Homestead 5^5 4th A^c Penna. Leslie, Ruth E Oil City 40s North St Penna. Lockard, Blanche Indiana 1050 Washington St Penna. Lockard. Frank Indiana 1050 Washington St.. . .Penna. Long. J. Irwin .ndiana, R. K. D. « Penna. Mahan. Kathfriuv- Ebensburg Cambria Penna. Marshall. M.irlha II Allegheny 316 Lafayette Ave Penna. McCahon. Jean Indiana g7S Church St Penna. McGara. Olive Trafford.. 511 Fairmont Ave Penna. Mclsaac, John S Rochester Mills R. F. D. No. 2 Penna. McKinney. Irene Johnstown 161 Iliiickston Ave Penna. McMahon. Mae Slate College Center Penna. McMorran, Helen M Canonsburg 2O2 Jefferson Ave Penna. McPherson, Helen A Frank .Allegheny Penna. Metzger. Leon D Ebensburg .Cambria Penna. Miller. Lloyd O Indiana 1518 Philadelphia St Penna. Miller. Mary C Johnstown 526 Franklin St Penna. Monteith, Grace Patton. Cambria Penna. Mooney, Carrie E. Allegheny 3S5o College Ave Penna. Morn.m. J.imt ( lara Canonsburg 3i3 W. Pike St.. Penna. Newcuuir-r, Modest. McClellandtown Fayette Penna. Newcomer. Odessa McClellandtown F'ayette Penna. Nix, Dorothy Homer City Indiana Penna. Noel. Eva A Ligonier Westmoreland Penna. Noel, Grace Ligonier Westmoreland Penna. Palmer, Ethel E Latrobe 415 Fairmont St Penna. Patterson. Nan Connellsville Fayette Penna. Petty. Anna F Crafton 42 Creighton Ave Penna. Potter, I^ta A Cresson Cambria Penna. Powell, Josephine W Oil City 2ig Bissell .Ave Penna. Rebok. Ruth Carlisle 151 W. Pomfret St Penna. Redman, Margaret F Glassport. 734 Vermont Ave Penna. Reese. M.trie B Snowshoc Center Penna. Re<-.l. Hiilott.i |{ Indiana 512 lith St Penna. Ri, harilMiii, I.n.I:i Hamilton 95 Victoria Ave Ont. Rudkey. Hazel -M Allegheny 32 Wilson Ave Penna. Roof. Mabelle Indiana 711 Church St Penna. Rote, Carrie Jane Pittsburgh 5504 and .Ave Penna. Saxinan. EiIk-I Latrobe 34s Main St Penna. , Irwin 617 Walnut St Penna. , . .Munhall 555 gth Ave Penna. . . Economy Beaver Penna. , , . Economy Beaver Penna. . . . Delmont Westmoreland Penna. . . , DuBois 322 W. Long Ave Penna. _ _ Eighty-four Washington Penna. Smith. Mac E Ligonier Market St Penna. Stevcnran, Helen M Glcnsliaw Allegheny Penna. . ] iol. Shuster, .Alice Smith. Cleo. . Smith. Edna C. Page 164 ^mm^ PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORIVTAL SCHOOL Seniors in Regular Normal Course, continued Name Postoffice Street or County State Stuchell. Aliii.t Iiuii.tn.i 357 Water St.. . Fenna. Sutter, C. R Covode Jefferson P<-nna. Thomas, Henry Rossiter Indiana "eni a. Thomas, Hilda M Philipsburg 127 S. Center St Penna. Thompson, Edna L Blairsville 1 85 Spring St Penna. Todd. Marguerite Swissvale 7g24 Edj;ewood A\e. -. Penna, Waddell. Elsie C Craf ton Middle-town Rrad Penna. Walsh, Nora New Prifihton- 8jo utli St Penna. Watkins, Gaynell S. S. Pittsburgh 2310 Patterson St Penna. Weaver, Pauline Canonsburg Washington Penna. Weber. Carrie A Oil City 69 Pearl Ave Penna. Wicks. Carrie L, Southfork Cambria Penna. Wier, S. Ethel Windber Somerset .\ve Penna. Wiley, Oka G Latrobe 213 Chestnut St Penna. Wilkins, Maude Newcastle 112 Oak St Penna. Withington. Edy the Marietta 820 3rd St Ohio Young, Anna M Pittsburgh 3451 California Ave.. , .Penna. Young. Orca M Leechburg Westmoreland Penna. Zehner, Nora .Indiana Indiana Penna. Zimmerman, Zelma B Greensburg 14 South St. Penna. Music Seniors PiaDO Course Name Postoffice Reinecke. Orca Pittsburgh. Street or County .4X15 S. .'\llatUii.' Ave. State ...Penua. Name King, Mary Si. C. Organ Course Postoffice Street or County State Indiana S05 Philadelphia St Penna. Vocal Course Name Postoffice Street or County State Neff. Jean Hastings Public School Music Course Name Postoffice Street or County Beggs. Roma Bellevue l<i l-lort-nce Ave... Bridges, Marguerite Jersey City 39 Arlington Ave.. Brown, Velnia Butler 1 16 sth St Campbell. Agnes J Indiana Indiana., .Cambria Penna. Clush, Ethel Sunbury .420 Walnut St Dickie, Esther Indiana Indiana Frye. Myra Indiana 1170 Water St Hickman. Mrs. J. N. K. . Indiana Indiana lones. Martha Ebensburg Samfile St Massey, Ruth S Unionville 14 Main St McKee, Grace Blairsville 180 Maple Ave M urray, Genevieve ....... Rossiter Indiana Park, Katherine Indiana Locust St Parsons. Lydia Punxsutawney 802 W. Mahoning St. Sweeney, Rosemary Indiana 1020 Church St State , Penna. . Penna. . Penna. . Penna. . Penna. . Penna. . Penna. . Penna. . Penna. -N. Y. . Penna. . Penna. . Penna. . Penna. . Penna. Page 165 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL Supervisors' Drawing Course Seniors Name Postoffice Street or County State Atkins. Marv J Rlizabcth Alleehony Pcnna. Brown. Mab'd R Pitcairn Allegheny Penna. Clark, JnnL't L Pittsburgh 20js 5th Ave Pcnna. Clark. Mary E Cleveland 1966 E. nth St Ohio Fleck. Gertrude Grace Indiana 1140 Grant St Penna. Hetrick. Marie P Indiana 729 Church St Penna. Hiinler. Mary M Latrobe 10 N. Ligonier St Penna. LainK. Clara M Duqiiesnc 43 N. and St Pcnna. Lewis. Lucille K Pittsburgh 5726 Center Ave. Penna. Stroble. Elizabeth H Latrobe R. F. D. No. i Penna. Thompson. Sarah B Chester Orange N. Y. Commercial Seniors Commercial Teachers' Course Name Postoffice Street or County State Burgoon. Mariu P Cristobal C^aiial Zoiu- I'an.inia Donnelly, Charles Latrobe 327 Main St Pcmia. Diaz. Jose Emilio Havana 66 Acosla St Cuba. Gailcy. Olivc-M Indiana 76s Soutn St Penna. Galer. Nora Indiana - - 467 Philadelphia St Penna. Griffith, Mary II Indiana S. 6th St Penna. Kins. Elizabeth M Indiana 34 N. cjth St Penna. Knauf. Ilildcuarde A Coneniaiigh Cambria Penna. I^nmlir;in. Kll.i J Pittsburgh 2528 Penn Ave Penna. R.ipp. .'\nii.i L Tunnelton Indiana , - -Penna. Kapp. Elizabrth Punxsutawney 201 N. Findley St Penna. Spackman. Ruth ...Williams Grove Clearfield. Penna. Van Asdlcn. George Ebensburg High St Penna. Shorthand Course Name Postoffice Street or County State Churchill. Winnie Indiana 'u'l WaUr Si Penna. Davis. Mabel EbensbnrK Cambria Penna. Houston. Helen Blarklic-k Indiana Penna. Long. Jean C Kammcnr Washington Pcnna. Kraiss, Edna M New Brighton siS 8th St Pcnna. Nicklas. Mary Wilkinsburg Colonial Building Penna. Owens. Rowena Ebensburg Cambria Penna. Paine. Donna Punxsutawney Jefferson Penna. Reed. Theodore ^ Indiana 1163 Grant St Penna. Strouse, Edna Freeport 4th St Penna. Commercial Course Name Postoffice Cook. George W Indiana Shaffer. William Ligonier Sutton. F. Jay Robinson Street or County State Indiana I'eiina. Westmoreland Penna. Indiana Penna. Juniors, Middlers and Special Students Name Postoffice Street or County State Adams, George E Avoiimore. . WesUnoitland IViiiia. Albright. Emma West Newton Westmoreland Penna. Name Postoffice Street or County State Alderfer. Philip C Indiana 5.^4 S. 1 ith St IVnna. Allen. Margaret H .MIegheny R. F. D. Xo. 2 1'enna. Allen, Ruth E Brushvalley Indiana Henna. Allison. George E Indiana R. F. U. No. 8 Penna. Allison. Jeannette Hickory Washington Penna. Allison. Walter L Indiana 1151 Grant St Penna. Allshouse, Grace Indiana R. F. D. No. 6 Pcnna. Almes, M. Frances Saltsburg R. F. D. No. i Penna. Ament. Mrs. J. E Indiana Indiana Penna. Anderson, .\urel Indiana 122 1 Church St Penna. Anderson, Clara M Allegheny 129 Mitchell St.. .... . .Penna. Anderson. Helen Indiana 1221 Church St Penna. Ankcny. .Arthur W Indiana R. F. D. No. 7 Penna. Ankeny. Roy H Indiana Indiana Penna. Armbrust. Ruth Greensburg 215 Reamer St Penna. Armstrong. \'erlee Freeport Fifth St Penna. Bailey. Eleanor Titusvillc 38 S. Perry St Penna. Bailey, Margaret L Greensburg Westmoreland Penna. Baird . J . L Canonsbiirg Washington Penna. Baird. Robert Glen Campbell Indiana Penna. Baker. Elta W Connellsvillc Fayette Pcnna. Baldwin, Mary .N. S. Pittsburgh 4134 Franklin Road Penna. Balentine, Edith M Indiana 1218 W. Philadelphia St. Penna. Ball. John Avalon 768 Frest Ave Penna. Balmer. Myrtle M.. : Crosscreek Washington Penna. Banker. Mae. Pittsburgh 2956 Merwyn Ave Penna. Barnctt. R. Byron. ... Punxsutawney Torrence St Penna. Bash, Laura Indiana Indiana Pcnna. Bath, Walter Indiana 059 Oak St Penna. Beale, Bessie B Freeport R. F. D. No. i Penna. Beatty. Elsie Racine Beaver Penna. Beck, Robert Lycoming Lycoming Penna. Beilstein. Marie S Vandergrift tsj Columbia Ave Penna. Bell. Ada Vandergrift 130 Hamilton Ave Penna. Bell, Edna E Indiana 967 Water St Penna. Bell, Lillian Punxsutawney Jefferson Penna. Bell. Margaretta Indiana 067 Water St Penna. Bell. Paul H Blacklick Indiana Penna. Bemis, Janet B West Middletown . . .Washington Penna. Benson, Hildur Greensburg Westmoreland Penna. Benton. Laura M Pittsburgh 87 Maple Ave Penna. Bert. Mary Hoboken .Allegheny Penna. Beveridge. Janet Sington Clearfield Penna. Bianco, James Homer City Indiana Penna. Biddlc. H. Myrtle Allegheny 30 Wilson Ave Peima. Biers. Carrie A Indiana Indiana Penna. Bimie. Mary Foxburg Clarion Penna. Black. Elizabeth I lazelwood Allegheny Penna. Bl.iir. Mrs. David Indiana 671 Wayne Ave Penna. Blair, Mrs. James Indiana Indiana Pcnna. Ulair Idhn N Latrobe Westmoreland. Penna. Blaiuhard. Olive Beaver 479 East End Ave Penna. Blankenbuehler, Elizabeth. Monongahela 914 Main St Penna. Blough. Homer C Holsopple Somerset Penna. Boarts. Ruth I Kittanning Armstrong Penna. Bofill. Ramon Colonia de la CondesAvenida Oazaca 32 Mexico Boon. Jean Canonsburg Washington Pcnna. Bothcl. Carlisle T Crcekside Indiana Pcnna. Boucher. Agnes Beaverdale Cambria Pcnna. Boucher, Mary Beaverdale Cambria Pcnna. Page 166 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORIVIAL SCHOOL Tuniors. Middlers and Special Students, continued Name Postoflace Street or County State Bowes. Ethel L East Liberty Allegheny Penna. Braden. \'erda E N. S. Pittsburgh Lang Ave Penna. Brady, Clara Home Indiana Penna. Brady. Hastings Indiana 331 13th St Penna. Brady, Marie Indiana 331 13th St Penna. Brady. Minnie. Marion Center Indiana Penna. Brahm. Edward A Pittsburgh 4918 S. Atlantic Ave Penna. Brant. E. Katherine Allegheny 2530 PerrysvlUe Ave. . ..Penna. Brennan, Helen M Rankin 1 1 2 Fourth St Penna. Brickley. Wilmer Ebensburg R. F. D. No. 2 Penna. Brito, Evelio Havana 12 Galiano Cuba Brooks. Effie Grafton 222 Prospect Ave Penna. Brown. Alice Ernest Indiana Penna. Brown. Ella M Beaver Falls Beaver Penna. Brown, Jennie M Pitcairn Allegheny Penna. Brown. Mabel C Millerton Duchess N. Y. Brown, Marion L Allegheny 1726 Irwin Ave Penna. Brownlee. Helen M Martins Ferry 212 W. 7th St Ohio Bruce. Robert M Indiana 563 Oak St Penna. Brumbaugh. Bertha Altoona 2620 Oak Ave Penna. rfame Postoffice Street or County Bryson. Inez M Dunbar Fayette Penna Buchanan. Annie Z Indiana ; 326 13th St Penna. Buchanan. Edith Indiana 430 S. 11th St Penna. Buchanan. Leon Blairsville Indiana Penna. Buchanan, Paul Indiana 4J0 S. i Kb St Penna. Buchanan. Ruth Pittsburgh 423 Graham St. Penna. Buchholz. Theodore B Philadelphia 836 N. Lawrence St Penna. Bush. Mar^' J Kittanning .\rmstrong Penna. Buterbaugh. Linnie Cherr>-tree Indiana Penna. Butler. Martha Altoona 3012 6th Ave Penna. Byers. Justin Homer City Indiana Penna. Cain. Bessie M Clinton Allegheny Penna. Cain. Edna Murdocksville Beaver Penna. Cajiao. Gustavo Bogosta Bogosta Colombia Caldwell. William F Pittsburgh 217 East End Ave Penna. Cameron. G. T. Cherrytree Indiana Penna. Campbell. Bertha Parkwood Indiana Penna. Campbell. Delos Indiana Indiana Penna. Campbell. Eugene H Indiana 917 Water St Penna. State Postoffice Street or County .Indiana 402 Water St .Parker's Landing. . .Armstrong .Indiana 412 E. Water St.. . Indiana 402 Water St .Kittanning 412 Union Ave.. . . .Indiana 412 E. Water St.. Name Campbell. Helen Campbell. H. B Campbell. John R Campbell. Joseph Campbell. Mabel C Campbell. Margaret W.. Cannon, Henry Latrobe 317 Spnng St Carmalt. Gladstone BrookvUIe 197 Barnett St Carmalt. Helen A Brookville 107 Barnett St Carn. Margaret V Claysburg Blair Camahan. Charles K Shelocta Indiana Carnahan. Charles W Indiana iis.N. 6th St., Carson. Martha Homer City Main St Carter. Brinton C West Finley R. F. D. No. i . Carter. Haddie West Finley R. F. D. No. i Gary. Thelma Indiana 956 Church St Casey. Anna B Sharpsburg Allegheny Cattron. Mvltreda Sharpsville Mercer Chatham, Dorothy Indiana 729 W. Philadelphia M State Penna. Penna. Penna. Penna. Penna. Penna. Penna. Penna. Penna. Penna. IVnna. Penna. Penna. Penna. Penna. IVnna. Page 167 I>ENNSYLVAN1A STAXE N0R,1MAL SCHOOL .11 Page 168 ||. o Page 169 PENNSYXA^ANlA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL Juniors. Miiidlers and Special Students, continued Name Postoffice Street or County State Chatham. Ella Indiana 729 W. Philadelphia St.Pcnna. Chatham. Hclcne Indiana -729 W. Philadelphia St.lVnna. Chrisioff. Albort Mahaffey Clearfield Penna. Clark. Esther Allegheny Termon Ave Penna. Clark. Garnet Homestead 407 12th Ave Penna. Clark. GeorRe Indiana 123 N. 9th St Penna. Clark. Maiyaret R Sheridanville 2919 Chartiers Ave Penna. Clawson. Carolyn C Indiana West Philadelphia Penna. Clayson, Eva B Randolph Cattaraugus N. Y. Cleveland. Helen Wilmerding 518 Glenn St Penna. Clowes. Marie Indiana ii loth St Penna. Clowes. Owens Indiana 33 N. loth St Penna. Coad. Sara O Liverniore W estmorelanJ Penna. Cochran. Earl Punxsutawney Jefferson Penna. Cochran. Grace. Plumville Indiana Penna. Coe. Lucy D Wilkinsbure 509 Elliott St Penna. Compton, Mary Livermore Indiana Penna. Compton. Frank Livermore Indiana Penna. Condron, Hazel Home Indiana Penna. Cook. Alice New Alexandria Westmoreland Penna. Coon, Murray Indiana 962 W. Philadelphia St. Penna" Cooper. Ella A Livermore Indiana Penna. Cooper. Floss. G Cliambersville Indiana Penna. Cooper. Mary E Livermore Westmoreland Penna. Courson. T. LaRue Tivoli Lycoming Penna. Cover. M. Grace Johnstown R. F. D. No. 2 Penna. Cowan. Hannah G Tarr Westmoreland Penna. Cowan, Corinne.. Tarr Westmoreland Penna. Cowan. Lois Wilkinsburg 221 Union St Penna. Cox, Mae Millvale 228 Grant Ave. Penna. Craft. Laura M Coalport Clearfield Penna. Craft. Marie J Coalport Clearfield Penna. Craig. Grace Johnstown 225 Union St Penna. Craig. Helen Avella Washmgton Penna. Craig M.tr>- B .Avella Washmgton Penna. Crain. Frank K .Arrow Somerset Penna. Cramer. Zora M Blairsville Indiana Penna. Crossetl. Saydee Kittanning Armstrong Penna. Crossman. Gertrude Indiana 064 Oakland Ave Penna. Crowe. William L Claysville R. F. D. No. 3 Penna. Crusan. Tillie V'crona R. F. D. No. i Penna. Cr>-an. Nellie G Odessa Clearfield Penna. Cummings. Mary New Wilmington. . .Lawrence Penna. Cunningham. Edna M Livermore Indiana Penna. Cunningham. Hazel E Duquesne 15 N- 2nd St Penna. Gushing. Kate Claysvillc Washington Penna. Daly. Mary A DuBois Clearfield Penna. Daiighcrty. Marguerite, ...Indiana 824 Church St Penna. Daugherty. L. Gai! Pitcaim 516 Broadway Penna. Davey. Robert R Allegheny 1026 Terressa Ave Penna. Davidson. Frank B Mahaffey Clearfield Penna. Davis. Frances Josephine Indiana Penna. Davis. Helen H New Wilmington. . .Lawrence Penna. Davis. Jean Ebensburg Cambria Penna. Davis. Magdalene L Ebensburg 114 Homer St Penna. Davis. Miriam L Indiana 906 Wayne Ave Penna. Davis. Ralph F Indiana 402 E, Church St Penna. Davis. Ruth I Leetsdale Allegheny Penna. Davis. Seba F. Indiana 906 Wayne Ave Penna. Davis, Thomas E Patton Cambria Penna. Name Postoffice Street or County SUte Diaz. Frank A Havana 60 .Vtosia St Cuba. Dick. Bertha C Blacklick R. F. D. No. 1 Penna. Dickie. Besse Indiana si-^ S. 7th St Penna. Dickey. Margaret P Indiana iii S. 6th St Penna. Dickson. Bessie C Swissvale 236 Whipple St, Penna. Diehl. Emma D Johnstown 24 River v\ve Penna. Dilts. Olive B Valier Jefferson Penna. Donnelly. Elizabeth McKeesport 601 Coursin St Penna. Donnelly. Joseph A Latrobe 327 -Mair St Penna. Douglas. H. E Indiana Walnut St Penna. Douglass. Hazel Indiana 34 S. 9th St Penna. Douglass. Joy R Indiana 34 S. 9th St Penna. Dowiing. Kathon M Johnstown 31S Main St Penna. Doyle. Anna K Ernest Indiana Penna. Duff. Ruth E Wilkinsburg R. F. D. No. i Penna. Duncan. Harry Indiana 930 Wayne Ave Penna. Duncan, Laura Indiana 930 VVayne .Ave Penna. Duncan. Mary G Windber I3"8 Cambria Ave Penna. Dunlap. Martha Olanta Clearfield Penna. Dunmire. Bertha G Creekside Indiana. Penna. Duysters. Edna N. S. Pittsburgh 1 200 River Ave Penna. Eakin. Mary Ellen Allegheny R. F. D. No. 2 Penna. Earhart, Lois Indiana 923 Oakland Ave Penna. Earnest, Bess E. Indiana Indiana Penna. Eaton. John Tranger Westmoreland Penna. Edwards. Vernon S Shelocta Indiana Penna. Edmiston. Clair W Indiana Indiana Penna. Eisenman, Florence E New .Alexandria .... Westmoreland Penna. Eisenman. Florence Hallton Elk Penna. Elkin. Curtis Indiana 94' Water St Penna. Ellenberger. Albert E Vandergrift Heiglits.S23 Wallace St Penna. Elliott. Dorothy H Reynoldsville Grant St Penna. Ellis. Mrs. T. Elmer Indiana 911 School St Penna. Engclhardt. Margaret K,....Glcnshaw Allegheny Penna. England. Florence M Wilkinsburg 428 Biddle Ave Penna. Erskine. Roberta R Turtlecreek 58 Church St Penna. Evans, Everett Ebensburg Cambria Penna. Evans, Margaret L Kittanning R. F. D. No. s Penna. Evans. Margaret S Indiana 646 Locust St Penna, Evans, Sara C Punxsutawney 716 Main St Penna. Everest. Myrtle M Wilkinsburg 53^ Trenton Ave Penna. Ewing. Caroline I Wilkinsburg 209 Penn. .Ave Penna. Fairley. Anna Saltsburg Indiana Penna. Farnsworth. Edna Clairton Mitchell Ave Penna. Farquhar. Mary I Monongahela 1012 Howard St Penna. Farrar. Dorothy Burgettstown Washington Penna. Fennell. Abbie E Greensburg R. F. D. No. 4 Penna. Fennell. Charlie .\ Greensburg Westmoreland Penna. Fennell, Irving M Green.sbiirg R. F. D. No. 4 Penna. Fennell. Minnie B Jeannette 32 Cuyler Ave Penna. Fiscus. Eva C Kittanning Armstrong Penna. Fiscus. Madelaine Indiana 1231 Church St Penna. Fiscus. Mark E Kittanning Armstrong Penna. Fisher. Catherine Swissvale 754" Elsmere St Penna. Fisher. Florence L \'andergrif t 102 Lafayette St Penna. Fisher. Kathr>-n L Turtlecreek .Allegheny Penna. Fisher. Mary Indiana 23 S. loth St Penna. Fislu-r. Robert Indiana 24 S. loth St Penna. Fitzgerald. Teresa Coral Indiana Penna. Fleitzer. Joseph A Vintondale Cambria Penna. Fleitzer. Marcus H Vintondale Cambria Penna. Page 170 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORIvIAL SCMOOL Juniors. Middlera and Special Students, continued Name Postoffice Street or County State Fleming, Elsie M.. Marwood BuLlor . . IVnna. Fleming. Hope Lovejoy 201 N. Sth St Penna. Ford. Elizabeth Rochester. Beaver Penna. Frederick, Jean M Oak Station Allegheny Penna. Freund. Elizabeth Pittsburgh 2413 Jane St Penna. Fritz. Miriam R Nowrytown Indiana Penna. Frj'e. Bertha Indiana 1 1 70 Water St Penna. Fr>^e. May J Pittsburgh 318 Ophelia St Penna. Gahagan. Maiiree Mt. Pleasant McKean Penna. Gailey. Mabel \' Indiana .....; 76s South St Penna. Galer. Adeline Indiana 467 Philadelphia St Penna. Galer. Ruth Indiana 467 Philadelphia St Penna. Gallaher, Hattie E ZL*lienople Main St Penna, Gamble, Emma Belle East Liberty 5857 Ellsworth Ave Penna. Gardner. Edna C Latrobe 628 Spring St Penna. Gardner, Jean M N. S. Pittsburgh .... 1237 Locust St Penna. Garinger, Beatrice Ligonier Westmoreland Penna. Gartley. Eva E Leechburg Armstrong Penna. Gault, William D. . . .... Dawson Fayette Penna. Gayley, Chester M Indiana 328 N. 7th St Penna. Name Postoffice Street or County George, Leah Jane Indiana . , . R. F. D. Xo. 5 Getty. Floyd R Indiana 211 N. 4th St Gessler, Clyde Indiana Indiana Getty. Mrs. Clair Indiana 1206 Philadelphia St.. Getty, Lawrence H Indiana 946 Church St Getty, Ross F Indiana 802 Maple Ave Giammartini, Adele M Allegheny 1410 Page St Giammartini, .A.ugusta. . ..Allegheny .1410 Page St Gibson. Edwin F Winslow Jefferson . . . Gihsnn, Walter D Pineflats Indiana (■il. hn^t. Martha T Indiana 1 190 Water St '.ilhlLin. Agnes Carnegie R. F. D. No. i iriihiian. Alice E East Brook Lawrence (-iolden. Helen E Allegheny 7130 Hermitage St. Gough, Delia Kittanning 301 S. JefEerson St... Gould. Hazel M .Clinton Allegheny Gourley. Betsey Vandergrift Armstrong Gourley. Harriet E Leechburg R. F. D. No. 3 Gourley. Phoebe I Leechburg .R. F. D. No. 3 State , Penna. . Penna. . Penna. .Penna. .Penna. . Penna. . Penna. . Penna. . Penna. . Penna. Penna. Penna. Penna. Penna. , Penna. Penna. . Penna. . Penna. . Penna. Name Postoffice Street or County State Graber. Sarah H N. S. Pittsburgh.. .25 Broadway Penna. Grabie. Frances W Manor Westmoreland, Penna. Grabill. M. Peari Lilly Cambria Penna. Graff. John M Blacklick Indiana Penna. Graff. Omer Graff. Paul M... Graff. Stanley. . . Graham. Lucy E. Graham. Ethel Gratz, Margaretta L Indiana 547 Water St Penna. Blairsville R. F. D. No. I Penna. Blacklick Indiana Penna. Indiana S53 Wayne Ave Penna. Butler 231 W. Cunningham St.Pcnna. Penn Station Westmoreland Penna. Gray. Ethel W Manor Westmoreland Penna. Gray, Naomi P DuBois 315 Scribner Ave Penna. Green, Charles N Kittanning Armstrong Penna. Green. William B Johnstown 150 Singer St Penna. Greer. Joseph E M urrysville .Allegheny Penna. Grimm. Gertrude L Leechburg Armstrong Penna. Grube. Twila L Punxsntawney Jefferson Penna. Guthrie, Nellie Indiana 604 Wayne Ave Penna. Gwin, John S. Cresson Cambria Penna :i Page 171 FENNSYJJVAlSriA STAXE NOR-IvIAL SCHOOL Juniors. Middlcrs and Special Studentf. continued Name Postoffice Street or County State Guinn. Nellie R Lurye Allegheny Pcnna. Haberlen. Katharine Latiube R. F. D. No. i Penna. ILukman. Martha E Harmony Butler Penna. n.i.lilin. M.ihel Eleanors Jefferson Penna. n.urul. Martha A Millvillc 12 Sedgwick St. Penna. ll.iiiH-s. B. Catharine Indiana G06 West St Penna. Hamilton. Drennine Indiana N. 6th St Penna. Hamilton, Mrs. W. S Indiana 122 N. 6th St Penna. Hamiil, .Alice .M New Florence Westmoreland Penna. Haniill. John C Indiana Indiana Penna. Hamilton. Hazel B Canonsburg R. F. D. No. i -Pennii. ilaricox. EiHth Titusvillc Craw-ford Pcrma. Hunl.-y. Annie E Charleston Si Society St S. Carolina Hanna. Annes S Lccchburg R. F. D. No. 1 Penna. Harkless, John E Collensburg Clarion Penna. Harkless. Mrs. John E Collensburg Clarion Penna. Harrison. George C Ernest Indiana Penna. Hart. .Albert Clarksburg Indiana Penna. Hart. Viola Elyria 116 Park View St Ohio Harizell. Percy C Welty Westmoreland Penna. Hast. Myrtle C. Mt- Lebanon Allegheny Penna. Hastie. Zclla M Freeport Armstrong Penna. Hastings. Quia Indiana S U Philadelphia St Penna. Hastings. Mary A Clearfield 107 4th St Penna. Haiixinirst. Jackson Indiana Indiana Pcnna. Hawkins. Jesse M Indiana 5^3 E. Water St Penna. ll.iwkin-s. Viola R Sharpsbiirg 120 21st St Penna. ll;i/l<tt. Lilliim Indiana 937 Church St Penna. IKvkc-rt. Z<lla J Pittsburgh 1884 Lincoln Ave Penna. Ht-niphitl, Helen Altoona I no 14th Ave Penna. Henderson, Edward B Indiana R. F. D. No. 8 Penna. Henderson. Ellen Carrollton Carroll Ohio Henderson. Ethel K. Avonmore Indiana Penna. Henr^-. Elzada Hamilton Jefferson Penna. Henrv. S. Winifred Washington R. F. D. No. 3 Penna. H.-nn.-. Robert H Saltsburg R. F. D. No. 1 Pcnna. Ilensc-ll. Alma M Grcensburg no State St Penna. Heron. Blanche E St. Benedict Cambria Penna. Herrolz. Edna A Pcnn Station Westmoreland Penna. I lerron. Elsie B Irwin 806 Penn Ave Pcnna. Ht_ssii, Emma Indiana Indiana Penna. 1 let rick. Ethel B Mosgrove Armstrong Penna. HetrKk. H. U-n E Indiana 729 Church St Penna. Hicks. Gertrude Fairchance Morgantown St Penna. Hileinan. Gertrude Dansdale Montgomery IVnna. Hill. Benjamin Ernest IndiaiKi I'.nn.i. Hill, Faye Indiana 302 S. nth St IVmia. Hill. Margaret I^echburg Armstrong Penna. Himler, Carrie B Latrobc 10 N. Ligonicr St Penna. Hippo. Maude M. . . Eldorado Blair Penna. Hodgson. Jennie M Turtlccreck Allegheny Penna, Hoffman. Kegina K Bridgeville R. F. D. No. i Pcnna. Hopkins, Mary L Marion Center Indiana. Pcnna. llos;nk. Wilbur D Indiana 848 Wayne Ave Penna. Hough. Gail West Newton Westniunl.ni-l Pciin.i. Houk. Lina M Indiana 93^' IMiil..'l'-li.lii.i M l:.iiii.i. Houk. Ruth Indiana g^O l'hil...trli.hi.. st I'.nn.i. Houston. Florence B Indiana 678 Main -St IViiiia. Houston, .\elte T Blacklick Indiana Pcnna. Howland. Margaret B East Altoona Blair Petma. Name Postoffice Street or County State Hovl. (..rayce Clearheld Clearheld Penna. iluyt, Josephine Clearfield Clearfield Penna. Uuyt. Ruth Clearfield Clearfield Penna. Hudson. Charles F. Grampian Clearfield Penna. Hug, R<)s;i B Indiana Indiana Penna. Hull. Margaret F. Tyrone Blair Pcnna. Hutchison, Paul L Pittsburgh 268 Fisk St Pcnna. Hutchman. Bess L Valencia Butler Penna. lacovone. Frank Indiana Indiana .Penna. I^kes, Conifrey Boswell Somerset Penna. Igo, Hazel New Florence Westmoreland Penna. Irwin. John A Bellevue 121 Beaver Ave .Penna. Irwin. Pauline R Brownsville Fayette Penna- liwin. Samuel R .Cherry tree Indiana Pcnna. Jacoby. Rozetta Indiana 255 N. sth St Penna. James, Elizabeth Braddock 722 Parker Ave .Penna. Jamison. John . , .Indiana 39 S. 6th St Penna. Jafjuish, Ella Clymer Indiana Penna. Ja'piish. Hannah Clymer Indiana Penna. Johns. Gladys G Punxsutawney Jefferson Penna. Johnson. Grace Emlenton Venango Penna. Johnson. Jean Indiana 207 loth St Penna. Johnson. Roxy Mahaffcy Clearfield Penna. Johnstin, Grace M.. McKeesport 527 Coursin St Penna. Johnston. Alice E Edgewood Park 112 Swissvale Ave Penna. Johnston. Florence E Apollo Armstrong Penna. Johnston. J. Stewart Indiana 1052 Grant St Penna. Johnston. Martha Indiana 1052 Grant St Penna. Joiner. Doyle G Grismore Indiana Penna. Jones. Anna M Indiana io<j6 Church St.. Penna. Jones. Minnie Homestead 1300 Margaret St Penna. Jones. Sarah M Homestead sso lOth Ave Penna. Junker, Dorothy S Indiana Indiana Pcnna. Jury. Hannah B Le Contes Mills Clearfield Pcnna. Jury. Lillian Le Contes Mills. . . .Clearfield Pcnna. Jury. Winifred E Shawvillc Clearfield Pcnna. Kallaway. Crissie Homestead Allegheny Penna. Kappel. Margaret. ... N. S. Pittsburgh 9 Lowrie St Penna. Kaslwrger. Irene E N. S. Pittsburgh 1901 Brighton Road.. ..Penna. Kauffman. J. Claire Indiana Indiana Penna. Kauffman. N. Hazel Indiana R. F. D. No. 5 Penna. Keck. Ruby M Pitcairn ss6 4th St Penna. Keefer, Lula .Lccchburg Armstrong Penna. Keeler, Raybum Indiana Philadelphia St. Pcnna. Keener. C. Josephine East Brady Clarion Pcnna. Kee|H-rs, Helen G Indiana 966 Church St Penna. Kiiin. R. R Arrow Somerset Penna. K.-ll.T. Kathr>-n D Indiana 939 Chestnut St Penna. Kill-M. K. P:iul BelUfonie Center Penna. K.II.y. I'M (la M ImiJaiK. . . . 762 South St Penna. Kiiimilv. Margaret L Salt -^ln in; ... .Indiana Pcnna. K.nn.dy. M.iry E Frer;>ort R. F. D. No. 1 Pcnna. Kcpplc. Hazel O Indiana Indiana Penna. Kepple. I^ora M Greensburg W. Newton Ave Penna. Kfpple. Melva C Indiana Indiana Penna. Kcpplf, A. Seanor New Alexandria. . . .Westmoreland Penna. K'lt, R.iyiimnd Seward Westmoreland Pcnna. Kill. ( IiHiir'! Blairsvillc Maine St Penna. Killiri. Lcoiiia M Homer City Maine St Penna. Kimball. Leo Charles Ebensburg Cambria Penna. Kiminel, A. Grace Sticlocta Indiana Penna. Parie 172 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORTvIAL SCHOOL Juniors, fiddlers and Special Students, continued Name Postoffice State or County State Kinter, Elizabeth H Home Indiiina Penna. Kinter, Martha M tloine Indiana Penna. Kintz, Florence E Latrobe 505 Depot St Penna. Kleinstub, Annie Creekside Indiana Penna. Kline, Mary L Indiana R. F. D. No. 6 Penna. Klink, Thos Southwest Westmoreland Penna. Konold, Selma M Millvale 1047 Evergreen Ave. . . . Penna. Kring, Howard S Johnstown Trust Co. Building Penna. Krug. Aloysius James. .. . .Nicktown Cambria Ptnna, Kurtz, Leone Punxsutawnc Jefferson Penna. Lambert, Margaret Sh;inksville Somerset Penna. Langham. Elizabeth Indiana 300 N. 9th St Penna. Langham, Louise Indiana 300 N. 9th St Penna. Lange, Helen Indiana Indiana .' . . . Penna. Laudenslager, Homer C Girardville Parker St Penna. Laudenslager. Lulu M.. . . .Girardville Parker St Penna. Laudenslager, Wilbur Girardville Parker St Penna. Lauffer. Roy Williamsburg Blair Penna. Lauver, Emilye R Altoona 790 7th Ave Penna. Learn. Blair G Indiana . 413 Church St Penna. Name Postoffice Street or County State Learn. Ola. . . . Indiana 41U S. i ith St. Penna. Le\'ine, Charles Indiana 3<>y Church St. Penna. Levine. RosaUnd Indiana 307 E. Church St Penna. Lewis. Edna J Punxsutawney Jefferson Penna. Lewis, Paul M Punxsutawney Jefferson Penna. Leydic, Charlotta F Indiana Indiana Penna. Leydic, George D. Indiana 280 Philadelphia St Penna. Lieb, George A. Nicktown Cambria Penna, Liggett, Lettte C . New Florence Indiana Penna. List. Lillie E McKeesport 440 Federal Ave Penna. l.ittle, Edward S Reynoldsville Jefferson Penna. Little. Janet Wilkinsburg 418 Biddle Ave Penna. Little, Ray A Chest Springs Cambria Penna. Little, Roy \' Indiana 902 Oak St Penna. Livingston, Annabelle Wall , Allegheny Penna. Lloyd. Gardner Ebensburg Cambria Penna. Lohr, William D Ligonier Westmoreland Penna. Long, William M Harrison City. .... .Westmoreland Penna. Long, M. Agnes Carnegie Ramsay Ave Penna. Name Postoffice Street or County State Long. Roberta California Wasliin^ton I'cnuii. Lungwilt. A. Elvey Indiana i ly Cljmcr Avr. Pinna. Longwill, Mary N Indiana 94O Water St Penna. Loughry. Margaret W Indiana N. 6th St Penna. Lower, Clyde Homer City Elm St Penna. Lowry, Eleanor D Sharpsburg 1335 Middle St .Penna. Lowry. Eliz.ihttii Indiana 42 S. 6ih St Penna. Lu\vr\'. J.irms R , Indiana . . 733 School St Penna. Luvvrs', M.irdi.i K Indiana 13 Railroad Place Penna. LjdiL. lla/il A Indiana 1026 Church St Penna. \Iackall, I'Mii li Beaver Beaver. . . Penna. Madera. \'irii,i .Allegheny 4016 Oak Grove Ave.... Penna. Magill. E|i/.lIi(IIi Braddock no Hawkins Ave Penna. Magill. Ja.sei)h B. .... Homer City Indiana Penna. Mahan, Esther B Indiana Indiana Penna. Maloney. M. Roy Beaver Falls 815 Lincoln Place Penna. Margiotti, Charles J Punxsutawney Jefferson Penna. Marks, Claire HolUdaysburg in Allegheny St Penna. Marks. Marguerite HoIIidaysburg Mulberry St Penna. Page 173 PENNSYJJVANIA STATE ISTOR-IVIAL SCtiOOL Juniors. MidJters and Special Students, continued Name Postoffice Street or County State Marlin. lidnu Indiana 224 S. nth St Pcnna. Marron. Maryanrt L Windber Graham Ave IVnna. Marshall, Kathleen Canonsburg 171 College St I'enna. Martin. Alice B Oil City 121 Clarion St Penna. Martin. Don Fineflats Indiana Penna. Martin. L. Verne N. S. Pittsburgh 125 Carroll St Penna. Martin. N'ellc ICithr>-n Pumcsutawncy 200 N. Penn St. I'l-nn.t. Masters. Anna C.r.m-. , Confluence Somerset I'.rm.i- Matwr, Maty.uft Mos^rove Armstrong-... I'.iui.i. M.ite<.'r, Robert E Mosgrove Armstrong IVima. Matthews. Jane C Allegheny 64 Lombard St Penna. Mathews. R. Jean New Florence Indiana IVnna. Maxton. Kdmi M Clearfield 20 W. 3rd St Penna. Maxwell. Ruby Arnold R. F. D Penna. Mc Bride. Myra E .'. . N. S. Pittsburgh loio Locust St Penna. McCann. Cecilia Johnstown 227 Ebensburg Road. . .Penna. McCarter, Joseph E Braver Falls 1406 8th Ave Penna. McCauley. Helen R Brockwayville Jefferson Penna* McClaran. Mary B Saltsburg Washington St Penna. McConib, Margaret C \'andergrift 127 Summer Ave Pcnna. McConnell. Ida MtKeesixirt 908 Huey St Penna. McConnell. Susannah Kit tanning Armstrong Penna. McCormick. Irene Vandergrift Heights. 225 Lowell St Penna. McCrcary. H. Clay Indiana 9th St Penna. McCreary, Ralph \V Indiana gth St Penna. McCreight. Hazel W Reynoldsville HiU St Penna. McCreight. Lloyd Indiana 1230 Philadelphia St... .Penna. McCuUough, Elsie \';uidergrift no Hamilton Ave Penna. McCuUough. Ethel Clmton Allegheny Penna. McCuUough. Ruth Cooki>ort Indiana Pcnna. McCune. William C Dravosburg Washington Ave Penna. McCurdy. Hanna Livermore Westmoreland Penna. McCutcheon. Ida Parnassus Westmoreland Penna. McDermott. Ruth E Crabtree Westmoreland Penna. McDermott. Sue A Crabtree Westmoreland Penna. MacDonough, .Ama-ida J...Laporte Laporte Ind. McDowell. Ethel R \'andergrift 140 Columbia Ave Penna. McEwen. Marj* , Castle Shannon Allegheny Penna. McFail. Florence L Pittsburgh 244 5th Ave Penna. McFarland. .Vniui Indiana 1024 Water St Penna. MacFarland. Andrew L. . . .Tyler Clearfield Penna. McFarland, Clarence R.. . Cherry tree Indiana Penna. McFarland, Edna Indiana 1024 Water St Penna. McFarland, Paul S Indiana 1208 Washington St Penna. McFarland. T. C. . I'.irkcr's Landing.. . R. F. D. No. 2 Penna. McGara, Lottie - ( h,iiiit)ersville Pcnna McGee, Esther Ruth .\l.(..-.-s p. o Clearfield Penna. -McGee. May -M^riun Center R. F. D. No. 2 Penna. McGee. Ruth J Punxsutawney Jefferson Penna. McGinity. John Blairsville 95 S. Liberty St Penna. McGregor, .Nellie Indiami 50 N. 6th St Penna. McHenr>', Grace M. lii.!i.,na Indiana Penna. Maclntyrc. Janet 1), ( >ii ( iiy 241 Imperial Ave Pcnna. McKeage, I-ouise. ( h.-irytrec Indiana Penna. McKee. Ruth Indiana 978 Philadelphia St Penna. -MacKcnzie. Annie Lauric.Oil City 102 Bisscll Ave Penna. McKibl>en, Beatrice Newcastle 169 S. Mill St Penna. McLain, Helen M Wilkinsburg 614 Hill Ave Pcnna. McLane. Araminta M Eaat Liverpool 930 Denver St Penna. McLaughlin. Dorothea Leechburg R. F. D. No. 3 Penruu Name PostoAce Street or Oounty State McLaunhlin. Ernest Shelocta Imliana Penna. MiLauKhlin, Welty Leechburg R. F. D. No. 3 Penna. MaiLeod. Helen J Wilkinsburg 748 Glenn Ave Penna. McMahon. Eleanor Pittsburgh 6817 Frankstown Ave... Penna. McNutt, Olive Canonsburg 224 W. Pike St Penna. McWilliams. W. Harold . . . Penna. Furnace Huntingdon Penna. Meanor. EIizal>eth Indiana 1028 School St , . .Penna. Means. Scott Kittanning 503 Jefferson St Penna. Mians, Mabel Moncton 315 Robinson St Canada Meason, Nelle Pennsville Fayette Penna. Mellon. Ethel N Springdale Allegheny Penna. Mencia, Humberto. . . . San Salvador 102 Santa Ana Cent. Amer. Menzic. Elizabeth Irwin R. F. D. No. i Penna. Meschter. Ada C Worcester Montgomery Penna. Metheny J. Renwick Beaver Falls Beaver Penna. Mewhcrter, Roxic W Blairsville Westmoreland Pcmia. Miller. Blanche I Indiana 1634 W. Philadelphia St. Penna. Miller. Edna I Parnassus R. F. D. No. 1 Penna. Miller, George A Parnassus R. F. D. No. i Penna. Miller, Hazel Murdocksville Washington Penna. Miller. Ira . Belsano Cambria Penna. Miller, Murn M BlackUck Indiana Penna. Miller. Nellie M Indiana 1030 Washington St Penna. Miller, La Rhue Creekside Indiana Penna. Miller, Zula O Livermore Indiana Penna. Millin, Mary A Stanton Jefferson Penna. Milligan. Marie Mt. Lebanon Alfred St Penna. Miskimins. Margaret New Martinsville. ..Wetzel W. Va. Mitchell, Daisy Mahaffey Clearfield Penna. Mitchell. Mrs. John B Indiana 316 S. 7th St Penna. Mogle. Ash Merle Indiana N. 7th St Penna. Moore, Effa D Cowansville Armstrong Penna. Moore, G. Clair Indiana Indiana Penna. Moore. Martha Allegheny 856 Lincoln Ave Penna. Moorhead. Lisle Indiana 421 Philadelphia St Penna. Morabito, Frank Indiana Indiana Penna. Morabito, Mrs. Frank Indiana Indiana Penna. Morgan, A. Russell. ..... .Graceton Indiana Penna. Morgan, Ethel E Titusville 149 N. Drake St Penna. Morris, Jean I Connellsville 204 Main St Penna. Morrison. Florence Ernest Indiana Penna. Morrow. Clifford Clymer Indiana Penna. Morrow. Mamie Oil City 104 Liberty St Penna. Mott, Grace E Pittsburgh 6416 Aurelia St Penna. Mountain, J. W Indiana 036 Wayne Ave Penna. MulhoUen, Sara Tyrone Blair Penna. Mullen, Jennie Lovejoy Indiana Penna. Muman, E. I.«onard Latrobe 1514 Jefferson St Penna. Munhall, Fred Indiana 1037 Church St Penna. Munhall, Elizabeth Indiana 1037 Church St Penna. Munro. Jennie Wilmerding 217 Welsh .Ave Penna. Munshower. Mabel Indiana 340 Church St Penna. Muri>hy, Phyllis Vandergrift 18K Washington Ave Penna. Murray, Francis M Rossiter Indiana Penna. Murray, Mabel M Homestead 904 West St Penna. Murray. Mar>' V Wilkinsburg 20s Savannah Ave Penna. Murray, Stella Shawville Clearfield Penna. Miitzig. Margaret L East Palestine Columbiana Ohio Myers, Frank J Carrollton Cambria Penna. Meyers, Howard Indiana Indiana Penna. Myers. J. Paul Indiana Indiana Pcnna. Page 174 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORT^^AL SCHOOL Juniors, Middlers and Special Students, continued Name Postoffice Street or County State Nason, Linna . Hydetown Main St Penna. Neal. Florence E Livermore Indiana Penna. Neal, John Livermore Indiana Penna. Neal, Ruby Livermore Indiana Penna. Neale. Nellie Punxsutawney 301 Rockland Ave Penna. Nealer, Sylvester I ndiana 5 1 1 Chestnut St Penna. Neely. Margaret Indiana 761 South Ave Penna. Nehrig, Harr>' H Indiana R. F. D. No. 5 Penna. Nelson. Fred Brockway ville Jefferson Penna. Nemon, Lillian C Dunbar Fayette Penna. Nesbit, Janet Niagara Falls 2224 Niagara Ave N. Y. Neville. T. Grace Saltsburg Indiana Penna, Newlands, Elizabeth Lorain. Lorain Ohio Nicklas. Susan Hoboken Allegheny Penna. Nichol. Matilda Leard Indiana Penna. Nicholas, Raymond , . Indiana R. F. D. No. 8 Penna. Niel, Mary I Homer City Indiana Penna. Nipps, Mary A... Pennsylvania Indiana Penna. Nix. Ruth Homer City Indiana Penna. Nixnn, Helen Cresell Jefferson Ohio Name Postoffice Street or County Noel, Abram C Ligonier Westmoreland Penna. North, D. C Anita Jefferson .Penna. North. Don F Anita Jefferson Penna. Notley. Esther Indiana Indiana Penna. Oatman. lone Indiana Indiana Penna. Ogden. Lloyd W Shawville. Clearfield Penna. Oliver. Nellie Bakerstown Allegheny Penna. O'Neil, Ruth McKeesport 220 6th Ave Penna. Opdyke. Twyla D Ernest Indiana Penna. Ormrod. Celia A Pittsburgh Finleyand Meadow Sts.Penna. Ousby, Eliza Sewickley 127 Grand Ave Penna. Overforff. Nellie A Indiana 535 Railroad Ave Penna. Owens, Mayme Curwensville Clearfield Penna. Page, Charlotte E Mt. Pleasant 406 E. Washington St. .Penna. Pardoe. Nellie E South Fork Cambria Penna. Park, Laura Indiana Indiana Penna. Parker, Mary Houston 2204 Baldwin St Texas Pamell. Elizabeth S Indiana 24 S. 9th St Penna. Parnell. Gilbert S Indiana 24 S. pth St Penna. Staie Name Postoffice Street or County State Patterson. Ossie M Wilkinsburg 5-'7 Coal St Poiina. Pattison, Nola A Indiana 936 Church St Penna. Pearson, Catharine Ernest Indiana Penna. Peilor. Murray Indiana 949 Philadelphia St Penna. Pfinhtal. Martha H Windber iioi Cambria .'Vve Penna. '" l:Iii,iI. W. Hilinger Windber 1101 Cambria Ave Penna. rn\ Nola Plumville Indiana Penna. inint;ton, Mary Niagara Falls 223 6th St N. Y, Petty, Loveda W Crafton 42 Creighton Ave Penna, Pfordt, Eleanore Indiana School St Penna. Phillips. Verna M Windber Somerset Penna. Phillis, Kcnmlh Beaver Falls 1500 7th Ave Penna. Pifer. Jaiiir^ M . , Indiana R. F. D. No. 3 Penna. Piper, Nui iii.i N. S. Pittsburgh 941 Kirkpatrick Ave — Penna. Pitt. Stewart M Greensburg R. F. D. No. 4 Penna. Pollock, Lillie L Rochester Mills Indiana Penna. Pollock. Matilda D Rochester Mills Indiana Penna. Potter. J. W Karthaus Clearfield Penna. Powell. Gwendolin Pittsburgh 12 Climax St Penna. Page 175 ^mm^ PENNSYUVAlSriA STATE NORNIA.L SCHOOL Juniors. Middlers and Special Students, cuntioued Name Postoffice Street oc County State Powell. Mariiarct B California Jiui St I'ljiiiia. Preston, Ellie Puiucsutawney Jefferson St Penna. PrKL-. Gt.Tlrii(le W Swissvalc 7000 Blackhawk St. Penna. Prusser. S^irah Bamsboro Cambria Penna. Prouty, A<ia Eldred McK.ean Penna. Prouty, Mabel Eldred McKean Penna. RaROsin, Eva Heilwood Indiana Penna. Ralston. Anna E Brockwayville, Jefferson Penna. Ralston. Ella Indiana Indiana Penna. Ramsiiy. .Adelaide Mt. Pleasant 729 Walnut SL Penna. R.tnisay, Nellie Mt. Pleasant 224 S. Church St Penna. Rankin. Clara E Bcllevue 141 Jefferson St Penna. Rankin, luina M Washington Washington Penna. Raw. Carolyn I Tunnelton Indiana Penna. Rasco. Raphael Sagua la Grande Calzada de Ona Cuba Ray. DuiKht Indiana 1000 Water St Penna. Ray. Elbic Indiana Indiana Penna. Ray, Krna .M Indiana Indiana Penna. Ray, Jane A Pittsburgh 52 ig Atlantic Ave Penna, R.-iy. N. Dewitt Indiana looo Water St .Penna. Redd. May Pittsburgh 129 S. Rebecca St Penna. ReddinK, Kdward Clearfield 2i3 Reed St Penna. Rti'd. Cairii- Ligonier Westmoreland Penna. RLid. ( . Ruth Windber Somerset Penna. Reed, Ellen Elmora Cambria Penna. Reed. Ilulda Brookville 4 S. Pickering St Penna. Reed. Olive Desire Jefferson Penna. Reed. Thomas L Desire Jefferson Penna. Reese-. Ernest Ebcnsburg Cambria Penna. Rei^siii«. Margaret Indiana Indiana Penna. Reit^. lltjreiice Brookville 178 N. Pickering St Penna. Reminy. [.^juellcn. St. C .Latrobe 220 Irving Ave Penna. Rc-nninger. Lotta S, Oil City 11 10 Maple St Penna. Rhcam, Kenneth J Bellevue 35 Grant Ave Penna, Rhoada. Stella C Blairsville 259 Walnut St Penna. Rhoan, Edna M Juniata S06 yth St Penna. Rice, M. Edna PittsburKh. 34 ly Terrace Ave Penna. RishellwrRer. Myrtle Indiana 1104 Philadelphia St. ...Penna. Risins, Janii-ji F Indiana Church St. Penna. Rotx-rtson. Charles H Eleanor Jefferson Penna. Robertson. France* Johnstown 80 Barron Ave Penna. Robert&jn. Frank Indiana R. F. D. No. 8 Penna. Robinson. Arthur D Indiana R. F. D. No. 8 Penna. Robinson, Irene Monongahela 710 Coal St Penna. Robinson. Royden Dubois 249 S. Brady St Penna. Robinson, Frances Indiana 459 S. 7th St Penna. Rodgers. Jay Punxsutawney 229 N. Pcnn St Penna. Rodgers. Oscr»r Windber Somerset Penna, Rodkey, Margaret Mahaffey Clearfield Penna. Roller. Howard H Williamsburg Blair Penna. Roller. June M Williamsburg Blair Penna. Root. Lloyd U Beccaria Clearfield Penna. Rose. Mary L Sall.^buri; . . Indiana Penna. Rose, Nellie SaU>fiLjr(^ , , . . Indiana Penna. Ross, Virginia B Indi.in.i Philadelphia St Penna. Rote. Lillian B Pittsburgh 5504 2nd Ave Penna. Roth. Carmen Altoona 718 6th Ave Penna. Ruffner. Anna E Pitcaim 534 4th St Penna, Ruffner, Charles Arcadia Indiana Penna. Rugh, \'erna M Indiana 351 S. 6th St. Penim. Name Postoffice Street or County State Salisbury. litiyth I Pittsburgh 7044 Hermitaye St Penna. Sankey. Dcbra M Newcastle 123 N. Mercer St Peiuia. Scanlan. Eleanor Johnstown 112 Walnut St Penna. Schaum. Nelle V Pittsburgh 1228 Stanhope St Penna. Scholl. .Allieann West Newton sth St Penna. Schott, Elizabeth W Oakmont 3rd and B Sts Penna, Stluvab. Esther R Allegheny -'Oo Watson Boulevard. Penna. Scott. Helen B Springdale Butler St Penna. Scott, R. E Pittsburgh 1335 Tennessee Ave Penna. Seachrest. Camille Castle Shannon Allegheny Penna. Seanor. Virginia Indiana 3rd. St Penna. Seanor. \V. Dale Indiana. 3rd St Penna. Sefton, Grace M A'.ieghcny 3524 College Ave Petma. Severin. Edna A Carrollton Cambria Peima. Sexton. James H Indiana 742 Locust St Penna. Sexton. John Indiana 742 Locust St Penna. Sli.ttYer. lluiner Vintondale Cambria Penna. Shaiier, Mamie L Big Run Jefferson Penna. Shatter . William Vintondale. Cambria Penna. Shanahan. Adelaide Allegheny 1305 Kentucky Ave.. . .Penna. Sharbaugh. Earl Carrolltown .Cambria Penna. Sharbaugh, Pauline M. . . .Carrolltown .Cambria Penna. Sharp, Alma R Murrysville Allegheny Penna. Sharrer. Fred T New Bethlehem .... Armstrong Penna. Shaw. Ethel M Clearfield Clearfield Penna. Shaw. Lyiiam Clarendon Warren Penna. Sheridan, Mary C McKeesiwrt 11 13 Jenny Lind St Penna. Sherrill, Estella V Indiana. Indiana Penna. Sheriff. Joseph H Blairsville I79 S. Spring St Penna. Shick. Raymond M Indiana 525 Chestnut St Penna. Shields. Chas. D Blairsville Indiana Penna. Shields. George E Greensburg Westmoreland Penna. Shields. J. Willard Greensburg Westmoreland Penna. Shilling. John M Harrell Blair Penna. Shoff. Norra I Leechburg Wallace Ave Penna. Shoff . Z. Iris Tarentum 630 3rd St Penna Shugerl, Helen Morrisdale .Mines.. .Clearfield Penna. Shumaker. Reed New Bethlehem. . . .Armstrong Penna. Shumaker. Samuel Indiana iis S. 6th St Penna. Siemon. Martin Tranger Westmoreland Penna. Simpson, Anna C Indiana .831 Church St Penna. Simpson. Helen K Indiana Indiana Penna. Simpson. Lula Pcnn Run Indiana Penna. Simpson. Vera Amy Penn Run Indiana Penna. Simpson, \'era Abigail McKeesixjrt looO Park St Penna. Skehan. Agnes Ernest Indiana Penna. Skdly. Margaret E Greensburg W. Otterman St Penna. Sloan, Cynthia Indiana iai Railroad Ave Penna. .Smith. .Anna Belle Rea VVashington Penna. Snmli. Earl E DuBois Weber Ave Penna. .Siiiuh. Elsie Eighty Four Washington Penna. .Smith, Frederick E Soldier Jefferson Penna. .Smith. Jane C Ligonier N. Market St Penna. Smitli. Mal.it C Punxsutawney 90S E- Mahoning St — Penna. .Smitli. M.ili tilm Latrobe Westmoreland Penna. Smith. S A. la Eighty Four Washington Penna. Smith. Tlialma E Pittsburgh 737 Hazelwood Ave Penna. Smitten. E. Leila Indiana 317 Oak St Penna. Snodgrass. Helen I Bellevue 545 Dawson Ave Penna. Sparks. Frances D Connellsville Fayette Petma. Spears, William W Indiana 4SI Church St Penna. Page 176 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL Juniora. Middlers and Special Students, continued Name Postoffice Street or County State Speedy. Arthur W Indiana 222 N. 8th St Tenna. Speedy. Lisle Shelocta Indiana Penna. Speer. G. Roy Mamonl Westmoreland Penna. Spencer. Evelyn M Ben Avon 924 Perr>'Svi!le Ave. . , Penna. Spryer. Helen G Pittsburgh SI iJl Liberty Ave Penna. Srp. Margaret E Blairsville 1 75 Walnut St Penna. Stackhouse, Sarah Johnstown 273 Fairfield Ave. ...... Penna. Stage. Bertha Clearfield 4 W. 4th Ave Penna. Stahl. Leora Homer City Indiana Penna. Staples, Rachel Einlenton R. F. D. No. I Penna. Steel Charles B Greensburg R. F. D. No. 4 Penna. Steele. Stella Indiana Grant St Penna. Steen. Nellie Pine Flats Indiana Penna. Steetle, Helen Indiana 590 7th St Peniia. Stephens. Mabel Mt. Pleasant 1 20 Eagle St Penna. Stevens, Margaret Mansfield Tioga Penna. Sieving, Edith Indiana 527 Water St Penna. Stewart, Alexander Indiana Indiana Penna. Stewart, Edna Indiana loig Philadelphia St... .Penna. Stewart. Elizabeth Indiana 759 Locust St Penna. Name Postoffice Street or County Stewart. Helen Iiidian.i jigS, 1 tth St. Stewart. Joseph T. ('lu'rr\tri-e Indiana Stewart. Elizabeth Parnassus R. F. D. No. i . . Stewart. Margaret E. Homer City Indiana Stewart . Paul D Livermore Westmoreland Stiles, NIayme M Nicktown Cambria Stonbraker. Gaynell I ndiana Indiana Stonbraker, May E Indiana Indiana Stonbraker. Paul J Indiana Indiana Stoner. Ola G Mt. Pleasant ig College Ave Storey, Mildred Wheeling 312 N. Front St Stover, Paul Indiana Indiana Strathern, Margaret East Pittsburgh. . - -610 Main St Stuchell, Paul E Indiana R. F. D. No. 8. , . St. Clair. Alice Indiana 935 Philadelphia St.. Summerton. Laura Vandergrift 115 Harrison Ave., . Swan, Helen J Indiana 305 E. Oak St Swan, J. Steele Indiana 30s E. Oak St St. Clair, Bertha Indiana 1080 Grant St State , Penna. . Penna. Penna. . Penna. . Fenna. .Penna. Penna. , Penna. Penna. -Penna. .W. Va. . Penna. , .Penna. , Penna. . . Penna, . . Penna. . . Penna. , . Penna. . . Penna. Name Postoffice Street or County Terneus. Hector Elinto Chile. No. 51 Terpe. Ruth II Marion Center Indiana Terry, Sara G Indiana 252 Philadelphia St.. Thickett. Edith L Beaver Falls 413 6th Ave Thomas, Molly L Indiana 49 N. 7th St Thompson. Carrie M Leechburg Armstrong Tli.itii|isnn, Etizabeth. . Bcllevue 34 Euclid Ave 1 JKniii'^nii, lolin I'namis Somerset Tli..iriii^..ii, Jnne M. . Pittsburgh 1740 Wabash Ave... TlioiiiiJ.sun, Myrtle E EUwood City 416 Wayne Ave Thompson, Naomi , Indiana 703 School St Titterington, J. Clyde Indiana 1 163 Grant St Titus, Herbert Le Raysville Bradford Smith, Jane C Ligonier North Market Tomb. Herman V Indiana 758 Locust St Tomb. Laura Indiana 758 Locust St Tonkin. Worth Cherrytree Indiana Trimble, Horace 1! Home Indiana Trimble, H. Mac Home Indiana State Ecuador . Penna. . Penna. . Penna. . Penna. . Penna. . Penna. , Penna. . Penna. . Penna. . Penna. . Penna. . Penna. Penna. . Penna. . Penna. . Penna. . Penna. , Penna. Page 177 |" o m PENNSYLVANIA STATE N0R]VIAL SCHOOL '> »-i- -5. W. Normal Boys Rolling Chickens In Clay to Bake in the Camptirt- Juniors. Middlers and Special Students, concluded Name Postoffice Street or County State Turner. Anna R Wallaceton Clearfield Penna. Turner. Thelma W Hancock Washington .'.' Mel. Tyler. Alice Windbcr Somerset Penna. Vance. Marj- B Irwin Westmoreland Penna. \'an Duzer, Charles Indiana R. F. D. No. s Penna. N'arner, Olive Vinco Cambria Penna. \'eil. Marearet Scalp Level Cambria Penna. Vogel. L. J Indiana Indiana Penna. Vogcl. Paul J Indiana Indiana Penna. VoReley. Caroline S Wilkinsburg 414 Hay St Penna. WaKlc. Anna \' Indiana 23 Railroad Ave Penna. W'.iiincr, Dora R Xew Florence. , . , . .Westmoreland Penna. W.uk.iikI. Knima S. Pittsburgh 2521 Jane St Penna. Waldlogle. Margaret Sharpsburg 60 Bridge St Penna. Waldschmidt. Dorothea.. .N. S. Pittsburgh .. . 1200 Federal St Penna. Walker. Bertha Osceola Mills R. F. D. Xo. i Penna. Walker. Edgar Indiana 1334 Church St Penna. Walker. Leonore M Latrobe 202 Chestnut St Penna. Walker. Lucy Graceton Indiana Penna. Walker. \V. Pearl Indiana Indiana Penna. Wallace. Florence Indiana 93 1 Oakland Ave Penna. Walsh. Elizabeth Horsehead5 Chunning Penna. Warner. Adele Turtle Creek Allegheny Penna. Warnshuis. Paul Josephine Indiana Penna. Waroblyak. Ella Allegheny 900 Chartiers St Penna. Washington. Martha Greensburg 315 Seminary Ave Penna. Name Postoffice Street or County State Was.'iell. Martha Belmar 41.- Lloyd Si Penna. Watkms, DoUie M Pittsburgh 2310 Patterson St Penna. Watson. J. Herman Indiana Indiana Penna. Weaver. Ralph Scalp Level Cambria Penna. Weigle. Beatnce K Shanksville Somerset Penna. Weigle, W" inifred Shanksville Somerset Penna. Wemel. Etta Ingleside Westmoreland Penna. Weir. Cordelia Indiami 458 Philadelphia St Penna. weller. Stuart Ligonier Main St Penna. Wells. Ethyl M Indiana 42 N. inth Si Penna. Weils. Lloyd. G Indiana 1410 Philadelphia St. Penna. Wells. Harry Home Indiana Penna. Wertz, Minnie Sharpsburg 1330 Middle St Penna. Wesner. Pauline B Johnstown Cambria Penna. West. Blanche Kane 320 Chase St. Penna. Westrick. Denis L Patton Cambria Penna. Wcymau. .-Mice Wilmerding 523 Middle Ave Penna. White. Jane G Livennore Indiana Penna. White, Mary R Livermore Indiana Penna. White. Nannie. Widdowson, Ruth.. Wiildowsun. X'clnia. Wiwiiins. Kiilli . ... Williams. K.Jitli Williams. Flossie. .. Williiiins. Florence. . Williamson. Elsie,, . WillKinison. Ruth. . . Kittanning. . .Indiana . . Clymer . .Indiana . . Derry . .Indiana .Indiana. Armstrong Penna. 316 S. 7th St Penna. Indiana Penna. .264 S. r3th St Penna. Westmoreland Penna. 789 Wayne Ave . . . . Penna. Indiana . . . . Penna. . Stoyestown Somerset Penna. . Valier Jefferson Penna. Wilson. .Agnes J Scott Haven Westmoreland Penna. Wilson. Carrie New Wilmington. . .Lawrence Penna. Wilson. Charlotte B Derr>' Westmoreland Penna. Wilson, Elsie Carnegie 443 Lincoln Ave Penna. Wilson, Helen C Manor Westmoreland Penna. Wilson. Joseph Indiana 217 S. 7th St Penna. Wilson. Margaret Indiana Water St Penna. Wilscm, Margaret P Indiana 575 Church St Penna. Wilson, Olive Derry Westmoreland Penna. Wilson. Wynona Indiana 935 Oakland Ave Penna. Wineman, Katherine Blairsvllle 20 E. Campbell St Penna. Winger. Herman Indiana S. 6th, St Penna. Wingert. Frank Marchand Indiana Penna. Winters. Edna E Buffalo Erie N. Y. Wissinger. Jesse T Shclocta Indiana Penna. Wolfe. Sara C Indiana R. F. D. No. i Penna. Wolford, Chas. H Greenville 33 N. Race St Penna. Wood, Gail Bluff Greene Penna. Wood, Lucy T Pittsburgh 362 Oakland Ave Penna. Woodrow. Elva A Greensburg 113 Henry St Penna. Woodward. Marie Indiaim 1119 W. School St Penna. Work. Gaynelle Indiana 16 S. loth St Penna. Wrigley, .Alice Crane Indiana Indiana Penna. Varnali. Margaret .Mioona Blair Penna. Vealy. Lenore Derrj- Westmoreland Penna. Young. .Xgnes D .Allegheny 3451 California Ave,. . Penna. Young. Carrie Clarksburg Indiana. Penna. Young. Sara B .Mlegheny 34s i California Ave. . . . Penna. Zehner. Lawrence Indiana Indiana Penna. Zehner. Lisle Indiana Indiana Penna. Zehner. Maude Indiana Indiana Penna. Zener. Ada L Rochester Mills Indiana Penna. Zimmerman, Rhea Johnstown 313 South St Peiina* Page 178 PENNSYLVANIA STAXE NORNIAL SCHOOL Model School Registry. 1910-1911 First Grade Baker. Rell:i Barker, Grace Elisabeth Bartlebaiigh. Martliii Beatty. Alice Beck. Edna Katheriiie Bennet, Frank Clowes. Josephine Cook. Robert Dickey. Ted EUenberger, Mary Catherine Engel. Mar>' Fleming, Beatrice Fleming, Mari' Kalhryn Ford, Laura Gambell. Howard Gibson. John. Jr. Glastetter, Bernadine Glastetter, Zeda Hamilton. Pat-e Harrison, Gwendolyn Hauxhurst, Lansy Hearen. Joseph Hoover. Wilda Jobe. Paul William Kanyute, Andy Kelly, William Long. Kathryn Long. Robert Lydick, James Mahan, William Mahan. Arthur Marshall, Beatrice McGaughey, Emily Mountain. Paul Oatman, Arvilla Pruner. Clara Richardson, Esther Roof, George Ross, Andrew Ross, Exlmund Scott, Margaret Segmore, Edwin Simpson, Mary Simpson. Ruth Sprankle, Carl Wiggins. Mari' Second Grade Anderson, Charles Lyle Clark. Cariyle Cochran, Emerson Donahey. Bessie Getty. Ralph Hauxhurst. Joseph Johnson. Lawrence Paul Kanyute, John KuUy. Gerald Kunkle, Bruce Kunkle. Cora Long, John Samuel Long, L<jvd Millr-r. M.irtlia Mnr.-li.M.I. Ii'hn Morns. 1.I--I.' Robert Munli.ill, S.^lwyn Neely, Katherine Pfordt, Laura Shea, Elisabeth Simpson, Mary Belle Stiiufl'-r, Jii.inna Stu. li.-Il, H<.vd Truitt. Julia Third Grade AMerfer. Dean Beattv. Aletha Blair. David Cochran, Earlamond Earhart. Lois Edmislon. Wayne Elder, T. B. EUenberger, Margaret Frick, Stanley Garee, Martha GlastettiT. Joseph Gutiirir. Al)i^;ail Harrison, Tliclma Hauxhurst. Howard Hickman, Elisabeth Hoover. Chauncey Koch, Albert Kunkle. Bruce Long, Banks McGaiihey. Ira Miller. Edward Morris. Helen Oatman, Martha Fourth Grade Atderfer, Caroline Beatty, Elizabeth Beatty, Reed Bennett, Charles Cal<Kv.-Il. Amy C.iUioun. <'.irl Di. kry, Margaret, Dunahey. Hazel Fleming. Helen Glastetter. William Hauxhurst, Dorothy Jobe. Margaret Johnston, Stanley Kelly. ^L1belle Koch. Walter Little. Blanche Long. James Moorhead. Clair Pfordt. Nancy Scott, John Shaffer. Grace Stuchell. Russell Truitt. Harry Van Brocklin. Charles Fifth Grade Barnett. Floyd Beatty, Harold Beatty. Walter Bennett, Everett Coon. Helen EUenberger, William Fleming. Florence Fleming. Nellie Frick. Floyd Frye, May Harmon. Julia Hill, Raymond Johnston. Ernest Kring. Anna Kuhn. Mollie Long, Dewey Long. Roy Miller. Marguerete Moorhead. Ernest Pinnell. Arleygh Pfordt, Margaret Randall. Bryan St. Clair. Lyle Telford. .Arthur Titterington. Irene Walker, Edna Sixth Grade Campbell. Delos Cary. Thelma Clowes. Robert Conrath. Bryan Edmiston. Clara Fleming, Kenneth Fleming. Roxy Garee, Bertha Getty. Cortney Hedden, Glenn Kelly, Chariotte Lidsy, Maude Lockard. Clinton Long. Alma Longwill, Ojay Miller. James Miller. Margaret McGauhey, Lisle Page 179 PENNSYLVANIA StAXE NORIVIAL SCHOOL Model School Registry, continued Pelerman. Evcrettc Rishebtrger. John Smaihers. Frank Tate. Xaomi Walker, Arthur Walker. RobL-rl Widdowson, Bernice Wilson. Andrew Work. Vatican Seventh Grade Anderson. Kthcl Beany. Irwin Bricklcy, Samuel Campbell. tGrby Dick. Orphia Donahey. Maude EIlenberRCr. Grace ■iL'iiiinK. Clyde luk, Waller laiman. Lawrence lauxluirst, Adalino lill, David loov.r. Ruth Kiinklc, Ix>Kan Mahan. Sara iMt<iaiit;hey. Elisabeth XkGjuhey, Anna Morris. Robert Nichol, Arthur Oatman. I.iuy Rehtn. Robert Roof. Nellie Shields, Zora St. Clair. Robert Stewart, William Wilhelm, Edna Eighth Grade Alderfcr. Liiry Anderson. Lillian Campbell. Alva Clawson. Stewart Coon. Darrell Donahcy, Grace EIIenberKer, Dee Ewing, Caroline Fiscus. Eva Fiscus. Mark Hedden. Ralph [lesson. Erla Hill. Quay Johnston. Perr>' Laudenslager. Wilbur NLihan, Florence Mast. Anna Xeal. Nova Xeely. Elisabeth Nichol. Archie Rawle. Frances Stewart. Earl Sullivan. Kathn'n Timblin. \>rnon Walker, Aileen Walker. Clayton Wilaon. Mary Ninth Grade Buchanan, Paul ("anii)bell. Joaeph Clowes. Marie Doutilass, Joy Gates, Ruth Gianiinartini, Adele Huston, Gayle Johnston. Jean Lydick, Irwin Randall, Vera Shea. Helen Smith, Thoburn St. Clair, Fred Walker, Anna VVifigins. Walter Woodburn. Charles W'iiEnun Men . WuiM.n. Summary of Enrollment POST okai)i;at!-;s SENIORS, REGULAR COL'RSE SENIORS, SUPERVISOR S DRAWING COURSE W'unu-u SENIORS, COMMERCIAL COURSE Men 7 Women 1 8 MIDDLERS, JUNIORS AND SPECIAL STUDENTS Mt-n 261 Women 670 Total enrollment in Xornial School 'i iit.il I--nri.|lnu'nt in MckU-I School Special Si tidents not cataluguctl '47 i8 25 Students counted twici* Total Enrollment in the Institution 1407 Page 180 '^mm^ PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORIvIAL SCHOOL Alumni Registry Following are the names of the graduates of this school arrange<i in alphabetical order. This facilitates the finding of any name belonging in the list. Opposite the name, the year of graduation is given, and as the Class Directory follows this list, one can turn at once to the person's class, obtain his address, and the list of his classmates. Adair. Jennie M Adair. Margaret Adair. Ruth Adams, Florence I.. Adams, Laura A. Agey. Olive M,. . . Agey. Wallace B.. Ague, John B. . 1 89 J 1895 igio 1907 IQOb 1902 1884 Alcorn. Edna M 1910 Alexander. Julia F igoj Allen, Cora L 1900 Allen. Annie E 1883 Allen. Florence A. . , 1907 Allen. Janney. ...1889 Allen. Mar\' E. K. 1000 Allen. Susie A 1807 Alexander, Margaret 1900 Allison, Annie N 1884 Allison. D. B 1888 Allison, J. Lewis 1881 Allison, R. Wilson 1882 Allison, S. Isabel 190s Allshouse, Blanche 1 1910 Alston. Carrie 1899 Alien, A. Virginia 1897 1007 1 90(> l8(>i 1895 1909 1 90 1 l88g 1893 1900 1878 1889 1905 1895 1885 i88j 1 88s Baer, Flora . B.iinl, M.irv B.ik.r. IVuli B.ik.'i . 1902 189 1 1899 1899 Alter, Leola Alter, Minnie. . . . Amberg, Nora. . Anderson. Alice G. .Anderson. Ida Anderson. Irene Anderson. Vina Andrews, Dora B. Andrews, Harriet . Andrews, James E Andrews. Mary A. Andrews, Mary A. Andriessen. Edith .^ngney, Allan B. Angney, May E. . Angus, Mary A. . . Ankeny, Elda A 1904 Ansley. Louisa L 1 899 .■\nsley. Mabel M 1890 .■\nthony, Lou E 1895 Arbaugh, F. N 1893 Archibald, J. P 1893 Armstrong. Irene B. 1897 Armstrong, Lillian T ..... 1896 Arnold. Edna V 1905 Ashman. Ida May 1901 Ashton. Laura E 1898 Ayres, Clara 1 89 1 Ayres. J. D 1801 Bach, Edwin E 1 894 B,iker. Mary M 1906 Baker, Sarah L 1902 Baker. W. S 1897 Balsinger, W. Ernest 1900 Banfield, Margaret S 1886 Bantley, Albert G 189S Barbour, W. W 1883 Bardonner, Margaret C 1901 Barker. Maude Si 1897 Barnes. Agnes C 1894 Barnes. Blanche A 188O Barnes, Blanche 1893 Barnes. Joseph F 1894 Barnett, Charles W. . 1902 Barnett, George W 1899 Barnett, Nan E 1895 Barnhart. Frank P 1895 Barns. Harriet B. 1907 Barns, Lida R. . 1905 Barr, Anra M, . 1903 Barr, Mary M. . .... 1897 B.irr, St. -11.1. , . . .1910 B.irrrtt, .Xi^iir-; M, , , , iqoi B,!rr>-, CtllirrKie M. . , 1896 Barry, Mary E. 1894 Barry. Mary L 1890 Barry. Rose 1895 Barton. Humphrey 1883 Bash, Gladys 1908 Bash, Laura 1895 Bash, Pearl 1892 Bath, Claude E 190J Bauman, Josie G 1899 Baumer, A. Katherine 1899 Baumer, Emma L 1899 Baxter. Helen Elizabeth 1910 Beattie, Mary 1904 Beatty, M. Rena 1898 Beck, Ethel Florence 1909 Bedell. Merl Edith ... igo8 Bee, Howard C 1900 Bee, Jessie M 1904 Bee. Lola B 1902 Beilstein, Edna S 1910 Bell, Edna Todd 1909 Beighel, Elizabeth 1896 Beistel, H. Clay 1893 Best, Ada Mae 1910 Bell. Mary H 1896 Bender. H. S 1893 Benner, Margaret 1891 Bennett. Mabel Rose 1909 Benrett, Man-aretta D 1901 Bennett, Nellie E 1900 Berkey, Jacol> M 1878 BerKey, William A. , . 1902 Berthel, Oi)al L 1903 Best. Elizabelh E. 1903 Bing, Pauline 1895 Bingey. Alda Dorrance 1908 Birknian, Sara 1886 Bishop. Leah V i8g6 Biter. R. H. 1888 Bi.\ler. Fan'^ir \' 1898 Black, E. Dora 1898 Black. Mary J. . . 1898 Black, Olive 1906 Black, Sarah. i,Sgi Blair. Emma B. ... 1890 Blair, Mary E. 1902 Blakely. JoKcnii A 1898 Block, Pauline 1895 Blosc. Hele.i J 1895 Blose. Wili'a B 1902 Bloiigh, Sara D 1898 Blue. John 1887 Blyhol''er. Blanche M 1899 Boardman. Lidie 1891 Bock, George H 1910 Boggs. May C 1910 Bohlander. Lera S igro Books. Mnbel R 1891 Booth, Tillie 1889 Bossart, Virgiiii.i 1909 Bothell. Clara E 1S84 Botsford, Editli D 1910 Boucher, Maiui 1896 Bowers, Hannah F ' 1907 Bowman, A^nes S 1890 Bowman. E. L 1903 Bowman. Harry E 1909 Brown, Nellie C 1894 Boyer. B. Frank 1894 Boyer. Elizabeth Boyle K. G.Ttr'ide . Boyle. Mary C. Bracken. Thomas S. Bradsnaw. Matlie. . . Bradt, Jennie Brady. Carrie L. , , Brady, Minnii- Bragdon. Caiii.- 1,. Brallier, L.ki \' Brandt, Kinina C. , Braun, Kathryn 1916 Breitenstein, Frances 1910 .igii . 1900 .1904 . 1910 -1883 . 1901 .1904 Breniser, C\Tithia 1S86 Brewer, Marion G . 1910 Brimmer, Jessie G 1894 Briney, E. Bertha iyo2 Briney. Olive M 1899 Brinker. Gasper C 1880 Brockway. Mabel C 1902 Brooks, Eliza . 1902 880 1904 1891 1910 1907 1 90s 1910 Brown. Charles J Brown, Edith O. Brown, Hattic C Brown, M,i M, Brown, Irrii.i R Brown, J.ii .ih s Brown, Janu W. Brown, Josephine R. , 1905 Brown, Lizzie M 1883 Brown, Mabel L 1906 Blown, Mabel R igio Brown. M. Jennie 1884 Brown. Marion L. . 1883 Brown. Mildrrrl , . lyio Brown, N'llii- r 1894 Brown. VN'illi.nii 1 ... 1899 Brownlee, Hriiii.i .1907 Brownlee, .M.ihrl . ,1889 Brownlee. M.i\ , , 1905 Bruce, Anna U . . 1906 Bruce. Hil.U M. 1908 Bruce. James L, , , , 1900 Bruce. Laura B. 1886 Bruce. Sarah E. 1904 Brunner. Minnettf (_' 1900 Bryan. Lottie B 1893 Br>an. Minnie J. 1887 Buchanan, Ernest , . , 1902 Buck. Edith M 1901 Buck. Mar>' A 1910 Buente. Grace I. 1907 Burgess, Myrtle L. . .1906 Burkett. May E. . 1808 Burtt. May B. , i8g6 Buterbaugh, A. Laur.i 1906 Buterbaugh, Kathryn . , 1909 Buterbaugh. S. Grace 1905 Butler, C. Edwin 1901 Butler. Elzora G i8g6 Butler, Sara Madge 1908 Buzzell, Nellie S 1898 Caddy, Zenaida 1904 Calder. John R 1880 Caldwell . A. Mar^' 1 897 Caldwell. Olive B 1889 Calhoun, Clara A 1893 ■ Calhoun, Jennie N 1 886 :i Page 181 PENNSYLVANIA STAXE N0R-]MAL SCHOOL Calhoun, Marguerite E 1896 Calhoun. Mary L 1897 Callaghan. Ixjrt^tta M IQ02 Callen. Florcnci; 1903 Cameron. Annie R. 1801 Cameron, Christine M 1889 Cameron, Clara, 1887 Cameron. Katherine 1891 Cameron. Madge B 1903 Cameron. Martha A 1881 Cameron, Maude V 1903 Cameron. Miriam R. 1900 Alumni Registry, continued Camp, John N lOOo Campbell. Agnes Jane 1908 Campbell. Alice L 1888 Campbell. EUic M 1910 Campbell. Elva 1902 Campbell. Keturah 1895 Campbell. Lois Malinda 1908 Campbell, Mar>' 1903 Campbell. Mary M 1910 Campbell. S. Flora 1887 Campncy. Sarah L 1895 Canan, Eisic D 1902 Canan, Jessie E 1004 Cannon, Mar>- W 1886 Carmalt, Helen A 1910 Carmalt. Horace G 1897 Carmihan. Minnie 1905 Camahan. Sadie M 1910 Carnahan. Thetta 1889 Carney, Alice B 1885 Carothers. Elizabeth M 1895 Carroll, J. G . ..... .1887 Carson. John S. , 1895 Carter. Albert F. . . 1892 Carter. Lucilc 1 1892 Carter. M. Blanche 1890 Case, Gertrude S 1886 Cass, Nellie Elizabeth 1908 Caulfield. Mary G 1888 Caven. .Afines 1890 Cawley. Xan L 1885 Chalfant. Martha 1890 Chalfant. Marj* 1 1890 Chambers, Ella J 1902 Chambers. Kathryn R 1898 Chapman. James F 1896 Chapman. Wallace C 1899 Chase, C. Belle 1894 Cheesman. .Anna M 1888 Cheesman, M. Bertha 1894 Chester, Delia M 1889 Chester. Edna F 1891 Chisholm, Lillian A 1888 Chisholm, Mary G 1894 Chisholm, Mary L 1887 Christy, C. M 1897 Christy, Kate S 1888 Christy, Louisa H 1879 Christy, Marion F 1896 Christy. Maude A 1877 Clark, Anna J 190S t:iark, Annie M 1887 Clark. Charlotte 1892 Clark, Eifie M 1904 Clark. Mari' B 1889 Clawson. Carolyn 1909 Clawson, Cora A 1894 Clawson, Harr>' B 1910 Clement. Bertha B 1893 Clingernian, Mary B 1887 Clougher. Marj* H 1901 Clulcy. Ivy 18S8 Cochran, E. Jessie 1898 Cochran. Laura C 1 885 Cochran. M. Etta 1883 Cochran, William A 1 880 Coder. .Ada C 1892 Coffin. Edith V 1890 Coffin, S. Gertrude 1899 Condron, H. D 1892 Cohen. Jule W 1896 Coleman, Ada 1891 Conlin. Mamie 1 1903 Cook, Carribell 1908 Cook, Mar>' E 1901 Coon, Bess L 1909 Cooney, John H 1902 CooiH-r. Ellen 1892 Cooper. Mar>- B l88s Cooper. Mary H 1908 Cooper. Mar>' J 1888 Cordier. Anita 1888 Cornelius. Anna 1908 Coughlin. Ethel G 1910 Coulter, Frank \V 1909 Courtney, Grace A. 1910 Page 182 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL Covey, Maud E 1890 Cowan, Harriet J iSgg Cowan. Margaret J 1901 Cowley, Elizabeth B. 1893 Craig, Birdie B 1 899 Craig, Elizabeth E 1896 Craig. Elizabeth Jane 1905 Craig. Ford B 1902 Craig, J. Brad 1896 Cramer. John W 1887 Cramer. W. Justin 1886 Crawford. Alice J 1895 Crawford. Clara B.. 1897 Crawford. Ella E i88f) Crawford. Helen R 1906 Crawford. Mary igoi Crawford. N. Jean 1899 Crawford. S. Hazlette 1906 Crawford. W. Clark 1905 Crea. Eliza B 1910 Creese. Blanche 1899 Creese. Olive T 1901 Creps. Elbie E 1904 Cribbs. Nellye J 1908 Crider. Annie M 1886 Crocker. Elizabeth 1910 Crombie. Florence 1902 Crombie. Mary H 1898 Cronemeyer. Caroline 1899 Crosier. Mary I .1891 Crosmun. Charlotte M 190S Crusan. Catherine 1906 Crusan. Stella 1909 Cubbage. Margaret J 1895 Cullers. Lettie B 1889 Culp. Daisy E 1903 Cummings. Lillian P 189S Cummins, Eleanor G ..... 1S98 Cunningham. Bessie M 1903 CunninKham. E. Gertrude 1893 Cunningham. Erma L 1898 Cunningham. Frank B 1897 Cunningham. Grace A 1902 CunninKham, Helen Elliott 1909 Cunningham, I. Elizabeth 1905 Cunningham. J, Wilbur. ....... 1902 CunninKham, Laura 1910 CunninKham. Pear! 190S CunninKham. Samuel K 1902 Curr\'. Ethel W 1905 Draft. Miriam 1907 Dain, Hannah K 1887 Dalby. Lucy 1887 Daugherty. A. May. 1906 Daugherty. Helen rgoS Daugherty. Mary A iQio Davidson. Margaret 1899 Davies, Margaret 1910 Davies, Marian E 1908 Davies, Mae 190S Alumni Registry, continued Davies, Zillah Z 1897 Davies. Amy ... - 1901 Davis, Annie S 1890 Davis, Bessie S 1896 Davis. Clarence E 1908 Davis, Cora B 1903 Davis. Edgar C 1898 Davis, Emma E 1883 Davis. Elda M i8y8 Davis. Laura M 1885 Davis, Mabel P 1909 Davis. Margaret C 1S83 Davis, M, Emma 190(1 Davis, S,uini,;[ M 1879 D.ivi>. \'i<l.i M 1906 Davis(jn. Mary 1902 Daw. Cordelia H 1901 Day. Blanche M 1898 Day. Ella R 1887 Dean. Daisy R i8y7 Dean. Helen 1908 Deemer. Minerva P 1910 Delamater, Lillian 1S90 Delamater. Olive G 1896 Depp. Frank H 1905 Dctweiler. Mt-linda M 1905 Dr\ I Dh [[m , Willi. . M.. 1889 . 1 yo t ■ iy'"J4 .X89O .1903 l)U klr, I 1,1 M 1892 Diikiv. N. M.ibel 1899 Dickson. W. J 1889 Dill, Anson J 1879 Dill. Helen H 190? Dillnn. Eilvthe S igo2 Do.Ms, l-Muli 1899 Di.rr/h,i. hi r, Caroline L 1908 DoliLTli-, Anna G 1910 Domb. Zelda \" 1908 Donahey. Naomi B 1897 Doty, Daniel W 1880 Douds, Agnes M 1902 Douds. D. W J893 Douglass. Lill M 1901 Douthitt, Zannibel 1896 Dowling. Alice J 1909 Dowting, Bernadine 1905 Drew. Helen R 1907 Dubbs. H. W 1899 Duff. Amelia M.. Duff. Jane D Duff. Millie S. . . . Duffey. William E, . Duncan. Alice M, Duncan. Anna M. Duncan. Daisy B.. I8y6 T8y8 iSy3 iSSo 1909 ■ 1905 .1897 Duncan. Eflfa M 1901 Duncan, Ivys 1909 Duncan, Mary 0 1890 Dunham, Anna M . . 1902 Dunham. Carrie L 1S94 Dunliam, M. Blanche 1904 Dunham, Maude C 1904 Dunlap. D.-lla A 1901 Dunn, M,ir\' 11. lyio Diiiuvi.ldii-, M.U11L- H. .i8yj Durling. Willis T. . . 18S8 Durst. Myrtle M 1908 Duvall. Anna M 1896 Dyer. Eleanor R 1892 Dyer. William J 1893 Dyess. Mertyn 1892 Earhart. Harry W 1899 Eba. Edna J 1901 Eba. Helen M 1900 Ebbers. Edith M 1897 Eccles. Lida M 1884 Eckman. Rena S 1887 Edie, M. Leanna 1884 Edmonds. Jennie 1894 Edwards. Caroline 1901 Edwards, Ella C 1887 Edwanls. George M 1900 Egli. Amelia R 1901 Eiseman. Elma C 1896 Ekas. Agnes E 1888 Ekin, Alice M 1902 El(h-r, Emma J 1909 El.l.T. M.iiKiM-rite 1892 Eld.T, M.iinlr W 1890 Elkin, John P 1880 Elkin, Linus J 1910 Elkin, Olive F 1910 Elkin. W. F 1890 Elkin. William F 1898 Ellenberger, Jessie 0 1896 Ellenberger, Martha V 1904 Elliott. Adaline M 1885 Elliott. Jess D 1899 Elliott. Elizabeth. 1910 Ellis. Mary B 1894 Ellis. Sarah E 1887 Elrich. Charles 1877 EIrick, Clarissa M 1910 Ely. Seldon M 1888 Emerick. Viola M 1910 Emerson, C. Evangie ... 1899 Emerson. John C 1899 Empfield. Berlin 1906 Empfield. Ella E 1884 Empfit'ld. Kate E. . , 1887 Engle, Mabelle R 1899 Englert. Alice E 1804 Esterline. Anna C 1882 Euwer, Nannie F. 1895 Evans. Anna P 1 898 Evans. Annie E 1902 Evans, Emily S 1889 Evans, Jessie 1888 Evans. Nancy Olive 1908 Ewing. Anna M. , . 1889 Ewing. Maude L lyoo Ewing. Roberta M 1896 Fair. George H 188 1 Fir. May C 1885 Fair. R. Willis 1877 Fairley. Elizabeth D 1888 Falkenstein, Helen 1910 Faloon, Mary H 1910 Farrer, Helen 1910 Faulkner. Mayes E 1902 Feicht, Emelia T 1897 Feit. George J 1890 Felgar. Grover C 1909 Ferguson. Ada 1 1891 Ferguson. Clara 1910 Ferguson, James T 1904 Ferguson, Lydia 1890 Fetterhoof. Floy 1899 Fetzer. Ella L 18S8 Field. Mary M., 1901 Fielding. Eva L. 1899 Fielding. Fronie S, 1888 Fingal. Lotta E. 1905 Fischer, Carrie A. 1903 Fiscus, Blanche 1888 Fiscus, Clara 1889 Fiscus, L L 1 892 Fiscus, J. J 1887 Fiscus, N. S 1891 Fisher, Effie J 1893 Fisher, Harry H 1886 Fisher, James G.. 1899 Fisher. John S 1886 Fisher, Maude L 1900 Fitzgerald, Jean M 190S Fix. Rebecca N 1888 Fleck, Alice Lesta 1908 Fleck. F. Earl..., 1889 Fleck. G. Dare. 1902 Fleck. Gertrude G. igio Flegal. Mary E 1899 Fleisher. Lottie G 1 895 Fleming, Jessie E igoi Fleming. Louise S 1886 Fleming. M. Elizabeth 1904 Fleming. Mary E 189G Foale. Myrtle M 1907 Ford. Eva B 1882 Ford. Mary E 1883 Foreman. Alfred H igo5 Foreman. William O lyos Foresman. Anna Ruth 1909 Forney. Ruth H 1905 Fornwalt. Mary S 1910 Fosselman, John B i8q8 Foster. Blanche F 1898 Foster, Mary 1 1892 :i Page 183 PENNSYJJVAlSriA STATE NOR-IVLAL SCHOOL Foulkc. Katharj'ne 1893 Foulk(.>. Sunshine G 1805 Fowler. Rebecca M iou5 Fraser, Elizabeth C 1887 Freed. B. F 1890 Freeman, Sarah J 1886 Friesell. Clara E 180s Frost. Helen J iqo8 Fr>'C. Anna P ; . . , 1002 Fullerton. M. Ella 1890 Fulion. Belle T 1902 Fulton. Stella R igro Alumni Registry, continued Calbraith. Marietta 1887 Galbraith. M. Marion 18K4 Gallagher. John FJlis 1896 Gallafiher, M. Rose. ...,,,..,, 1894 Gallafiher. Sara C 1809 GallaKher. .Ada R 1806 Gallagher, Sarah M 1884 Gallagher. Sue B i8gi (jardner. I^misa M igio Garinan. Malvina 1882 Garman. Mildred E 1899 Carman. Tweet 1895 Garrett. Henrietta 1910 Gephart, Bessie 1910 Gessler. Caroline 1892 Getty. A. May 1909 Getty. Sadie R 1910 Getty. Mary 1885 Gettner. Florence 1 1900 Gettner. Mrs. Lina C 1897 Gibson. Ada C 1895 Gibson. Edna loio Gibson. Frank C 1888 Gibson. Rosanna H 1892 Gibson. Sara M 1905 Gibson. T. L 1890 Giltillan. Anna C 1897 Giimian. Sarah A 1886 Gilmore. L. Etta 1890 Gilrnore. M. Gertrude 1896 Gilmore. Margery M 1888 (iiven, .-\nnie F 1885 Given, Margaret 1909 Glasgow. John T 1893 Glass. Bella A 1896 Glass. Margaret 1909 Glass, May A 1904 Glass. Ora B 1910 Glasser. A. Elizabeth 1909 Glasser. Mary E 1907 Gleason. Mercedes De 1901 Glemser. Ella B 1908 Glemser. Marie . looi Gocher. Florence 1Q04 GofT. Frances E 1 806 Goggin. Margaret D 1899 Golhnar, Sarah E 1895 Good. John E 1899 Good. Laura J 1903 Goodell. Jane F 1891 Goodell. Nellie A 1887 Goodfellow, Margaret 1910 Goodwin. Bertha F 1897 Gordon. A. C 1889 Gordon. M. C 1885 Gorman. Ida M 1891 Gorman. Jeannette M 1896 Gorman. Ora B 1909 Grable. Osmyn A 1898 Gr.il f. Ann.i 1894 < .[.itT. Ann. I \< , , , 1896 < .r.itl. M.irili.t <). ... 1906 Gi jliani. Anna E 1903 Graham. Anna M 1885 Graham. Beatrice 1905 Graham. Mary M 1895 Gi.ili.uu, Maud B 1897 i.T.li.im, M.izie E 1899 f.i.Ui.iiri. N.m G 1908 l.iaiil. M. Margaiet 1898 Grassel. Anna M 188S Graves. Alice M 1910 Gray. Marian W 1905 Gray, Myrtle 0 1899 Greenwalt, Metta E 1903 Greene. S. Ella D 1881 Gregg. Mar>' J 1883 Greeves. Mary C 1898 Grieb. Anna K 1894 Griffith. A. Earl 1900 Griffith. Alice F 1887 (iriffith. Earnest 1910 Grimtn. Grace M 1899 Grimm. P. H 1889 Grumbling, ^rah 1877 Grumbling. V'lda R 1907 Page 184 '^mm^ PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORIvIAL SCHOOL Grundy, May A 1907 Guffey, Margaret 1894 Guss, Roland W 1881 Guthrie. Clyde G 1809 Gwinn, Caroline S. 1877 Gwyer, Mary Margaret 1909 Hackman, Harry C igio Hadley, Edith 0 188S Hagan, Hazel C. 1910 Hayenlocher, Anna C. lyoi Hahn. Edith M . ,1887 Hahn. Katherine 1910 Haines. Elizabeth C 1900 Hall. Loyal K 1891 Hamerly, Gretla M . 1906 Hamill, Franklin 1881 Hamill, Frank T 1906 Hamill, James S 1908 Hamill. Jennie - 1886 Hamill, Josephine 1889 Hamill, Mabel Floy 1909 Hamill. Q. A 1887 Hamilton, Ada F 1 88 1 Hamilton, Bess L 1905 Hamilton. Besse P 1904 Hamilton. Delia 1891 Hamilton. Elizabeth 1888 Hamilton. Ethel 1909 Hamilton. Margaret C 1883 Hamilton, M. Lenore i8q8 Hamilton, Martha 1909 Hamilton, R. Clark igoi Hamkens. Marie H 1007 Hammer, Charles M 1900 Hammer, George H 189S Hammer. Samuel F 1900 Hammer. William F 1897 Hammers, George M 1899 Hammers, John F 1896 Hammond, James B 1887 Hanmiond, Jane 1892 Hamphill, Gertrude 1889 Hancock, Martha F 1895 Haney, Alberta 1892 Hankey, Bess Alma 1909 Hanna, Bella A 1899 Hanna. John C 1879 Hanson. Carolyn A. M 1899 Hardie. Jessie H 1889 Hare. Sadie C. ... 1905 Harkness, Maude A. 1900 Harmon, J. Len 1899 Harnish, Lewis C 1S83 Harnish. William R 1882 Harper, Carrie 1893 Harr. Charlotte P. , 1889 Harrington, Beatrice 1888 Harris, Lillie M 1 904 Harris. Minnie R 1888 Harrison, .-Viina M 1904 Alun Reg Harrison. Elizabeth R . . 190S Harn.^un. Eli/ahelli M .. .1888 Harrison, J'-miie B ...1881 Harrison. Mary R . , . 1894 Harrocks. Sarah . .1885 Harrold. Gertrude A. . 1906 Hartley. Margaret M , . . 1891 Hart/.. M.irv A. . . . 1910 n.i^tUK-T. M,ui;air[ ly09 ii.lMllK'T. Mrll.l L. 1904 Hamsun. Gi.-iievi.;ve L) . . 1S98 Hastings. Jean VV . - 1905 Hastings, Ralph . . .1910 Hatch, Irene Chesebrough. . . . . . 1909 Hauck, Laura N . . . 1906 Hauser, Laura N . . . 1906 Hauser, Lyda M . 1902 Hawthorne, Camille . 1893 Hawthorne, Martha . . . 1890 Hay. Alberta . . .1888 Hay. Mary L ...1892 Hay. Nora . 1906 Hayden, Margaret B ...1886 Hayes, Elizabeth 19IO Hays. Caroline D 1S85 Hays, Fannie L . .1885 Hays. Flora B . . , 1884 Hazlett, Anna M . . , 1892 Hazlett, Annie S . . ,1886 Hazlett, Cordelia B . . 1902 Hazlett, Frances , .1891 Ila/I.tt. Fraiir.-s S. . . , 1897 Ila/li-tt. M.>l,rl A. iiJIO Ila/l.-tt. Ma)..-I Ann.ta 1 U09 Hazlett. Margaret M . . .1899 Heck, Edna M . . . 1902 Heitzenroter, Lillian M - . .1900 Henderson. Eya B . . 1901 Henderson. Mary, . . I8S6 Henry, Anna M. i<^u9 Henry. James T. 1S97 Herdman, Margaret A , , 1S97 Herriott. Emma j . . . 188S Hershberger. J. Elmer . . . 1904 Hershey, H. D . , 1891 Hen,'ey, Martha T . . . 1807 Hetrick. Marie P HJIO Hickman. Edward D. . 18S2 Hickman, R. L., , 18SS Highberger. Lyde M. , 1896 Hildebrand. Gertrude 1882 Hile. Cornelia E 1892 Hileman. F. Estella 1901 Hill. Dorothy 1S97 Hill. Eiiiah B i8g8 Hill. Eva A . 1S96 Hill. Grace E - . . HJ05 Hill, Jennie A T8g2 Hill. Margaret B . . . 18S9 Hill. Marj' V . . . 1907 istry, continued Hill, Thomas T 1905 Hillard. Barbara E 1904 Hillard, Blanche K 1907 Hills, \'erna E .1910 Hilty. James R 1910 nine. Nancy J 1888 Hirsch. Margaret B 1908 Hirlh. Alice 1903 Hirlh. Lillian M i8g6 Hirth. Violet C 1899 Hitchcock, Kathryn 1910 Ilil.shew, D.IUi 1910 Hubaugh. B.rtha V 1898 Hodge. Gra^e M 1886 Hoch. D. B 1893 Hodgson, Margaret Rutli 1909 Hoedle, Edna Anna igog Hoerle, Cecelia T.. . 1901 Hoerle. Janet E , 1897 Hoffman, Leon H igoo Hoffman, Martha R. A 1901 Hogue, Grace M 1898 ■ Hohrnan, Sophia A 1907 Holford. Alice B igo8 Holloway, Edna A 1894 Ilulnian. M. Persis 1898 llulsapple. Francis O iSgg Holsopple. Guy 1S98 Hood. Elizabeth May 1902 Hood. Ida M 1891 Hood, M. Laura 1896 Hood. Pearl I. . . . . .1894 lh.un. J. M.iru.ii.'L . .. 1894 Hopkins. M.irj K. , 1S95 Hopkins. Uallace E . . 1907 Horrocks, Sarah 1883 Horton, Frank H 1902 Hosack, Ross M 1905 Huskinson, D<-lh, . , .1890 Howell. Clara \'. , . igoi Howell. Mary M 1910 Hubacher, Caroline 1905 Hubley, Alice K 1910 Hudson, Nellie , , . . . 1904 Huff, Joseph A 1898 Ilughes, Emma igio Hughes. Margaret V 1904 Hughes. Mary E i8g8 Hunt, Julia 189G Hunt, Lola T igoo Hunter, Annie A 1880 Hurd. Sara E 1893 Hurst. Emma E 1892 Huston, L. Agnes 1894 Hutton. Argie B iSgg Hutchinson. Kate McD 1889 Hutchinson. Margaret J.. 1887 Hutton. Frank 1885 Hyskell, Ira D 1898 HyskeU, W. E. 1896 Igo, Madge V. 1908 Imhof, Margaret 1900 Irvin, Laura E 1905 Irvin, Mildred V igoi Iseman. Josephine M . rgos Itell. Thomas J ,1885 Jack. Anna M . , 1890 Jack. Ida M 1904 Jack, James R 1889 Jack. William M 1887 Jackson. Waller H , . i88(> Jacobs. Ella C 1899 James. Genevieve W 1904 Jamison, Anna E 1900 Jamison, N. Josephine 1906 Jarrett. Florence E 1902 Jefferj'. Carrie L 1900 Jeffreys. Jennie 1884 Jenks. E. Belle 1901 Jenks. Olive L 1901 Jenkins, Mary F 1891 Johns, Jennie V igos Johnson. Edward P 1879 Johnson. Eliza 1897 Johnson. Eva C . . igoo Johnson. Faith Romavne igo8 Johnson. H. P 1887 Johnson, Katherine W 1890 Johnston, Almina R 1898 Johnston. Anna Bird 1891 Johnston. Ida E. i8y6 Johnston. Ira D 1899 Johnston. J. C. Reed 1893 Johnston. Jennie K . , , 1893 Johnston. Joseph E 1889 Johnston, Laura E 1895 Johnston, Mary M 1890 Johnston, Mary S 1906 Johnston, T. K 1896 Jones. Anna Mary i8g6 Jones, Esther A 1888 Jones, Fannie. ... , i8g8 Jones, Fannie M.. . 1895 Jones, Harriet E. . , 1881 Jones, Mary E 1905 Jones, Mary E igio Jones. Mary Margaret i886 Jones, Minnie i8g6 Jones, Myrtle V, 1910 Jones, Rol.rri.i I., . 1S88 Jones, Sar.ili M 1896 Jones, S. M.iy< s 1888 Jones, Thomas P 1896 Jordan, Morris L ig02 Jose, Anna Frances. . igco Joseph, Gertrude i8g8 Kaiser, Anna Christine . 1909 Kallenbaugh, Marie 1894 Kalp, Viola R rgio Karstrop, Ava S 1901 :i Page 185 PENNSYLVANIA STAXE N0R,1VLAL SCHOOL Kaufman. Hettie i&oo Kearney. Hazel C IQ05 Keams. Eiather V 1S97 Keats. Ethel igio Kedan. Henrietta 1900 Kccfcr, John S 1880 Kccler. Etta A i8g7 Keener. 1. W 1895 Keener, J. A 1889 Keener. William E iQoi Kelichner. Sarah E l Sgy Keller, Ada H 1906 Alumni Registry, continued Keller. Bess M. . igio Kelley. Mabel C lyos Kelly, Grace M 1909 Kelly. Myra Z 1902 Kemp, Mrs. Harriet 1881 Kcndig, Jennie H 1893 Kendig. Mar>- 1891 Kenmiiir, Harriet L 1899 Kennedy, Isabel P 1910 Kennedy, Mary K 18S7 Kerr, Steele H 1901 Kerr, Thomas S 1903 Ketterer, Lena A 1905 Kimmel, Grace 1899 Kimmel, Harry 0 1910 Kimmel. Mildred 1910 Kimple. Lottie C 1887 Kirkpatrick. V. Blanche 1902 Kirschncr. Clara M 1907 Klages, Anna F 1909 Kline. Carrie W 1898 Klinciiian, Rliea 1908 King, Mary St. Clair 1910 King, Olive B 1910 Klingensmith. Annie 1883 Klingensmith. Grace 1899 Klingensmith, Marj- A 1895 Klitit^t-nsmith. Nannie B 1897 Kiiiivi'-nsmith. Sara B 1897 Kri.!|)p, Elsie C 1909 KiiaiJpenberger. E. Blanche 1901 Knappenberger, Binnie 1895 Knight. Lulu N 1883 Knox. Anna M 1887 Knox. Edith M 1 907 Knox. Harriett G 1910 Knox. Mariii P 1891 Knox. M.\ty R 1895 Koesel. Jeannette M 19OS Kohen. Anna G 1899 Konold. Selma M igo8 Koonce. Nina P 1899 Koontz. J. S 1887 Kraus. Florence E 1902 Krebs, Jennie 1887 Krebs, Matilda 1892 Kugel. Carolyn R 1901 Kuhns. Ida J 1907 Kuhns. Sarah 1 1910 Lacock, Georgia M 1897 Lacock. Grace N 1897 Lacock. Rebekah M 1905 Lamb, Stella 1910 Lambert, S. Earle 1909 Langham. Jonathan N 1882 Langhans. Florence L 1908 Lash. Charles F 1902 Latimer. Nannie M 1897 Latshaw. Edith J 1894 Laughlin, Anna E 1907 Laughrey. Anna S 1886 Lauman. Caroline H 1901 Lauman. Christine E 1899 Lawrence. S. Katherine 1887 Leard. Emma L. 1886 Leasure. Grace M . 1908 Leasure, Zclla B , 1902 Leavitt, Ruby E 1899 Lee. Alfred M 1893 Lee. Anna 1892 Lee. Bess. 1904 Lee. Margaret S 1905 Leczer. Tillie G 1890 Lemmon, Gertrude M 1901 i^mon, Emma R. , . 1885 Lenhart, Florence A 1900 Leonard. Cora A 1898 Leonard. John M 1896 Leslie, Grace 190s Leslie. Mary E 1883 Lewis. Caroline C 1904 Lewis, Cornelia P 1882 Lewis. Etta R 1896 Lewis, Hope 1894 Lewis. Mabel 1894 Lewis, Ruelba M 1908 Page 186 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL Lewis. Samuel T 1880 Leydic. C. Edna 1893 Lifshitz. Rose 1893 Lindeman. Mary M 1898 Linieer, Thomas F. 1898 Lintner, Mar>' 1 1902 Linton. Ella 1893 Llewellyn. C. Gregg 1897 Lockard, Boyd 19 10 Lockard. Margaret 1909 Lockard, Mary 1909 Lockard, Nora M 1894 Lohr, Frank C 1899 Long, Grace 1908 Long, J. Irwin 1910 Longwill. A. L 1887 Longwill, Leatha B 1902 Loraditch. H. Andrew 1899 Loucks. Amanda 1880 Loucks. Dortha M 1887 Loucks. Winifred i8q6 Loudon, E. Gertrude 1904 Lowe, Margaret E 1895 Lowman, Bertha 1902 Lowman, Elizabeth M . .1900 Lowman, Margaret J 1905 Lowman. Mary R 1905 Lowry. Sara E 1909 Lowry, Vesta R 1910 Lucas, Anabel C 1902 Ludwick. Emma J 180S Ludwick, Florence M 1893 Ludwick, Grace E 1907 Ludwick. M. Rebecca 1901 Lukehart. W. D 1889 Lupton, Clara B 1892 Lutton, Louis F 1896 Luty, Estelle B 1898 Lykens, Carrie A 1909 Lynn, Emma 1892 Lyons, Anna M 1889 Lytel. Oram C 1898 Lytle. Carrie A 1898 Lytle, Julia 1910 Lytle. Catherine M 1885 Lytle, \'erdi 1892 Mabon, Alexander 1891 Maclay, William B 1880 Maclay. William P 1882 Macqueen. Emma E. E 1909 Mahaffey, L. R 1900 Mahan. W. M 1890 Maher, Mary M 1899 Mains, Matilda H 1894 Malcom, Maude 1901 Mann, Mae Elizabeth 1908 Manning. Florence 1909 Marion, Katherine H 1886 Marker, Nellie. . 1909 Marquis, Elvira 1&89 Alumni Reikis Marshall, Ada L 1885 Marshall. Alice Hilda 1908 Marshall. Angie T 1901 Marshall. Anna P 1885 Marshall. Elizabeth R 1909 Marshall. G, Meade 1901 Marshall, Jean 1885 Marshall, Katherine 1882 Marshall, Margaret 1907 Marshall, Nellie M. 1901 Marshall, Schuyler C 1905 Martin, Clara J 1877 Martin, Eleanor \' 1886 Martin, Georgia L. 1887 Martin. Arthur S 1903 Martin. Margaretla ^L . . . , , 1909 Martin. Mary Adda 1881 Martz. John D 1899 Mason. Goldie 1910 Mason, Jessie A 1909 Mason, Lulu R 1900 Mateer. Martha E 1898 Matthews. Annie P 1891 Matthews. Henrietta A 1906 Matthews, Mary L 1909 Matthews, W. E 1884 Maurer, M. Viola 1895 Maxwell, Alyda B 1900 Maxwell, Mary A 1886 Maxwell, Nellie P 1903 Means, Homer B 1901 Meek. Maude L 1899 Megraw, Rachel M 1897 Melville, Matilda R 1907 Melvin, Mary E ipio Mencke, Emma C 1888 Menges, Clara S. . . . . , . 1896 Mensch. Bertha A. 1906 Mercer. Helen P. 1910 Mercer, Mary 1 1904 Merker. Frieda 1908 Metzgar. Mar>- L 189S Milter. Alice J 1882 Miller. Charles M. 1899 Miller, Cora E 1900 Miller, Dan W 1899 Miller. Emanuel M. , . .1902 Miller. Jennie B.. , . .1898 Miller. J. J 1879 Miller. Jennie M 1887 Miller, Lorenzo D 1882 Miller, Luella M 1888 Miller. Lydia D 1893 Miller. Margaret E 190S Miller. May B 1894 Miller, R, Grace 1906 Miller, S. Elizabeth 189S Miller, Vera G 1904 Miller, Winifred W 1887 MilUken, Edith 1910 try. continued Miltenberger, Harry 1898 Minahan, Margaret. ...... ... 1902 Minteer, W. A 1889 MitUiclI. Curt in C 1898 Mitdirll, l,.imj,-l B 1898 Mit. UrU. Mal.cl C 1894 Mitdicll, May B 1894 Mitchell, Margaret F 1878 Mitchell, M. Jennie 1S92 Mitchell, Paul , 1901 Mohney, J. M 1885 Montgomery. Anna B 1887 Montgomery. Ruth L. , 1895 Moon. Lottie. . 1885 Mooney, Anna M, 1905 Moore, Amy E. , 1883 Moore. Burt M 1898 Moore, Ella L. . . 1897 Moore, Grace E. , 1898 Moore. Mamie J. , , 1905 Moore. William J., 1901 Moorhead. Bess G. . . , , . . 1900 Moorhead, Blair 1909 Moorhead, Clara 1893 Moorhead, Margaret T 1891 Moorhead, Mary E. ........ . 1906 Moorhead, Phyllis L 1904 Moot, Dora 1906 Moran. Nora 1910 Morgan, Alice E 1900 Morgan, Edith M 1899 Morgan, Nan F 1901 Morris, Elizabeth 1900 Morris, Vernie A 1904 Morrison, Alice 1880 Morrison, Genevieve 1901 Morrison, Jennie A 1901 Morrow. Agnes 1886 Morrow. Alice 1889 Morrow, Eleanor A 1893 Morrow, Nancy C 1894 Morton. Joan . . igro Mulligan. Mary J 1910 Mumaw. Grace M 1903 Murdock, Estella M 1890 Murphy. Ella J 1909 Murray. Arthur T 1902 Murray, James Mr(" 1902 Murrav, Mary E 1907 Murry, Belle... .1886 Murr>-. Minty 1893 Muse, Blanche... . . .1886 Muse, Frank D. . . . .1885 Muse, Minnie E. . . . . , 1885 Musgrave, Elizabeth H 1904 Musselman, Harvey C 1881 Mutzig, Ida 1895 Myers, Clo A 1904 Myers, Lilian M 1888 McAUoo, Evangeline H 1902 McAdoo. Virginia D 1901 McAllister, Ralph C 1884 MacAninch. Ruth E 1904 McBurney, Jean G. 1894 McCain. Margaret 1885 McCall. Agnes 1885 McCallister, Edna M 189.S McCartney, John W. 1882 McClaren, Birdie . i88j McClary. Henry Etta igoo McClatchey, Rose Z 1885 McCleary. Olive M 1903 McClinton. Mary E 1K99 McClinton, Maud J 1898 McConaughey, M, Binnic 1901 McCIuskev, Albert F 1898 McComisli, Charles D 1893 McComish, Ralph C 1897 McConnell. Elizabeth 1909 McConnell. Jennie M 1887 McConnell, W. Ross 1900 McCormick. Jennie 1892 McCormick. Mary 1886 McCormick. Martha F 1891 McCormick. W. D i89f> McCowan, Ermine C i8S6 McCracken, E. Gertrude i8y6 McCreary, Lettie T 1910 McCreery. James W 1877 McCreight, Martha E 1899 McCrum. Jessie G 188O McCullough, B. Edna 1Q02 McCuUough, Emily Marie 1908 McCullough, Harr-et . 1900 McCullough. M. May 1908 McCune, Frances G 1899 McCune, Martha F 1894 McCurdy, Irwin P i&iti McCurdy, Joseph A 1878 McCutcheon, Grace L 1902 McDermott, Joseph 1892 McDermott. Lila A 1902 McDivitt. Martha M 1879 McDonald, Anna E 1896 McDonald. Susanna W. li. , , . 1895 McElhaney, Jean R 1885 McElroy. Lillie Elizabeth 1909 McElveen, Jennie 1884 McElwain, Elizabeth 1882 McElwain. Lois , . 1903 McFadden. Annie M 1882 McFadden, Elizabeth E 1886 McFadden. Jane R 1885 McFadden. M. Cecelia 1898 McFarland. E. Wills 1908 McFarland, Marjorie 1901 McFarland, Mary- 1888 McFarland. Minnie 1895 McFeatters. Calista B 1889 McGarvey. MoUie D 1888 Page 187 McGarvcy. Elizabeth S.. McOaw. Josephine McGaw. Mar>' R McGcar>-. Grace M McGee. Jessie D McGoun, Mar>' A McGraw. Josephine McGrew. Butlrr C McGrcw. Nathan N McIIattie. Lida McUcnrj'. Elizabeth McHcnr>'. Ruby M PENNSYLVANIA STAXE NOR-IVTAL SCMOOL McMiiIlen. Eliza 1892 McMuIlen. Jennie E 1885 Mi-Muim, Anna M 1886 M. Ndll. Blanche 1891 Mt N'aMiam, Laura A 1908 MrXary, Ethel R 1901 McNary. Gcorgiana 1902 McNwIis. Alice 1901 Mcpherson. Anna C 1889 McWreath. Mar>' W 1910 Xaley, Sarah L 1879 Nayior. Eva L 1910 Neal. Marry B looi Neal. Hazel V i^g Neal. Sadie Rose 1908 N'fary, Anna May 1910 Needy. Anctta i88s Neel, Nanry W igoS Nelson. Elizabeth 1901 Nelson, Evelyn 1892 Neshit, Harr>' N 1884 Newburn. Hannah K 1900 Nevvcniner. Ina E . , 1896 Newlon. G. H 1880 Newman, Margaret L 1899 XevvinKham. Gertrude G 1902 Nil In lias, Jennie 1910 Ni' Ik. lis. Lucy M 1910 Nil klas. Anna S 1908 Niebaum. Irene 1910 Nissley. Isaac () 1879 Noble. Elizabeth 1894 Noble, Margaret J 1904 Noble, Sarah 1 894 Noble, Sophia H lym Noel, Carrie L 1896 Noel. Robert D 1902 Nolan. EnioRenc J 1895 Nolan, M. Ellen 1894 N'olin. Mary E 1895 \olin. Nancy H 1895 North, Emily 1889 North, Maude 1890 NuRent, Sarah C 1892 O'Connell, J. Bernadettc 1897 O'Connor. Bertlia M 1895 Oldham. D. Orlando 1905 Ohver. Martha A 1885 Ommert, Estella B 1898 O'Neill. Alice M 1902 O-NVill. Delia E 1902 Opperman. Ida T 1901 O'Rourke. Maze 1897 Orr. Anna B 1897 On. KUicl M 1909 On. Marie H 1894 Oir. Winifred 1900 Oshorn. Nora B 1897 Ott. Eranklin B 1894 Otterson. OIlie G 1901 Owens. Bess 1896 Owens. Ethel M 1910 . 1890 .1907 .1905 .1900 .1897 .1899 .1885 .1879 .1882 . 1890 . 1908 .1905 Alumni Registry, continued Mclirov. Jean Voung. Mcintosh. Janet Mclntyre. Helen Maria. McKain. Lilly E McKcc, Annie L McKee, Clarence A.. . , McK(v, Ella , McKee. E. Mae McKee. Joseph I , McKee. Lynn C McKec. Mabei G McKcc, Margie C ■ ■ 1909 .1909 ..Igor ..1885 . . 1900 ..1888 ..1910 . . 1808 . . 1900 ..1899 ..1S94 McKee. William C MaiKendrick. Myrtle Jane, McKihben, Janet M McKibben, Mary C McKim. Elizaheth Earle. .. McKinUy. R.u h<l M McKniylil, Mary E McLaughlin, Grace McLaughlin, Kalhryn Y.... McLaughlin. Stella McMaster. Slargaret McMillen. Nannie J ■ 1907 .1909 .1893 .1886 .1908 ■ IQOS . I9IO .1899 .1898 . 1906 .1894 .1907 Page 188 V^fe^ PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL Owens, Sarah 1890 Owens. Winifred Gertrude 1908 Painter. Eva M 1884 PanRratz. Edilli . 1909 Park, Li-titi.i L, lyni Park, MaryLirt'tl.i . . . ujoi Parke. Wilina lyoi Parker, E. May . , 190U Parks. E. B 1887 Parsons, Anna HeleT 1897 Parsons, Martha i< 1892 Patterson, Elvira , 1892 Patterson. Jeannette (i. . , . . lyio Patterson. Jennie B 1879 Patterson. M. Winona igo8 Patterson, Nan . . . 1910 Patterson, Rose May 1895 Pattison, Margaret 1 1882 Payne, Almira S 1892 Pearce, Emma C 1895 Pearce. Neile T 1905 Pearsail, Elizabeth 1895 Pensyl, Georgie 1910 Perkins, Anna M 1887 Peterson, Ethel M igo8 Petrie. Esther K 1910 Petsch, Augusta 1910 Pfordt, Ella L 1900 Phelan. Ella 1909 Phillis. Janet 1909 Pidgeon, Bernice (". ... 1895 Pierce, David. . . , , , 1880 Pierce, John H. , 1881 Pierce, John M. , 1907 Pierce, Mary J. i88j Pierce, Mary L 1910 Pierce, William E 1909 Pinkerton. Augusta C 1879 Pinnock. Mary J ii>i»7 Piper. Mary iSgu Plender. Margaret J i8y8 Pollock. Helen Elizabeth 1909 Pollock. M. Elsie 1907 Pollock. Mar>' Emma 1887 Pollock. M. Isabel 1903 Pollock, Margaret J 1904 Pollock. Sara M 1908 Porter, Carrie M 1902 Porter, Florence B 1893 Porter. Ida M 1882 Porter, Madge D 1891 Poter, Nancy May 1910 Portser. Nancv . 1896 Potts, Emma R , .1886 Powell, Mary Isabel igo8 Pownall, Katherine 1899 Prescott, Helen M 1902 Prestley, Margaret i88o Price, Frances C 1888 Price, H. Blanche 1897 Alumni Regiscr Price, Pearl E., 1904 Printer. Anna, - 1894 Prothers, H, Ney 1899 Purdy, Margaret E 1885 Purdy, Mary A 1894 Puririgton, Lila VV. 1896 Purington, Margaretta U 1892 Quinn, Mary G .1907 Radchffc. John N , 1890 Radcliffe, Ralph 1902 Ralph, John L 1882 Ramaley. M. C 1888 Ramsay, Elizabeth Minerva, . - . 1908 Ramsay. Grace l_anieron 1908 Ramsay, Helen E 1910 Ramsay, Mary A. 1905 Randall, Cecil 1904 Randle. Addle M 1897 Rankin, Helen E. ..... . 1910 Rankin. Maude E. 1895 Ray, Charles 1902 Ray, Edna V , 1905 Ray, Jennie . 1889 Rayburn, Celia. . 1905 Reams. Ella A. . , , , 1902 Reed, Agnes S. . . igoo Reed, Ivan J .1907 Reel. Belle D 1884 Rees, Edith W 1900 Reese. Margaret A 1900 Reese, William P. . 1882 Reeseman, Mary I' .1891 Reich. Pearl E.. 1910 Reid, Lillian E. . 1906 Reinecke, Orca Alma . . . . 1909 Reineke, Sophie C. 1887 Reinhard, Emma E. 1907 Reven, Gertrude 1903 Rexford, Luva B 1910 Reynolds, Virginia 1884 Rhule, Nellie L igoi Rice. Kathleen 1887 Richards. Carrie E 1885 Rickabaugh. Charlotte G 1897 Riddl.-. Cii.irk-s A 1881 Riddl.'. M-T.-dith F. Riddl. ■. K.'Im-, ..1, Rieck. Hilda I. Rieger, Clara E Riethmiller, Clara Franci Riethmiller. J. Philip... Riethmiller, Oliver C Rigby, Annie E Rink. Charles E Rinn. Cloid Ritchie. Elizabeth Robb. J. Ir\vin Robbins, Agnes May 1895 Roberts. Lydia H 1896 Roberts, Mary C 1905 1905 . 1900 . igo8 igo2 190s 1885 y, continued Robertson. Eva Mae 1910 Robertson, Elizabeth J 1910 Robertson. Maude E 1904 Robeson. Jiili.i R. , igos Robinson, .Vr.ili.l , , 1888 Robinson, Mai\' J. 1899 Rodkey. Etluli 1894 Rodkey, Mary Belle 1908 Rod key. Robert Gordon 1909 Rodkey, Zola K 1907 Roeth. Alice E 1S98 Rogers, Laura R. . 1909 Rogers, Mercy. ... 1908 Rollt^r, Fannie F 1897 Roney, Emtiia 1S94 Roose, Margaret M 1907 Rose, Mary L 1899 Rose. Sophie K 1 888 Row. Sadie M 1S82 Rowand. Katharine l-" 1883 Rowe, Irwin D. . , , 1889 Rowe, Jean D 1 893 Rowe, M. Etta... 1888 Ruff, Elma 1883 Ruffner, Emma J.. 1886 Rugh. Agnes T... 1883 Rugh, Charles C. 1S97 Rummel, Lida E. 1887 Runzo, Thomas 1909 Rupley, Susie R. . , . 1901 Rush, J. K ]887 Rush, S. Arnold- i8gi Russell, Augusta. . i8g9 Russell, Helen F. 1900 RUSS.'II. j.-,Mr (, 1895 Riiss.ll, I 11. (Ik tr 1895 Rus>.ll, M.im.iM I s 1899 RussL-ll, Ml if Li. 1891 Rutledge. Laura I-;. 1910 Ryan, Anna M.. . igio Ryan, Isa L 1903 Rye, Anna 1 905 Sabin, Isabella L 1894 Sagerson, Florence H igro Sagerson, Mar>- igoi Saint, Mabel M 1902 Sampson, Emma F 1880 Sampson, M. Gertrude 1902 Sampson. Margaret L i8g6 Sandels, Annie E 1 882 Sansom, Bessie G T883 Sansoni, Jaims H, 1894 Sansom, M- I'Jhi.i 1896 Santrock, NLii> K 1901 Sawtelle, Ethel M 1909 Saylor, Tilman K 1 896 Saxman, S. A 1883 Scanlon, Benjamin F 1887 Scanlon, Mary E 1887 Sceurman, Mary M 1898 Schaeffer, Bertha Blanche 1908 Schall, Dora E 1907 Schali, Orplia Mabel 1908 Schaub. Mary Florence 1908 Schmerber. Marion K. 1905 Schreiner. Carolyn M. 1901 Schreiner. Hallie 1897 Scott, Harold P.. . . igo8 Scott. Ida B 1893 Scott, James T. . 1895 Scott, Jennie M.. . 1S97 Scott, Lida O i8g6 Scott. M. Josephine 1H84 Seanor. Estella B. 1910 Seaton, Charles F 1902 Seavey, Ethel Gercke 1908 Sebring, Lawrence M. 1896 Sellers, M. Louise igo6 Semple, Adella G. iSgg Settlemeyer, C. T. 1S95 Sexton, James igiu Shaffer, Frances, . . 1899 Shaffer, L. Gains, 1899 Shane, Georgia C. . , 1897 Shane. John P 1882 Shane, M. Jennie. . i8yi Shane, Samuel. . . 1879 Shaney, Olive M, igro Shaulis. Edward !■. 189S Shauiis, E. Frank. . 1899 Shaw. Bethella 1882 Shaw. Emily 1886 Shaw, Henrietta S. . 1886 Shaw, Jean S, . . . . 1 8y8 Shaw. Margaret E 1894 Shaw. N. Annette 1897 Shearer, Margaret B 1897 Shenefelt, Myra A 1908 Shenefelt, Sarah L 1908 Sherbine. Alvin i8g8 Shields. Effie L 1906 Shields, E. Juanita 1895 Shields. W. F 1885 Shoemaker, Grace E 1900 Sholes, E. Katherine 1886 Shomo, Jessie 1 907 Shontz, Emma 1882 Shrader, J. Calvin 1899 Shryock, C. Homer igio Shultz, E. Grace 1899 Shupe, Abbie F 1895 Shupe. Geoge B 1888 Sibley. Juanita R 1897 Sickman, E. Belle 1905 Sickman, Rachel J. E 1893 Sickman, Zella M 1902 Siebert, Corabelle 1901 Siefker. Bertha L. , . 1902 Silverman. Birdie C. 1903 Simon, Elmer B.. . rKgg :i Page 189 }}M^ 8- FENNSYJ-VANlA STATE NOR-lVlAL SCHOOL Simpson. Belle 1888 Simpson. Ebert T 1901 Simpson, Elsie Craig IQ09 Simpson. Ethel Fay IQ09 Simpson, George S.. Jr iQOO Smpson. James A 1887 Simpson. Nora M 1882 Simpson. Robert S 1885 Simpson. \'iola H 1903 Slater. Emma C 1886 Slater. M. Ella 1889 SHgh. Agnes M 1910 Alunini Registry, continued Sligh, Janet G 1905 Sloan. Ada B 1889 Sloan. Anna C 1893 Small. George G .... 1887 Smeltzer. Jessie L 1893 Smith. Alfted L 1881 Smith. Alice E 1900 Smith, Anna B 1897 Smith, Clara B 1902 Smith, ("lara Louise 1898 Smith. Clara Lytle 1899 Smith. Clark M 1898 Gv? W Smith Smith Smith Smith Cordelia W Corinne B Edith M Elizabeth F 1898 1002 1«9J igo8 Smith Emma 189!) Erla M Smith Smith Smith Smith K. Walker Hiram R Jessie B J. Leonard 1885 1876 1882 I»09 Smith. Mabel Beacom I90O Smith. Margaret H 1893 Smith. Marie E 1892 Smith. Martha J 1894 Smith. M. Leta 1899 Smith. Minnie E 1885 Smith. N'ellie Grace 1906 Smith. Paul Victor 1908 Smith. Sue 1905 Smith, \flma B 1892 Smith. Xirginia K 1897 Smyers, Genetta, 1 1906 Snodgrass. Elizabeth May 1896 Snodgrass. John i88 1 Snyder. S, Frank 190s Soles. Ella M 1894 Spears. Naomi B 1896 Speedy, Hal L 1907 Speer. Priscilla M 1905 Spence. Agnes 1909 Spencer, Alberta 1895 Spencer. Edith A 1906 Spraggon, Ethel 1910 Sproull. W. H 188s Srader. Ella M 1893 Stackhouse. Anna C 1906 Stadtmiller. Elise C 1905 Stahl. Florence N 1907 Staples, Clara M 1907 Starr, Kalhryn M 1910 Starz. Louisa E 1886 Statler. George T 1879 St. Clair. Blanche 1899 St. Clair. C. Mabel 1901 St. Clair, Frank D 1897 St. Clair. Hazel M 1907 St. Clair. Jennie 1879 St. Clair. J. Den 1900 St. Clair. Oscar A 1900 St. Clair. M. Agnes 1883 St. Cluir. R. J 1878 St. Clair. Thomas J89S Steck. Nellie E 1899 Steele. Elta 1899 Steele. Laura M 1906 Steele. Susan Mary 1910 Stein. Elizabeth M 1890 Steinmetz, Dillie M 1891 Steinmetz, Jessie 1906 Steinrod. Maude 1899 Stephens. Myrtle E 1897 Stephenson. Clara M 1897 Stephenson. Florence 1882 Stephenson. Julia M 1900 Sterling, Lelah 1910 Sterling. Mary A 1910 Stem. Florence 1904 Steuler, Hilda 1910 Stcwnson. Bessie W 1888 Stevenson. Luella M 1893 Stevenson. Mae E 1800 Stevenson, Sarah L 1886 Page 190 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL Stewart. Anabel 1804 Stewart, Bessie E 1907 Stewart, Christy igog Stewart. Clara F 1902 Stewart, E. Grace 1897 Stewart, Hope 1893 Stewart, J. T 1888 Stewart. Mary E i8gy Stiles, Floy E 1901 Stitt. Lelia A 1890 Stiver. Walter F 1910 Stone. Margaret L 1900 Stonebraker, Ralph L 1902 Stoner, Mame 1890 Storey, Georpia 1887 Storey. Ida B 1886 Stout. Olive A 1888 Strasler, Frank A 1900 Strayer, Ethel L 1910 Strickler. Hiram B 1881 Stuchell. Clair A 1909 Stuchell. Ethel M 1900 Stuchell, Martha E 1902 Stuchul. Charlotte Willard igog Stuchul, Martha T igo7 Stumpf. Eva G igos Sturgeon, Carrie J 1902 Sturgeon. M. Ella 1894 Sullivan. F. Helen 1907 Summerville. William D 1907 Sutor. Silas A 1882 Sutton. Edward H iSqg Sutton, Helen White 1909 Swain. Mabel E 1905 Swan, Delia B 1904 Swan, Edward Q igog Swan. Mari' Agnes 1888 Swan. Nora M 1908 Swartz, Mary R 1902 Swartwood, Margaret 1888 Swartz, Ehzabeth M 1904 Sweeney, Jennie A 1898 Sweeney, Myrtle M 1897 Sweeney, Nannie E ... 1899 Swickard. M. Ethel 1907 Syling. Philena G 1910 Tapscott, Mae Ellen 1909 Tarr. Harr>' M 1892 Tarr. Stewart F . 1899 Taylor. Alice 1881 Taylor. Anna Laura 1887 Taylor, Grace E 1892 Taylor, Grace L 1895 Taylor. Martha B 1900 Taylor. Royden J 1896 Thomas. Dubre A 1892 Thomas, Fannje A 1900 Thomas. Guy 1905 Thompson, Anna Mae 1910 Thompson. Guy 1890 Thompson, Irene A 1909 Thompson, Kathrj-n H 1894 Thompson, Lulu B 1903 Thompson, Mabel 1901 Thompson, Margaret M. 1895 Thompson, Mjrtte E. . igog Thompson, Rue Celta , .1895 Thomson, Agnes M. 1901 Thomson, Cathenne W igoi Thomson. Clara C igos Thomson. Margaret 1907 Tiffany. Emma J 1895 Tiflfany, Mary L 1886 Tiffany. Paul B igo4 Tiffany. Ruth M 1892 Titterington. John A 1910 Tittle. A. Josephine 1002 Tomb. D. Harbison , . 1878 Tomb, David Rankin ... . . 1909 Tomlinson. Leora A 1894 Trauger. George W igoi Travis, Fanny B 1905 Trees. Joe C 1892 Trent, S. U. 1876 Trimble, Flora M . 1892 Trimble, M. Edna 1898 Trimble. Martha 1888 Trout, M. Elizabeth 1895 Trusal, Jessie Eva 1910 Tucker. Asenath A 1894 Tucker, Margaret 1898 Turner. Jennie P 1885 Turner. Minnie E 1889 Tussey, Mary J 1899 Uhlinger, Katherine rgoi Ulerich. William W 1884 LTncapher, Elizabeth 1879 Uncapher, Luella M 1897 Urey. John M 1891 Urey. Mary H 1905 Urey, Preston G 1908 Vanard, Eva U i88t Vanard. Flora M 1888 Van Eman. Hattie- - - 1890 Van Horn, \'ida 1905 Van Kirk, Miriam igio \'aughen, Carrie B 1896 \'elte. Ethel 1900 Ventress, Adelia C 189.S \'itale. Delia igog \'ogel. Ella K 1890 Vorlage. William. . - 1891 Wachob, John 1888 Waddle, Ella M 1902 Waddle, Ethel L 19OS Wageley, Frances M 1903 Wagle, Mell S 1904 Wagner. Clara M 1905 Wagner, Delia M 1903 Wagner, Luella B 1904 Alumni Registry, continued Wagner, Olive Wagner, Pearl Wagner. Olive Ethel. """ ite, Nellie H.. Waldschmidt. Lilian E Walker, E. Virginia Walker, Florence C. Walker, Idella Walker, Laura B . , Wallace, Mabel Wallace, Minnie J Waller, Harriet Waller, Mabel Waller, Margaret L Waller, Robert P Wallis. Jean H Walsh, Ora E Walter, Anna M Walton, Mary H Warner, J. Paul Warner, Lydia H Warnock. Clara E Warnock, O. H Warren, Annie M Warren. Jennie S Wassam. Forde W Watkins, Lucy R Watson, A. Belle Watson, L. Frederica Watson. Mary O Weamer, J. Frank Weaver. Flora I Weaver, Rosina B Weber. Reuben J Wedd. Hazel Annette Weddle. F. N Wedemyer, Anna B Weimer, Harry Weis. Katherine M Welch. Edgar J Welch. Gertrude L. J Welfer, Kate B Welsh. Edward H Welsh. Elizabeth H Welsh, Howard M Wenner, Theo. L Wertz, Lula Irene Wesner, Eleanor A Wetherell, Caroline Wheeler. Edna J White, Josephine W White, Rose Whitehill. Stewart H Whiteman. Eftie B Whiteman, Lydia Bess... . Whiteman, Mary Gertrude. Whitefield, William H Whiting, Rita A. Whitmyre. Sadie E Whitmyre, Tamar , 1908 Whitten, Charles E. 1887 1910 Wiant, L. Cora. . . ... 1902 1908 Widdowson. Roxie L 1910 . 1902 Wieneke, Helen E igog 1902 Wiggins, D. Lytle . 1909 ,1888 Wiggins. Hubert P i8yo . 1884 Wiggins, Robert Clark 1909 1892 Wiggins, Robert H 1899 . igoo W'igton. Anna W 1905 . 1910 Wigton, Mary E 1902 . 1894 Wiley, Emily Isabel. , . . ; 1908 .1906 Wiley. J. P 1888 . 1 896 Wilkins, Anna 1 899 . igoi Wilkins, Mary B 1882 . 1902 Willett, Besse R igio . 1910 Williams, Beatrice igoi . 1894 Williams, Carrie M 1901 . 1909 Williams. David 1882 .1897 Williams. Fannie .1892 ,1910 Williams, Grace D. 1905 . 1904 Williams. Hanna. , iyo8 .1897 Williams, J. C 1897 . 188s Williams, Jennie E . . 1900 . 1891 Williams, Margaret A igoo . :88s Williams. Martha B 1905 . igos Williams, Mary 1 1887 . 1892 Williams. Orrin 0 1904 . 1901 Williams. William 1884 . 189s Williamson. A. May 1907 . 1900 Williamson, Emma i8y8 - 1890 Williamson, Emma 1907 .1895 Wills, James F 1894 , 1890 Wilson, Eleanor. . . . 1895 .1901 Wilson, A. Maude. 1893 .igog Wilson, AUce May i8g8 . 1888 Wilson, Arthur W. igoi . igio Wilson, Caroline.. 1910 ,1898 Wilson. Flora L.. ,1908 ,1893 Wilson. Florence 1902 . 1901 Wilson. Helen C. . . 1892 igoo Wilson. Helen I 1910 . 1887 Wilson. Irene B igo6 , 1898 Wilson. James M., 1885 1897 Wilson. James T. . 1894 ,1895 Wilson. John D 1898 1878 Wilson. M. Agnes 1S96 1908 Wilson. Robert M 1886 1910 Wilson. Ruth Sadie 1894 . 1H89 Wingar. D. Lester 1907 ,1910 Wingert. Charlotte M 1901 . 1894 Wingert. Clara M 1905 . 1904 Wingert, Ella B 1907 . 1876 Wingert, Laura A 1905 , 1902 Wise. Stella 1908 . 1909 Withington, Alice W 1896 1908 Withington, Cora B 1899 . 1889 Wolfe, Anna M 1900 . 19:0 Wood. Clara E 1904 .1901 Wood. Wilmer H 1901 . 1901 Woodburn, Marguerite A 1909 Page 191 PENN3Y1-VAN1A STATE NOR-MAL SCMOOL WooilliiMil. Ad.. t009 Woo<lrufI. J. H. - . i88s Woods. Joannott.. 1> 1893 Woods. Mari:;irrl ii 1879 Woods. Maud.- >8<M Woodward. I- rank J 1908 Woolscv. Enid E IK'JS Work. Bertha B lyoi Alumni Registry, concluded Work, Cree T.. . . i^yo Wyiiian, Jane G lyo? Work! F. Ernest. I'joo Wyman. Mary E 1904 Work. Mar>' A.. i8«)-i Wynn. Mary G 190S Work. Marv E. . 1887 Wynn. Wesley A i8q8 Work. Ruth A.. 1807 Wyge. Utlie L i8q[ Wright. Clare L. 1900 Vockley. Albert F igoi Wrisht. Margaret E 1899 Voder. Elizabeth A 1902 Wright. Sarah 1904 Voder, Vida J 190£ Voung. Blanche < ) 189s Voiing, Eva 1 1807 VounR. Miles C 1904 Zanchi. Mar>- E , 1907 Zeller, Ima llcraldine 1909 Zcncr. Virgil C 19O0 Zimmerman, Elizabeth 1901 Zimmers, Mabel 1910 Class Directory OfiFicers of the Society of the Alumni (;. Miv.xuK M.AKSHALL, 1901 President WlLMi-R Wood, 1901 V^ce President Mrs. Ciias. M. Miller, 1901 Secretary BiNNlE McCoNNAUGH, 1901 • Treasurer Note —So far as the addresses of our Alumni were known, or could be obtained, lliey are Kcven. Our friends will confer .1 favor by furnishine any informa- tion by means of which our directory may be made more complete in a future catalocue. In almost all cases the home address lias becil given. :„,„^^ Wo often have calls for teachers that we are unable to supply. We request our Alumni who are desirous of obtaining better positions to keep us informed of their addresses and desires. CLASS OF 1876 Elementary Course McCurdy. Irwin I'-. D.I).. I.itt. D.. LL. D Smith. Hiram R.. Farmer Trent. S. I.'. — Deceased. Whitchill. Stewart H.. I-awyer D. C. L.. Clergyman s. I'jih St.. Philadelphia. Penna. - - .t.oveland. Col. Brookville, Penna. CLASS OK 1877 Scientific Course Fair. R. Willis. Prin. Kiskiminetas School Elementary Course Christy. Maude A. — Deceased. GrumblinK. Sirah. A.M. (Mrs. E. C. VanHome) Gwinn. Caroline S. (Mrs. H. D. Blatchlcy) Martin. Clar;i J. (Mrs. W. S. Kelly) Pollock, Mary Emma (Mrs. Emma Shupe).- McCrecry. James \V.. Lawyer Saltsbtlri!. Penna. Lexington. Neb. Caldwell. Idaho. .Webster. Penna. . .Woostcr. Ohio. . . . .Greeley, Col. CLASS OF 1878 Elementary Course Mitchell. Margaret F. (Mrs. S. M. Jack) Indiana. Penna Andrews. James E.. Lawyer La Crosse. Kan Berkcy. Jacob .M.. A.M.. Principal iM2 BoQUet St., Pittsburgh. Penna EIrich. Charles. Business 210 E. 11th Ave.. Homestead. Penna- McCllrdy. Joseph A.. A.M.. LL.D., Lawyer Greensburg. Penna. .St. Clair. R. J.. Business St. Joseph. Mo Tomb. D. Harbison. Lawyer Indiana. Penna Wenncr, Tlieo. L. — Deceased. CLASS OF 1879 Elementary Course Brooks. Elisa. — Deceased. Christy. Louisa H. (Mrs. II. M. McCreery).. Carson City, Nev. McDivitt. Martlia M. — Deceased. Naly. Sarah L.. Pharmacist SOO "S'h Ave., Denver. Col. Patterson, Jennie B. (Mrs. J. A. Monteith) Siarta. 111. Pinkerton. Augusta C. Solicitor 16 S. Spring St., BlairsviUe. Penna. Scott. Jennie M.. (Mrs. W. L, Lapslcy ) Swissvale, Penna. Page 192 1: PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORMAL SCHOOL Page 194 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORIvdAL SCHOOL Class Directory, continued bt. Clair. Jennie. — Deceased. Uncapher. Elizabeth. — DecL-ased. Woods. Margaret E. (Mrs. M. D, Heath). Teacher Vineland. Cal. Davis. Samuel M.. A.B.. A.M.. Lawyer Santa Ana. Cal. Dill, Anson J. — Deceased,. Hanna. John C. Writer 126 Ellis Ave,. Wheaton. 111. Johnson. Edward P., Principal McGrew. Butler C. M.E., Business Washington, Penna Miller. J. J.. Judge Court House. Pittsburgh. Penna. Nisslev. Isaac O.. Exiitor MiddleCown, Penna. Shane! Samuel. Business . - McDonald. Penna. Statler, George T.. Business Greeley. Col. CLASS OF 1880 Elementary Course Hunter. Anna A.. Teacher Chester, S. C. Loucks. Amanda. Teacher Scottdale. Penna. Morrison. Alice. Teacher 1845 Ogden St.. Denver. Col. Prestlev. Margaret.- — Deceased. Sanipstin, Kmma F. (Mrs. Emma Smith) Mercer. Penna. BrinkrT. (i,isi»'r C. ^Deceased. Browd, ClKirl'-s J.— Deceased. Calder. John R.. B.A.. Lawyer 1861 Parkwood Ave., Toledo. Ohio. Cochran, William A.. Merchant 604 Central Ave.. Johnstown, Penna. Doty. Daniel W.. Lawyer 1708 Marshall Ave., St. Paul. Minn. Duffey. William E. Elkin, John P.. Justice of Supreme Court Indiana. Penna. Keefer. John S.^Deceased. Lewis. Samuel T.. A.B.. Clergyman Osceola Mills. Penna. Maclay. William B.. Business Belleville. Penna. Newlon, G. H.. Lawyer ... Pierce. David, M.D.. Physician McKeesport. Penna. CLASS OF 1881 Elementary Course Cameron. Martha A., B.S. (Mrs. Roland W. Cuss). . . . Greene, S. Ella D. (Mrs. Wallace Riley) Castle Shannon. Penna. Hamilton. Ada F. — Deceased. Harrison, Jennie B 4'" yth Ave.. McKeesport. Penna. Jones, Harriet E. (Mrs. J. M. Boggs) Byron, N. Y. Kemp. Mrs. Harriet. Principal 2020 Perry ville Ave.. Allegheny. Penna. Martin. Marj' Adda. Teacher 7S0 Forest St.. Avalon. Penna. Taylor. Alice (Mrs. George Hart) — Deceased. .\llison. J. Lewis. Supt. of Schools 1320 Wood St.. Wilkinsburg. Penna. Fair. George H I35i Garfield Ave.. Topeka. Kan. Guss. Rowland W., Science Teacher North Adams. Mass. Musselman. Harvey C. — Deceased. Pierce, John H., Lawyer Indiana. Penna. Riddle, Charles A., Lawyer Seattle. Wash. Smith, Alfred L. — Deceased. Snodgrass. John, Business Lincoln Ave.. Bellevue. Penna. Strickler. Hiram B.. Business Bloomdale. Ohio CLASS OF 1882 Shaw, Betlirll.i. T Schontz. Kiiiiii.i. TiMi h(-r-. Simpson. Nnra .\L (Mrs. J. Smith, Jessie B.. Teacher, . Stephenson, Florence, B.A. Elementary Course Angney. May E., Teacher 44 Eggers St.. Allegheny, Penna. Esterline, Anna C. (Mrs. Anna E. Rose) 3557 California Ave.. Allegheny, Penna. Ford, Eva B. — Deceased, Garman, Malvina (Mrs. M. G. Riddle), Critic Teacher I. S. N. S., Indiana, Penna. Given. Margaret P.. Teacher 1305 Poplar St,. Allegheny. Penna. Hildebrand. Gertrude (Mrs. H. S. Keepers) Indiana. Penna. Lewis. Cornelia P.. Stenographer Phoenix, .Ariz. McElwain. Elizabeth. Teacher Chestnut St., Avalon. Penna. McFadden. Annie M. (Mrs. D. B. Taylor) Indiana. Penna. Marshall. Katherine. Teacher 845 Collins St.. Pittsburgh, Penna. Miller, Alice J., Business I339 Sheridan Place, Pittsburgh. Penna. Pattison. Margaret J., Stenographer 919 W. 14th St., Topeka. Kan. Porter. Ida M., M.D.. Physician 347 Monroe Ave., Rochester, N. Y. Row. Sadie M. {Mrs. Harry C. Christv) Indiana. Penna. Sandels, .'\nnic E^ (Mrs. John B. Reynolds) Greensburg, Penna. 5121 Center Ave., Pittsburgh, Penna. S04 W. iQth St., Kansas City, Mo. C. Patton. .) Indiana, Penna. Jeannette. Penna. M.A., Principal Home Industrial School Asheville. N. C. Wilkins. Mary B. (Mrs. Charles H. Ogden) 4947 Wallingford St., Pittsburgh. Penna. Allison, R. Wilson. M.D., Physician 808 Wood St., Wilkinsburgh. Penna. Barton. Humphrey, Lawyer St. Paul. Minn. llarnish, William R., Lawyer 42 N. Duke St., Lancaster, Penna. Hickman, Edward D.. Business 442 4th Ave., Pittsburgh. Penna. Langham, Jonathan N., Lawyer Indiana. Penna. Mv(\irtii.-v. John W.— Deceased. M.i. t,.v, Willi, iin P.. Lawyer Potosi. Mo. M. ( ,n w. X.ithan N.. M.E.. Lecturer 1006 Arch St., Philadelphia, Penna. Miller. Lorenzo D.. M.E Shelocta, Penna. Ralph. John L.. Lawyer 601-3 Berger Bldg., Pittsburgh. Penna. Reese, William P.. Lawyer Alma Hall. Johnstown. Penna. Shane. John P.. Merchant McDonald. Penna. Sutor. Silas A. — Deceased. Williams, David. Supt. of Schools Keosouqua. Iowa CLASS OF 1883 Elementary Course .\llen. Annie E. (Mrs. Judge Evans) — Deceased, Bragdon, Carrie L.. Teacher. Plymouth Apartments Chartiers and Pennsylvania Ave.. Allegheny. Penna. Brown, Lizzie M.. Teacher New Alexandria. Penna. Brown. Marion L. (Mrs. Joseph Kyle) 108 W. 3d St., Xenia. Ohio. Cochran, M. Eta (Mrs. Samuel Ritchie) Thorn and Little Sts.. Sewickley, Penna. Davis. Emma E S09 Dearborn Ave. . Chicago. 111. Davis, Margaret C. Preceptress C. S. N. S Lock Haven. Penna. Ford. Mary E.. Physician S02 California Bldg.. Denver. Col. Gregg. Mary J. — Deceased. Hamilton, Margaret C. — Deceased. Page 195 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NOR-lVlAL SCHOOL Class Directory, continued Klingensmith. Annie Indiana, Penna. KniRht, Lulu N. (Mrs. John T. Reeves) Beaver Falis, Penna. Leslit?, Mary E, McClaren. Birdie, M.E. {Mrs. Frank Keener) Indiana, Penna. Moore. Amy E Asheville, N. C. Piercf, Mar>' J- — Deceased. Rowland. Katharim- V. I'Mrs. E, G. Miller). . . .300 Porter Ave., Warren, Ohio Ruff, Klma (Mrw. (h.irl.-* I). Todd) Gn-elfy. Col. Rnnh, Ajinr-s Tnihy iMrs. <;. R, Eppley), . .bit Wood St.. Johnstown, Penna. San.soni. Bessie G.. M.E. (Mrs. A. W. WilHon) Sallsburg. Penna. St. Clair. M. Agnea. Teacher 6347 Normal Ave., Chicago, 111. llarljour, W. W., Lawyer. Ridfiway, Penna. ILirnish, Lewis C., Clergyman. X'illase St., Hartford. Conn. S,ixman, S. A. — Deceased. ^■^^^^^^Ht ■ CLASS OF I8K4 Elementary Course \llisun. .Annie N. [Mrs. lU-nry Turk). . '^^^H H I'arker's Landing. Penna. ' *^^M ™ llntlicll. Clara E.. Shelocla. Penna. ^^^^ llroun. ^L Jennie. 114 Centennial .Xve., vft*' >_ .'-, . ^.^y" .Ji^^^K H S'wirkley, Penna. •• -*<*-*<-*a*i*^^^ ■■ {--.rcles. Lida M. (Mrs. J. W. Grovel, As- bury Place. PittshurKh. Penna. I'Mie. M. Leanna. Teaclier, Beaver. Penna. >* ^L»l* ■*^fc-"^'""^"M I [ni-fu-ld. Ella E. (Mrs. David C. Pattee), I T^gJMT. IH ir.l.ir R.ipids. Neb. ■ /> l^^J^ICiIHPM L H < ..ilbr.iiUi. Mari-aret M., 824 Lexington J* »'W! "•••»-'* 1 ■ Av.., New Vurk. N. Y. •-^—^W"'^^ -^ ,i ■ '.. ill, ilirr, Sarah M.— Class of 1888. -/ ^» ^ \m " '^ ^ '■'"■'^ 2- <^^''^- ^- ^'- f^Hiyers). SSM ■^ ■' T-'r ' V • \ §. -Miiiton Ave., Pittsburgh, Peniui. '» 'J li ifreys. Jennie. — Deceased. ^ tmm- Nb Elveen, Jennie (Mrs. Frank B. Patton). ■^ «*A ~>5i Dithridge St., Pittsburgh, Penna. ^^^ I'.iinler, Eva M. (Mrs. Elmer Ilelman). Ir\\in. Penna. K.el. Belle D. (Mrs. R. A. McKee). Ben ^^^^^ ^^^^ Avon, Penna. jf^ ''**i^^'^^^L^^^B K'>nolds. X'irginia. B.S.. Teacher E. X. S.. ■** .•■y'^^^^.'^^^^^ta^^^^H East Stroiidsburg, Penna. Kiyby. Annie E., 1301 3d Ave., New Brigh- ton, Penna. Ritchie, Elizabeth (Mrs. Elizabeth Ritchie) Supv. of Adv. Dept.. Pittsburg Steel Co.. '130 S. Negley Ave.. Pittsburgh. Penna. Sicjtt. Mary Josephine (Mrs. D. \V. Mc- Xauyher). 202 Lafayette Ave., Allegheny. I'enna. — Tjm-. Walker. Florence C. J|_5*P Ai;iie. John B., M.D.. Physician, 2300 8th ■ 003 Ave., Beaver Falls, Penna. Mc.\llaster, Ralph C.. Business. 619 Bel- mont .Ave., N.. Seattle, Wash. Matthews. W. E., M.D.. Physician 423 Lincoln St., Johnstown. Penna. Nesbit. Harry N.— Class of 1888. l.'lerich. W. W., Business Latrobe. Penn. Williams. William. Lawyer Woolf Block, Johnstown. Penna. CLASS OF 188.5 Elementary Course Adair. Jennie M. (Mrs. George W. Belsey ) Fniita. Col. Angus. Mary A. (Mrs. Lyman Walker)— Deceased. Carney, Alice B. (Mrs. John II. Wilson) — Deceased. Page 196 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORIVIAL SCMOOL Class Directory, continued Cawlcy, Nan L. (Mrs. W. A. Walker. Jr.) y54 Washington Ave., Alleglieny. Penna. Cochran. Laura C. Teacher 322 N. Maple Ave.. Greensburg, Penna. Coopar. Mary Blanche. Principal 1806 Harvard St., Seattle, Wash. Davi-., I., una Maude Anniston, .'^la. Ellioi : , \il ilni^ \1,. Teacher 822 7th Ave., Beaver Falls, Penna. Fan, Ma', f , I 'iirit mistress. Blacklick, Penna. Gettv. Mai?.. .M.D.. Physician l8ji Chestnut St., Philadelphia. Penna. Given. Annie F. Indiana, Penna. Graham. Annie M., Teacher Baldwin, Penna. Hays. Caroline D., Principal, Hays Seminary Maysville, Ky. Hays, Fanny L., Hays Seminary Maysville, Ky. Harrocks. Sarah— Deceased. Lemon, Emma R. — Deceased. Lytle. Katherine M. (Mrs. Charles H. Clifford) Braddock. Penna. McCain, Margaret. McCall, Agnes (Mrs, Agnes Taylor) 59 Madison Ave.. Bellevue. Penna. McSlatchey. Rose Z.. Teacher SU N. St. Clair, E. E., Pittsburgh. Penna. McEIhaney. Jean R., Member of Faculty, L S. N. S Indiana. Penna. McFadden. Jane R. (Mrs. M. L. Zweizig) 148 S. 5th St.. Reading, Penna. McGraw, Josephine. McMuIIen. Jennie E. (Mrs. George W. Orange) Spiritwood. N. D. Marshall, Adah L.. Teacher Houston. Penna. Marshall. Anna P. (Mrs. William McCracken) 700 Maryland Ave., Pittsburgh. Penna. Marshall, Jean 84s Collins Ave.. Pittsburgh, Penna. Marshall. Jean 752 Forest Ave., Avalon. Penna. Moon. Lottie. Teacher Bellevue, Penna. Muse. Minnie E. (Mrs. T. C. Jones) 811 Huey St., McKeesport, Penna. Needy. Anetta— Deceased. Oliver, Martha A 713 Arch St., Allegheny. Penna. Richards, Carrie E. (Mrs. W. C. Sliouse) Bellevue, Penna. Smith. Minnie Ethel - . .4626 Chatsworth Ave.. Hazelwood. Pittsburgh Penna. Turner, Jennie P.. Physician 904 Hunrod Ave., Youngstown. Ohio Vanard, Eva U. (Mrs. G. \V. Woodburn) . .4234 Stiles St., Philadelphia, Penna Warren. Jennie S. (Mrs. J. R. Copeland) Parnassus, Penna. Angney. Allan B., Lawver. . , Frick Bldg. Annex, Pittsburgh, Penna. Gordon, M. C— Class of 1S88. Hickman. R. L.. Business Pittsburgh, Penna. Hutton. Frank. Lawyer Dubois. Penna. Itell. Thomas J.. Lawyer 150 Adams St., Johnstown, Penna. Mohney. J. M.. LL.B., Lawyer.. Oxford, Neb. Muse. Frank D.. A.B.. Clergyman. Robb, J. Invin. Teacher .... Bryn Mawr. Penna, Shields, W. F.. Clergyman Medford. Ore, Simpson. Robert S,, Business BclUngham. Wash, Sproull. W. H.— Class of 1888. Warnock. O. H., Mechanical Engineer Larimer. Penna. Wilson, James M., Clergyman . Ashland. Ore, Woodruff. J. B.. Physician \'ine and Bedford Sts., Johnstown. Penna. CLASS OF 1886 Elementary Course Banlield. Margaret S. (Mrs. M. S. Parshall) 20JO Perrj'ville Ave., Allegheny, Penna. Barnes, Blanche A. (Mrs. A. C. Anderson) Berros, Cal. Birkuian. ^^a^a (Mrs. Hiram Dc I'uy) 3302 26th St. Tacoma, Wash. Breniser. Cynthia (Mrs. John L. Thomas) 2727 Eldridge Ave., Bellingham, Wash, Bruce. Laura B.. Teacher 1320 Wood St.. Wilkinsburg. Penna, Calhoun, Jennie M 57 Bayne Ave., Bellevue. Penna. Cannon, Mary W 1627 Beaver Ave., Allegheny, Penna, Case. Gertrude S.. Teaclier of Manual Training 5010 Weliesley Ave., Pittsburgh, Penna. Crawford. Ella E. (Mrs. Robert S, Clarke) McClure Ave., Ex.. Allegheny. Penna, Cridcr. Annie M. (Mrs. Albert H. Kirker) Dravosburg, Penna. Fleming, Louise S 3^3 Parkhill Ave., Yonkers, N. Y. Freeman, Sarah J. — Deceased. GilfiUan. Sarah A. (Mrs. J. L. Ralph) 54 Hawthorn Ave., Crafton, Penna, Hamill, Jennie (Mrs. S, R, McClure) iii North Ave., Braddock, Penna, Hayden, Margaret B.. M.E.. Teacher 38 Preston Ave.. Allegheny, Penna, Haslett. .'\nnie S. — Deceased. Henderson. Mary 802 Huey St., McKeesport. Penna. Hodge, Grace M. (Mrs. George V. Craighead) S18 Franklin Ave., Wilkinsburg, Penna. Jones. Mary Margaret — Deceased. Laughry, Anna S. (Mrs. M. L. Imler) 745 Cypress Ave., Moxham. Johnstown, Penna. Leard. Emma L., (Mrs, W. F. Shields) Ore. McCormick. Mary. Teacher Blairsville. Penna. McCowan, Ermine C. (Mrs. G, G. Small) 205 Western Ave., Aspinwall. Penna. McFadden, Elizabeth E. (Mrs. J. S. Gant) Buena Vista, Penna. McKee, Annie L. — Deceased. McKibben. Mary Crouse (Mrs. Samuel A. Harper), Physician , . 4103 Grand Blvd., Chicago, 111. McMunn. Anna M., Teacher no Sprague Ave., Bellevue, Penna. McCrum. Jessie G. (Mrs. Jessie G. Matthews). Marion. Katlierine H.. Teacher 1329 Fayette St., Allegheny. Penna. Marquis, Elvira (Mrs. Harry S. Elwood) Ellensburg. Wash, Martin. Eleanor V.. Teacher 440 W. 3d St.. Pomona, Cal. Maxwell. Mary A. (Mrs. Irving A. Palmer). Morrow, Agnes — Class of 1888. Murry, Belle, Principal. Muse, Blanche, Teacher. . 832 Huey St.. McKeesport, Penna, Potts, Emma R., Teacher Natrona, Penna. Purdy. Margaret E. (Mrs. Samuel W. Pringle) Auburn, Neb Ruffner. Emma J. (Mrs. Charles F. McMann) — Deceased. Shaw, Emily (Mrs. R. T. Stewart) 1524 Shady Ave., Pittsburgh, Penna. Sliaw. Henrietta S.. Principal 1732 Pearl St., Denver. Col. Slides, E, Katherine (M rs. A. C. Latimer) 115 E. Montgomery Ave.. Allegheny. Penna. Slater. Emma C 426 Kelley Ave., Wilkinsburg. Penna, Starz. Louisa E.. Business 1*^118 Sedg\vick St., Allegheny. Penna. Stevenson. Sarah L. (Mrs, lialph W, Carroll) — Deceased. Tiffany. Mary L. (Mrs. Elmer Allison) n6 S. loth St., Indiana, Penna. Storey, Ida B. (Mrs. O. H. Warnock). Cramer, W. Justin — Deceased, Fisher, Harry H., Lawyer Greensburg, Penna. Fisher, John S., State Senator Indiana. Penna. Jackson, Walter H,, Editor Indiana, Penna. Smith. E. Walker. M.A., Lawyer Indiana. Penna. Wilson, Robert M.— Class of 1888. Page 197 PENN^YIA^NIA STATE lSrOR.lVlAL SCHOOL CLASS OF 1887 Elementary Course Bryan. Minnie J. (Mrs. Robert Smith) Indiana, Penna. Cameron. Clara (Mrs. J. N. Langham) Indiana, i'cnna. Campbell. S. Flora. Teacher Braddock, Pcnna. Clarlt. Annie M. (Mrs. J. J. Miller) 4924 Wallingford St.. E. E., Pittsburgh, Pcnna. Chinholm. Mar>' L.. Teacher 353 Maple Ave., Edgewood Park. Penna. Clingerman. Mara B 1017 Lexington .\vc., .-\Uoona, Penna. Uain. Hannah K.. — Deceased. Dalby. Lucy. Teacher 214 S. Craig St.. Pittsburgh, Pcnna. Day, Ella R S14 Congress St.. McKcesiiort, Pcnna. Eckman. Rena S. , Teacher Ebert School, Denver, Col. Edwards. Ella C. — Deceased. Ellis. Siira E. Empficld. Hate E. (Mrs. Charles A. Jenks) 219 Union St., Punxsutawney, Penna. Eraser. Elizabeth C. (Mrs. H. E. Humphries) McDonald, Pcnna. Galbraith, Marietta — Deceased. GofxUII, \rlli.- A., Teacher 506 Naiwleon St.. Johnstown, Pcnna. (;rilliili, Alii.- 1-. (Mrs. A. B. Hulbert) Fort Collins. Col. ll.ilm, l-Miih M. (Mrs. John H. Kennedy) . Punsxutawney. Pcnna. Ihilihisun, -NLirgaret J., Teacher 75 Washington Ave., Bellevuc. Penna. Kcu'iedy, Mary R. (Mrs. Samuel Hamilton) - Holland Ave., Braddock, Penna. Kiniple. Lottie C Chambersville, Penna. Knox. Anna M. (Mrs. E. E. Carey) St. Catherine. Ontario. Can. Krcbs. Jennie — Dcct-asi-d. Lawrcnci-, Sarah Kiitherine (Mrs. J. K. Rush) East Liverpool. Ohio. Loinks. Dorotha M. (Mrs. W. L. Kelley) — Deceased. M< riiiinell. Jennie M. (Mrs. Lacy S. McKeever) — Deceased. M.iriin, (ieorK'ii L.. Principal. .Mttlcr, Jt-iinic M., Teacher. MilliT. W'lnitri-d W. — Deceased. M()nti;c.iii.T\-. .\nna B. — Deceased. Perkins, Ann.t M. (Mrs. .A. P. Hays) 454 West Ave.. Los .Angeles. Cal. Rcini-ck<-. Sophi.- C. Teacher .Dickson and Church Aves.. Ben .Avon. Pcnna. Rice, K.ithlt_*fn {Mrs. E. NL Seiner) 1198 Oakland Ave., Indiana. Pcnna. Runimel. Lida F. (Mrs. George Helman) Sheffield, Pcnna. Scanlon, Mary E. (Mrs. C. S. Lemon). Storey. Georgia. Vice Principal Hiland School 5480 Broad St., Pittsburgh, Pcnna. Taylor. .Anna Laura (Mrs. W. E. Fohl) Harmarville. Penna. Wetfcr. Kate B.. Teacher Greenfield Ave., Pittsburgh. Pcnna. Williams. Mary J, (Mrs. James D. Simons) 91 N. Linwood St.. Crafton, Penna. Work. Mary E. (Mrs. Hope W. Hogg) 30 Brook Rd., Eallowfield. Manchester, Eng. Blue. John. District Manager, Casualty Ins. Co Lansing. Mich. Carroll. J. G.. Lawyer Uniontown. Pcnna. Cramer. John W.. Business 32^ Hayncs St.. Johnstown. Penna. Fiscus, J. J.. Business Indiana, Penna. Hamill. 0- A. — Deceased, Hammond, James B.. Business Bolivar, Pcnna. Jack, William M.. ClerK>-man Chazy. N. Y. John>ion, M. P. Clergyman. K<K>ntz. J. S.. Physician 611 Coleman Ave.. Johnstown. Penna. Longwill. A. L., Business 1914 Wayne St., Swissvale, Penna. Class Directory, continued Parks. E. B.— Deceased. Rush, j. K.— Deceased. Scanlon. Benjamin F.. B.L.. Lav^-yer 406 New York Bldg.. Seattle, Wash, Simpson, James A., Farmer Indiana, Penna. Small. George G.. Business. Whitten. Charles E., Law>-er Grccnsburg, Penna. CLASS OF 1888 Scientific Course Gallaher. Sarah McCunc. Principal i'rivalr Sth(K>l Ebensburg. Penna. Morrow. .Agnes (Mrs. Richard B. Scantirett). Belhcld Dwelling Pittsburgh, Penna. Gordon. M. C. Member of Faculty, I. S, N. S Indiana, Pcnna. Nesbit. Harry. Clergyman 898 Ave. C, Bayonne. N. V. Sproull, W. H.— Deceased. Wilson. Robert M.. Treasurer Indiana, Pcnna. Elementary Course Boyle. Mar>' C. (Mrs. J. J, Mulliollan.l 1 "lialinsworth St ... Pittsburgh, Penna. Bradshaw. Mattie. — Deceased Campbell, .Alice L Col. Caulfield. Mary G., Teacher SM Neville St., Pittsburgh, Penna. Cheesman. .Anna M. (Mrs. Daniel Craig) si5 W. Grant Ave., Duquesnc, Penna. Chisholm. Lilian L. (Mrs. Charles Garland) Maple Ave., Edgewood Park, Penna. Christy. Kate S i J09 Bath St.. Santa Barbara, Cal. Cluley. Ivy. Teacher. Cooper. Mary J.. Supervisor. Westmont Johnstown, Penna. Cordier. Anita (Mrs. R. A. McDonald) 304 S. Fairmont Ave.. Pittsburgh, Penna. Ekas, .Agnes E. (Mrs. .A. M. Weir) Sarver. Penna. Evans. Jessie (.Mrs. E. D. Wyckoff) R. F. D., San Gabriel. Cal. Fairly. Elizabeth D.. Teacher. Fetzer. Ella L. (Mrs. B. L. Elliott) .Aspinwall, Pcnna. Fielding. Fronie S. (Mrs. Edwin H. Campbell). Fiscus, Blanche (Mrs. Dr. Graves). Fix. Rebecca N. (Mrs. C. P. Anderson) 465 Biddle Ave., Wilkinsburg. Penna. Gilmore. Marger>' Mary, Teacher 40 IS Westminster St.. Allegheny, Penna. (irasscl. .Anna M. (Mrs. James P. McDonald) 433 Walnut St., Sewickley, Penna. Hadley. Edith O. (Mrs. George Lyslc) Neville St., Pittsburgh. Penna. Hamilton, Ehzabeth. Teacher 721 Arch St., Allegheny. Penna. Harris, Minnie R.. Literature 410 S. Ave., Wilkinsburg. Penna. Harrington. Beatrice (Mrs. J. W. Gray) 3705 Pcrr>'sville Ave., Allegheny, Penna. Harrison. Elizabeth M. (Mrs. W. E. Ncwiin) 618 5th Ave.. McKeesport. Penna. Hay .Alberta iS3f> Fremont St.. Allegheny. Penna. Hcrriott. Emma J.. Teacher 406 Neville St., PittHburgh, Penna. Hinc. Nancy J Saltsburg. Penna. Jones. Esther A.. Teacher ftio West Park Way. McKeesport. Penna. Jones. Roberta L., Tcaclicr 90^1 Sandusky St., Allegheny, Pcnna. Page 198 PENNSYLVANIA STATE NORTs^AL SCHOOL Class Directory, Jones. S. Mayes {Mrs. Fred B. Jones) Washington. Penna. McFarland. Mary. McGarey, MoUie D. (Mrs. A. G. Breitwesier) Brownsville Rd., Pittsburgh. Penna. McKee. Ella (Mrs. Samuel Kraeer). Menke. Emma C. (Mrs. J. P. Blackburn) 313 Penney Ave., McKeesport, Penna. Miller, Luella M. 4733 Bayard St., Pittsburgh, Penna. Myers, Lillian M.. Teacher, "Keystone" Fleming Ave., Allegheny, Penna. Price. Frances C. (Mrs. H. C. Beares) , Coleman Place, Homewood, Pittsburgh. Penna. Riddle, Rebecca. Robinson, Arabel, A. B-. Teacher. Rose, Sophie K. ^Mrs. Henry F. Carr) 878 Thorn St., Sewickley, Penna. Rowe, M. Etta Donora, Penna. Simpson. Belle. Nurse 412 S. isth St., Philadelphia, Penna. Stevenson. Bessie W. (Mrs. H. D. Montgomery) 5429 Stanton Ave., Pittsburgh, Penna. Stout. ( Hi\'t.- A.— Class of i8yi. Sw.ui. NLi[\ Auries. Teacher 1105 Allegheny Ave., Allegheny. Penn.i. Swdriw.iuil, Margaret (Mrs. Ross T. Campbell) Sterling, Kan. Trimblf, Martlia (Mrs. Solomon Buterbaugh) Cookport, Penna. \anard. Flora M. (Mrs. D. W. Keister) 2263 E. iDist St.. Cleveland, Ohio Walker, E. \'irginia (Mrs. C. A. E. Codman) - 320 S. 42d St.. Philadelphia, Penna. Allison, D. B..